1. Three visits to the thatched cottage (recommended) When Liu Beitun lived in Xinye, he knew that the reason for wasting half his life was that although Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and other valiant soldiers were around him, he did not make any suggestions.
when Liu Bei moved to Xinye, he knew that the reason for wasting half his life was that Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and other fierce generals were around him, but there were no strategists to make plans, so he behaved like a virtuous corporal and sought good help. On the recommendation of Si Mahui and Xu Shu, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei came to Longzhong, Xiangyang to visit Zhuge Liang.
When they first came to the cottage, Liang had gone out, and the three met Liang's good friend Cui Zhouping on their way back. A few days later, Liu, Guan and Zhang braved the wind and snow, taking care of the cottage. On the way, I met my good friends Shi Guangyuan and Meng Gongwei. Arriving at the thatched cottage, I saw Liang's brother Zhuge Jun, only to know that Liang had traveled, leaving a note to express his admiration. When I returned, I met Liang's father-in-law, Huang Chengyan, by the bridge under Longzhong Mountain. After a while, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei visited the cottage, which happened to be bright at home, but they didn't wake up during the day. Liu Bei told Guan and Zhang to wait outside the door, and they crept in and stood under the steps, handing them over. They didn't meet until they woke up. [Sangutang: Built in the 58th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (AD 1719), it is the memorial hall of Liu Bei's "Sangutang Maolu" and Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Dui". ]
After the battle between Longzhong and Guandu, Liu Bei fled to Jingzhou and defected to Liu Biao. Liu Biao allocated some troops to him and let him stay in Xinye (now Xinye County, Henan Province).
Liu Bei is an ambitious man. Because his ambition has not been realized, he is always unhappy. He wants to find a good assistant. He found out that there was a famous man named Si Mahui in Xiangyang, so he went to visit him specially.
Si Mahui said, "There are Wolong and Feng Chu in this area. If you can invite one of them, you can pacify the world." Si Mahui told Liu Bei: The name of Wolong is Zhuge Liang, and the word is Kongming; Feng Chu's name is Pang Tong.
Xu Shu is also a local celebrity, because he heard that Liu Bei was recruiting talents, he came to him specially. Liu Bei was very happy, so he left Xu Shu as a counselor under his command. Xu Shu said: "I have an old friend, Zhu Gekongming, who is called Wolong. Would the general like to meet him?" Liu Bei listened to Xu Shu's introduction and said: "Since you are so familiar with him, please come hard and invite him!" Xu Shu shook his head and said, "This can't be done. People like this must be invited by the general himself to show your sincerity. "
Liu Bei heard that Si Mahui and Xu Shu praised Zhuge Liang in this way. Knowing that Zhuge Liang must be a great talent, he took Guan Yu and Zhang Fei together to find Zhuge Liang in Longzhong. After three visits to the cottage, Zhuge Liang was finally moved by Liu Bei's sincerity and received Liu Bei in his own hut.
Zhuge Liang saw that Liu Bei was so open-minded to ask for advice, so he talked with Liu Bei heart to heart about his own ideas. He said: "Now Cao Cao has defeated Yuan Shao, with 1 million troops, and he is holding the son of heaven to give orders. We can't compete with him by force alone. Sun Quan has occupied Jiangdong area for three generations. Jiangdong has a dangerous terrain, and now the people have joined him, and a group of talented people are working for him. It seems that we can only unite with him and can't play his mind. "
Then, Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation of Jingzhou and Yizhou (now Sichuan, Yunnan and Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei and Guizhou), and thought that Jingzhou was a military important place, but Liu Biao could not keep this place. Yizhou has a fertile and vast land, which has always been called "Land of Abundance", but Liu Zhang, the owner there, is also a weak and incompetent person, and everyone is not satisfied with him.
Finally, he said, "The general is a descendant of the royal family and is famous all over the world. If you can occupy the places of Jingzhou and Yizhou, unite with Sun Quan and rectify the internal affairs at home, you can attack Cao Cao from Jingzhou and Yizhou once you have the opportunity. By then, who doesn't welcome the general? In this way, the achievements can be achieved and the Han Dynasty can be restored. "
after listening to Zhuge Liang's incisive and thorough analysis, Liu Bei's thoughts were suddenly enlightened. He felt that Zhuge Liang's talents were rare, so he earnestly asked Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain and help him complete the great cause of rejuvenating the Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang went out to assist Liu Bei.
Later, people called it "three visits to the thatched cottage" and Zhuge Liang's talk "Long Zhong Dui". (It's hard to determine whether it is Xiangyang Longzhong or Nanyang)
Wuzhangyuan
Wuzhangyuan is located in Qishan County, Baoji City, 13 kilometers east of Xi 'an, 56 kilometers west of Baoji and 25 kilometers north of Qishan County. It is more than 2 meters high and covers an area of about 12 square kilometers. Wuzhangyuan is adjacent to Qipanshan Mountain in the south and Weihe River in the north. The situation is dangerous. During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang stationed troops in Wuzhangyuan against Sima Yi, and later died of overwork, which made Wuzhangyuan famous in the world. It was Zhuge Liang's last battlefield during the Three Kingdoms period.
in a.d. 234, Zhuge Liang led his troops from Hanzhong, crossed the Qinling Mountains and entered Wuzhangyuan. I'm new here, and I'm short of food and grass. I'll settle the field first and train, and wait for Wei. Sima Yi, the general of Wei, knew Zhuge Liang's clever plan and stuck to it on the north bank of Weihe River, afraid to send troops rashly. The two sides were at loggerheads in Wuzhangyuan for a hundred days without fighting. Zhuge Liang had to lure Wei Bing into Hulugou to fight, and set fire to break Taniguchi, in order to defeat Wei Sima Yi unexpectedly, and Wei Jun survived. In the autumn of the same year, Zhuge Liang died in the army, and the Shu army was defeated. When Sima Yi entered the place where Zhuge Liang commanded the battle, he saw the danger of the Shu army's position and exclaimed, "The genius in the world is also." Later generations built a temple here in memory of Zhuge Liang.
according to local folklore, when Zhuge Liang died, a star fell from the sky, so it was named. In the place where Zhuge Liang wasteland, people "Zhuge Tian". In those days, there were remnants of a half-meter-high city wall where Zhuge Liang set up a military tent to direct operations, which was about 25 meters long from north to south and nearly 1 meters wide from east to west. The local people named this small castle "Lost in the City". On the south side of the city of Huoluo, there is a flat stone with chessboard lines on it. It is said that Zhuge Liang played chess here in those days, so this mountain was named Qipanshan. In the soil of Wuzhangyuan, many "Zhuge pots" have been found, and the script of official script of Han Dynasty is cast on the iron pot. The five plains are now a farmland, and tourists always want to find the remains and rumors of the ancient battlefield. There is a river bend in the middle of the farmland, which is called Luoxing Bay locally, and the village in the bay is called Luoxingbao.
There is Zhuge Liang Temple at the northern end of Wuzhangyuan, which was founded in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are pictures of stories of the Three Kingdoms on both sides of the memorial hall in the shrine, such as Gu Chenghui, Empty City Plan and Lu Bu in the Third World War. There are 4 bluestones embedded under the mural, and the stone carving Yue Fei's calligraphy "The Teacher's Watch" is vigorous and powerful. In front of the stone, there is a stone inscription by Zhu Yuanzhang, the great ancestor of Ming Dynasty, praising Yue Fei: "Pure and unpretentious, writing is like a person". (It's hard to say whether it's Xiangyang Longzhong or Nanyang.)
Eat melons and keep seeds
Zhuge Liang can not only grow good crops, but also grow watermelons with one hand. There used to be such a rule in Xiangyang area: when you enter the watermelon garden, you can eat enough melons, but you can't take them away. Legend has it that this "rule" was also asked by Ge Liang to stay.
The watermelon planted by Zhuge Liang is big, sweet and sour. Anyone who comes to Longzhong as a guest and passes by should go to Guayuan to eat their fill. The old farmers around him came to learn from him the experience of planting melons, and he told them unreservedly that melons should be planted on sandy soil with sesame cakes or sesame oil. Many people came to ask him for watermelon seeds, because they didn't pay attention to keeping melon seeds before, so many people had to go home disappointed. The next year, the watermelon garden opened again. He put a sign in the field, which read: "Eat the melon well, leave the melon seeds."
Zhuge Liang cleaned and dried the melon seeds and distributed them to the nearby melon farmers. At present, the watermelons in Jiajiahu, Changfeng and Xiaofanzhou on the sandy land on both sides of the Hanshui River are still famous, which are big, thin and sweet. Some places still abide by the old rule of "eat melons and keep seeds".
It's impossible to prove whether it's true or not to save future generations by ingenious calculation. Judging from the records, it's still possible.
According to legend, Zhuge Liang said to his descendants before he died, "After I die, one of you will be killed in the future. At that time, you have demolished the house and there is a paper bag inside the wall. There is a remedy. "
After Zhuge Liang's death, Sima became emperor. He learned that a general in the imperial court was a descendant of Zhuge Liang, and he wanted to treat him. One day, Sima made an excuse and condemned the general to death. In the golden palace, Sima asked, "What did your grandfather say before he died?" The general told him Zhuge Liang's words in detail. Sima , after hearing this, ordered the soldiers to tear down the house and take out the paper bag. I saw a letter in the paper bag, which read "Open in case of emperor". The soldiers handed the letter to , and opened it, only to find that it said, "Go back three steps after the visit." immediately stand up and take three steps back. As soon as he stood firm, he heard a "click" sound, and a jade fell from the roof directly above the dragon case. Smash the tables and chairs to pieces. scared out in a cold sweat. On the other hand, look at the back of the letter and write, "I saved your life, please keep my descendants alive." After reading this letter, I secretly admire Zhuge Liang's ingenuity. Later, he reinstated the general
Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes
In the drama and pictures, Zhuge Liang was dressed in gossip clothes, strategizing and winning a thousand miles. According to folklore, Zhuge Liang's gossip clothes were given by his diligent and studious wife.
When Zhuge Liang was a teenager, he studied under Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror. Zhuge Liang studied hard and used his brain diligently. Not only did Sima Decao appreciate him, but even his wife valued him very much, and they all liked this studious boy who was good at using his brain. At that time, there were no clocks and watches, and the sundial was used to record time. There was no sun on rainy days. Time is not easy to grasp. In order to keep track of time, Si Mahui trained roosters to crow on time by feeding them regularly. Zhuge Liang is gifted and intelligent. When Mr. Sima speaks something, he will know it in as one pleases, and he will not understand his thirst for knowledge. In order to learn more, he wanted Mr. Wang to extend the lecture time, but Mr. Wang always relied on the cock crow, so Zhuge Liang thought: If the cock crow time is extended, Mr. Wang's lecture time will be extended. So he took some food in his pocket when he went to school. It is estimated that when the chicken is about to crow, he will feed it some food, and the chicken will not crow when it is full.
After some time, Mr. Sima wondered why the chicken didn't crow on time. After careful observation, he found that Zhuge Liang was feeding the chicken when it was crowing. When Mr Sima was in class, he asked the students why the chicken didn't crow on time, and all the other students were puzzled. Zhuge Liang knew it in his heart, but he was an honest man, so he truthfully reported to Mr. Sima about feeding the chicken when it was crowing to extend the teacher's teaching time. Mr. Sima was so angry that he burned his book on the spot and wouldn't let him continue studying. Zhuge Liang was eager to study, so he couldn't learn, but he couldn't force it, so he went to ask Mrs. Sima. Sima Fu deeply sympathized with the punishment for asking Ge Liang to feed the chickens to study, so he interceded with Mr. Sima. Mr. Sima said: "At an early age, you don't work hard on your homework, but you make your mind deceive your teacher." This is a bad intention, and this person can't be big. " Mrs. Sima repeatedly interceded for Zhuge Liang, saying that although he was a little careful at his early age, he always wanted to learn more and had no other plans. After listening to this, Mr. Sima felt reasonable and agreed that Zhuge Liang would continue his studies.
Mr. Sima burned Zhuge Liang's book in a rage, and after being persuaded by his wife, he agreed that Zhuge Liang would continue to study. How can you read a book without it? Madam said to Mr. Sima, "You have a thousand-year-old tortoise's back shell, and the legend is put on your body, which can make people know the past for a thousand years and know the future for five hundred years. You might as well let Zhuge Liang have a try. If it works, what do you want the book to do?" Mr. Sima thought that the book had been burned, so he had to do as Madam said.
Zhuge Liang put the turtle's back shell on his body, which became his life-long costume-Bagua clothes. What he learned in the past is vivid in his mind, and he can understand something without telling me.
Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan
Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan represents wisdom and talent, so in Zhuge Liang's operas, Kong Ming always holds the goose feather fan in his hand.
With regard to goose feather fans, there is a folk story that darling daughter Huang Yueying of Huang Chengyan is not ugly, but a very smart, beautiful and talented girl. Huang Chengyan was afraid that promising young people were blind to Jingshan jade, so she called her daughter "Ah Chou". Ah Ch 'ou Huang Yueying not only writes eloquently, but also excels in martial arts. She once studied under a famous teacher. When Yicheng went down the mountain, the master gave her a goose feather fan and wrote the words "bright" and "bright". There are also many tricks in the word to attack the city and run the country. And told her that the one with the word bright in his name is your Mr. Right. Later, Huang Chengyan's son-in-law was Zhuge Liang, the future prime minister of Shu, who knew that there were "Ming" and "Liang" in the name of the world before he left Longzhong. When they got married, Huang Yueying gave Zhuge Liang a goose feather fan as a gift. Kong Ming's love for goose feather fans is like the apple of his eye. In doing so, he not only expressed their sincere love between husband and wife, but also skillfully used the strategy on the fan. Therefore, regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter, I always keep my hands on the fan.
During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Hongen, the observer of Xiangyang, wrote in Zhuge Caolu Poem: "Fan shakes the tripod with three points of the moon, and the stone is dark and cloudy, and eight arrays of pictures", which is enough to prove the function of Zhuge Liang's goose feather fan in his hand and the reason why he never leaves the fan.
The Wuhou Temple in Nanyang also has a saying of "three visits to the thatched cottage", which is hard to determine. You can watch it.
Zhuge Liang's
I made it clear that the first emperor had not started his business, but the middle road collapsed; The next three points today, Yizhou is exhausted, and this is a critical autumn. However, the minister of the guards is unremitting; Loyal people, those who forget to be outside: Gai Zhui's special encounter with the late emperor wants to report it to your majesty. Sincerely, it is advisable to open a holy hearing, with the light of the first emperor's legacy and the spirit of grand people; It is not appropriate to belittle yourself, to cite nonsense, and to block the way of loyalty and remonstrance. In the palace, everything is an organic whole; It is not suitable for similarities and differences to punish and deny: if you are a traitor and a loyal and kind person, you should pay a secretary to discuss his punishment and reward, so as to show your majesty the rule of justice; It is not advisable to be selfish, so that the internal and external methods are different. Shi Zhong, assistant minister Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun, etc., all of them are good and honest, and they are loyal and pure. They are based on the simple selection of the first emperor to leave your majesty: fools think that things in the palace, no matter how big or small, should be consulted, and then they will be implemented, which will surely make up the gaps and make a wide profit. Xiang Chong, a general, has a good personality and a smooth military style. He tried it in the past. The first emperor called it "Neng", which is based on the discussion of many people. He thinks that no matter what happens in the camp, no matter how big or small it is, he will be able to make the battle line and Mu, and both advantages and disadvantages will be achieved. Pro-sages, far villains, this first Han is so prosperous; Dear villain, far from being a virtuous minister, since then the Han dynasty has been so depressed. When the first emperor was around, every time I talked to the minister about this matter, I always sighed and hated Yu Huan and Ling Ye! Shi Zhong, Shang Shu, Chang Shi, joined the army. I know that I am also a minister of Zhenliang's death festival. I hope that your majesty will kiss and believe it, so the Han Dynasty will be prosperous and you can wait for it.
I was dressed in cloth and devoted myself to Nanyang. I risked my life in troubled times and didn't want Wen Da to be a vassal. The first emperor didn't treat his ministers with meanness, and his allegations were self-defeating. He took care of his ministers in the thatched cottage, and consulted his ministers for contemporary affairs, so he was grateful, so he promised the first emperor to drive him away. After the value was overturned, when I was appointed to the defeated army, I was ordered to be in danger: I have been here for twenty years. The first emperor knew that I was cautious, so I was sent to the minister in the event of collapse. Since he was appointed, he has been worried all night, fearing that the entrustment will not work, so as to hurt the understanding of the first emperor; Therefore, crossing the Luzhou River in May is barren. Today, the south has been decided, and the armour is enough. When the three armies are rewarded and commanded, the central plains will be determined in the north, and the Han Dynasty will be revived and restored. This minister is therefore loyal to his majesty and the first emperor. As for the consideration of profit and loss, if you are faithful to your words, you will be responsible for it, relying on it and allowing it. May your majesty entrust the minister with the effect of reviving the thief, and if it doesn't work, he will punish the minister's sin to tell the spirit of the first emperor; If there is no word of revival, blame it, rely on it, allow it, etc. to show its slowness. Your majesty should also seek help for himself, so as to consult the good way and examine it.