20 17 pharmaceutical knowledge points in the examination of Chinese medicine practitioners: chapter VIII drugs for relieving exterior syndrome.
◆ Performance characteristics:
◇ Sexual taste: pungent and frivolous.
Meridian tropism: lung and bladder
◆ Efficacy application:
Sweating to relieve exterior syndrome: exterior syndrome (sun meridian syndrome, febrile disease syndrome)
◇ Classification:
● pungent temperature: divergent wind-cold → wind-cold exterior syndrome
● pungent and cool: divergent wind-heat → wind-heat exterior syndrome
At the same time:
● diuresis and detumescence: edema
● Cough and asthma: Cough and asthma
● Penetrating rash: measles and rubella.
● Analgesia: Rheumatalgia
● Eliminating sores: sores begin to appear.
◆ Use compatibility:
The difference between cold and heat must be combined with the nature of the drug.
◇ Deficiency of vital qi and evil reality: use tonics.
Syndrome differentiation of febrile diseases: mainly clearing away heat and toxic materials.
◆ Instructions for use:
◇ It is not advisable to use it excessively for a long time, so as to avoid gas consumption and body fluid damage.
The right time, the right place and the right people.
It should not be fried for a long time.
Contraindications: spontaneous sweating, night sweats.
Note: Blood loss, stranguria, sores and ulcers last for a long time.
Section 1 Drugs for expelling pathogenic wind and cold
◆ Sexual taste: Xin Wen.
◆ Efficacy application:
Divergent wind-cold: exterior syndrome of wind-cold
Chinese ephedra
Ephedra: pungent, slightly bitter, warm in nature. Enter lung meridian and bladder meridian.
Sweating and relieving exterior syndrome: wind-cold exterior syndrome, suitable for patients with asthma and cough. cinnamon twig
The first medicine for sweating and relieving exterior syndrome
◆ Dispelling lung and relieving asthma: asthma and cough syndrome. Dispel bitterness and reduce bitterness.
◇ Cold cough ◇ Cold phlegm cough and asthma ◇ Lung heat cough
◆ Diuretic swelling: geomantic edema.
cinnamon twig
Ramulus Cinnamomi: pungent, sweet and warm. Heart, lung and bladder meridians.
◆ Sweating and relieving exterior syndrome: exterior syndrome of wind-cold syndrome. Slow sweating, warm and tonify weiyang
Exterior syndrome: use ephedra; Exterior syndrome: using white peony root; Exogenous yang deficiency.
◆ Warming meridians and dredging collaterals: cold stagnation and pain.
◇ Chest obstruction and heartache
Blood stasis due to cold during menstruation, irregular menstruation, abdominal pain, arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness, shoulder and arm pain.
◆ Help Yang to transform qi:
Phlegm and water retention syndrome, palpitation, weak heart-yang deficiency, blood vessels blocked, dolphin's qi rushing and discharging, yin cold overflowing and cold water rushing and discharging.
Perilla and ginger
Perilla frutescens: pungent, warm. Enter the lung meridian and spleen meridian.
Jiang: Xin Wen. Enter lung, spleen and stomach meridians.
◆ * * * Similarities:
◇ sweating and relieving exterior syndrome: wind-cold exterior syndrome. Slow strength should be lighter than syndrome.
◇ Stop vomiting: Vomiting.
◇ Fish and crab detoxification: fish and crab poisoning, abdominal pain and vomiting.
◆ Difference:
Perilla frutescens: both promoting qi circulation and resolving phlegm: suitable for chest tightness and expectoration.
● Move qi widely, prevent miscarriage and prevent miscarriage: ○ Qi stagnation in the spleen and stomach, chest tightness and vomiting ○ Qi stagnation and restless fetal movement ○ phlegm and blood stasis, plum-core qi syndrome.
● Attachment: Perilla peduncle
○ Xin, Gan, slightly warm. Enter lung, spleen and stomach meridians.
○ Chest-wide diaphragmatic qi-free fetus: qi stagnation in chest and abdomen; threatened abortion
◇ Ginger:
Low temperature antiemesis:
○ Spleen and stomach cold syndrome, epigastric pain
All kinds of vomiting and vomiting drugs are suitable for stomach cold.
● Warming the lungs and relieving cough: lung cold cough.
● Solve the toxicity of Pinellia ternata and Rhizoma Arisaematis.
Ephedra and Elsholtzia
Elsholtzia: pungent, slightly warm. Enter lung, spleen and stomach meridians.
Ephedra: pungent, slightly bitter, warm in nature. Enter lung meridian and bladder meridian.
◆ * * * Similarities:
◇ sweating and relieving exterior syndrome: wind-cold exterior syndrome.
◇ diuresis and detumescence: edema.
◆ Difference:
◇ Elsholtzia: sweating, slowly dispersing cold, resolving dampness and warming the middle: Yin-summer syndrome is caused by exogenous wind-cold, internal injury, summer dampness, abdominal pain and vomiting.
"Xia Yue Ephedra"
◇ Ephedra: Strong ability of sweating and dispelling cold: external righteousness.
● dispersing lung and relieving asthma: asthma and cough syndrome
Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia divaricata
Schizonepeta tenuifolia: pungent, slightly warm. Enter lung meridian and liver meridian.
Fangfeng: pungent, sweet and slightly warm. It belongs to bladder meridian, liver meridian and spleen meridian.
◆ * * * Similarity: Constant phase must be used.
◇ dispelling wind and relieving exterior syndrome:
● Wind-cold and wind-heat exterior syndrome. ● Rubella itching.
◆ Difference:
◇ Schizonepeta: Strong sweating ability.
● Penetrating rash: measles is impenetrable. ● Eliminating sores: sores begin to appear. ● Hemostasis: vomiting blood.
◇ windproof: eliminating dampness at the same time: exterior syndrome of wind-cold with dampness.
Strongly expelling wind, "wind medicine moistening agent" treats both external wind and internal wind.
● Eliminating dampness and relieving pain: arthralgia due to wind-cold and dampness. ● Spasm: tetanus.
Notopterygii Rhizoma, Radix Angelicae Dahuricae, Asari and Rhizoma Ligustici.
Notopterygium root: pungent, bitter and warm. It belongs to bladder meridian and kidney meridian.
Angelica dahurica: pungent, warm in nature. Enter lung, stomach and large intestine meridian.
Asarum: pungent, warm. A little poisonous. Return to lung, kidney and heart meridian.
Ligusticum: Xin, Wen. Return to bladder meridian.
◆ * * * Similarities:
◇ relieving exterior syndrome, dispelling cold, expelling wind and removing dampness, and relieving pain;
● Wind-cold exterior syndrome, wind-cold exterior syndrome and headache. Cold-dampness arthralgia.
◇ Angelica dahurica, Asari: Xuan Tong's nose and mouth: BiYuan.
◆ Difference:
Notopterygium root: strong, with headache, rheumatism and upper body joint pain.
◇ Angelica dahurica: Yangming meridian pain: head and forehead pain, toothache.
● Dryness and dampness stop: leukorrhagia, cold and dampness, damp and hot.
● Detumescence and pus discharge: sores and swelling are toxic, and at first they develop into pus.
◇ Asarum: Shaoyin headache, toothache
Strong ability to dispel cold, both exterior cold and interior cold can be used.
Deficiency of external yang
● Warming lung and relieving hangover: exogenous pathogenic factors, lung cold, cold drinks, asthma and cough.
● Note: ○ "Asarum is not expensive" is decocted,1~ 3g; 0.5 ~ 1g powder
○ anti-veratrum
Sakamoto: Grand Dingding: The sun has a headache on it.
Xanthium sibiricum and Flos Magnoliae
Xanthium sibiricum: pungent, bitter and warm. Toxic. Return to lung meridian.
Xinyi: Xin, Wen. Enter the lung and stomach meridians.
◆ * * * Similarities:
◇ Divergent cold and promote nasal orifices;
● Deep nose, headache, stuffy nose and runny nose, and no smell. ● Wind-cold exterior syndrome
◆ Difference:
Xanthium sibiricum: a good medicine for nasal cavity
● Expelling wind, removing dampness and relieving pain: rheumatic arthralgia and limb contracture.
● Attachment: Xanthium sibiricum
○ Bitter, pungent and slightly cold. A little poisonous.
○ Expelling wind, clearing away heat and detoxicating: rheumatic joint pain, leprosy, furuncle and itchy skin.
◇ Xinyi: Going to the head and face, good at clearing the nose and asking for medicine in the nasal cavity.
● Note: Baojian.
Green onion, geese don't eat grass, coriander, tamarisk.
◆ * * * Similarity: divergent wind-cold: wind-cold exterior syndrome. Weak expressive power.
◆ Difference:
◇ Onion white: dispelling cold and activating yang ◇ Goose doesn't eat grass: clearing nose, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, detoxifying and detumescence.
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Section 2 Drugs for Divergent Wind-heat
◆ Sexual taste: pungent and cool.
◆ Efficacy application: (slow divergence)
◇ Divergent wind-heat: exterior syndrome of wind-heat and defensive syndrome of epidemic febrile disease.
◇ concurrently: ● clearing head: dizziness ● sore throat: sore throat.
● Eruption and itching relief: measles, rubella ● Cough relief: lung heat cough.
Mint, burdock, mulberry leaf and chrysanthemum
Mint: pungent, cool. Enter lung meridian and liver meridian. Mulberry leaves: sweet, bitter and cold. Enter lung meridian and liver meridian.
Burdock: pungent, bitter and cold. Enter the lung and stomach meridians. Chrysanthemum: pungent, sweet, bitter, slightly cold. Enter lung meridian and liver meridian.
Cicada: Sweet, cold. Enter lung meridian and liver meridian. ◆ * * * Similarities:
◆ * * * Similarities: ◇ Evacuation of wind and heat: exterior syndrome of wind and heat, onset of fever.
◇ Evacuating wind-heat: wind-heat exterior syndrome, first onset of fever ◇ calming liver yang: hyperactivity of liver yang.
◇ sore throat: wind-heat attack, sore throat. ◇ Clearing liver and improving eyesight: red eyes and dark eyes.
◇ Penetrating rash: measles, rubella ● Wind-heat attack
◆ Difference: ● Inflammation of liver fire
◇ mint: sweating at the same time, suitable for wind and heat without sweat. ● Deficiency of liver and kidney
● Li Qing leaders: headaches and red eyes. ◆ Difference:
● Soothing the liver and activating qi: stagnation of liver qi ◇ Mulberry leaves: strong evacuation of wind and heat.
● Note: Back waist. ● Clearing lung and moistening dryness: lung heat, dry heat and cough.
◇ Burdock: It can also disperse the lung and resolve phlegm, and is suitable for wind-heat expectoration and sore throat. ● Cooling blood to stop bleeding: vomiting due to blood heat.
● Detoxification and detumescence: sores, erysipelas, mumps and laryngitis. Chrysanthemum: Gan Ping and Qingganqiang.
● Cold and slippery: suitable for constipation caused by heat. ● Clearing heat and detoxifying: sores.
Caution: Use it with caution for patients with qi deficiency and loose stool. ● Variety:
◇ cicada slough: sweating is not as good as mint, and clearing heat is not as good as burdock ◇ Huang Juhua: good at dispersing wind and heat.
Good voice: sore throat, hoarse voice. ○ Baiju: Good at calming the liver and clearing the liver.
● Clear eyesight and retreat: the eyes are red and swollen, and the eyes are covered.
● Dispelling wind and relieving spasm: acute and slow convulsion and tetanus.
fructus viticis
Vitex negundo: pungent, bitter and slightly cold. It belongs to bladder meridian, liver meridian and stomach meridian.
◆ Efficacy application:
◇ Evacuate the wind and heat, and clear the leader.
● Wind-heat exterior syndrome, dizziness and headache
● Wind-heat, redness and swelling of the eyes.
Qing Yang does not rise, tinnitus and deafness.
Bupleurum, Cimicifuga, Radix Puerariae
Bupleurum chinense: bitter, pungent, slightly cold. Enter the liver and gallbladder meridian.
Cimicifuga: pungent, slightly sweet, slightly cold. Lung, spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians
Pueraria lobata: sweet, pungent and cool. Spleen and stomach meridian.
◆ * * * Similarities:
◇ publication: exterior syndrome, cold, wind and heat can be used.
◇ Rising Yang: Qing Yang does not rise.
● Bupleurum chinense and Cimicifuga foetida: Qi deficiency ascending to sinking, prolonged diarrhea and proctoptosis, and organ prolapse.
● Pueraria lobata: antidiarrheal → damp-heat diarrhea, spleen deficiency diarrhea.
◇ Cimicifuga, Radix Puerariae: penetrating rash → measles.
◆ Difference:
◇ Chaihu: It's good to clear half the exterior and half the interior, and shaoyang syndrome needs medicine. root of large-flowered skullcap
Low fever, malaria. High fever, malaria, colds and fever
● Shugan Jieyu: Liver depression and qi stagnation.
Cimicifuga:
● Clearing away heat and toxic materials: clearing stomach heat, toothache, aphtha, sore throat, dryness, warm toxin and spots.
◇ Pueraria lobata: relaxing muscles and tendons → exterior syndrome with neck and back pain.
● Promoting fluid production to quench thirst: fever and excessive drinking, yin deficiency and thirst.
Light fermented soybean
Light fermented soybean: bitter, pungent and cold. Enter the lung and stomach meridians.
◇ solution: exterior syndrome. Slow force, cold, wind and heat are all acceptable.
Declare the stagnation of heat and get rid of troubles: fever and boredom.
◇ Variety:
● Mulberry leaf and Artemisia annua fermentation: cold, wind and heat, fever and boredom.
● Fermentation of ephedra and perilla: warm in nature and cold in nature.
◇ Attachment: Yellow soybean roll (bean sprouts)
● Sweet, light and flat; Spleen and stomach meridian.
● Relieve exterior syndrome and dispel summer heat, clear away heat and promote diuresis: summer heat and dampness, wet temperature.
Duckweed equisetum
Duckweed: pungent and cool. Enter lung meridian and bladder meridian. Equisetum: Sweet, bitter and flat. Enter lung meridian and liver meridian.
◇ Sweating and relieving exterior syndrome: wind-cold and wind-heat exterior syndrome, no sweat. ◇ Evacuate wind and heat, improve eyesight and retreat: conjunctival congestion.
◇ Eruption and itching relief: measles and rubella ● Wind-heat attack ● Liver heat and red eyes.
◇ diuresis and detumescence: edema and urination are unfavorable. ◇ Hemostasis: Hemorrhage syndrome with weak strength.