September 18, "September 1st" is written on the calendar. What festival is it?
August 15th of the lunar calendar is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival. This is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. In the China lunar calendar, a year is divided into four seasons, and each season is divided into three parts: Meng, Zhong and He, so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the Mid-Autumn Festival. The moon on August 15 is rounder and brighter than the full moon in other months, so it is also called "moonlit night" and "August Festival". On this night, people look up at the bright moon in the sky as jade, and naturally look forward to family reunion. Wanderers who are far away from home also take this opportunity to pin their thoughts on their hometown and relatives. Therefore, Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Reunion Festival". In ancient times, the people of our country had the custom of "autumn dusk and evening moon". The moon at night is to worship the moon god. In the Zhou Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was held every year to welcome the cold and offer sacrifices to the moon. Set up a big incense table and offer sacrifices such as moon cakes, watermelons, apples, red dates, plums and grapes, among which moon cakes and watermelons are absolutely indispensable. Watermelon must be cut into lotus shapes. Under the moon, put the moon statue in the direction of the moon, and the red candle burns high. The whole family takes turns in Yue Bai, and then the housewife cuts the reunion moon cakes. Those who chop should calculate in advance how many people there are in the whole family, including those from home and those from other places. They should not be cut more or less, they should be the same size. According to legend, the ugly women in ancient Qi had no salt. When she was young, she was very devout to Yue Bai. When she grew up, she entered the palace with superior moral character, but she was not favored. Seeing the moon on August 15, the son of heaven saw her in the moonlight and thought she was beautiful and outstanding. Later, he made her queen, and Yue Bai came from the Mid-Autumn Festival. In the middle of the moon, Chang 'e is famous for her beauty, so Yue Bai, a young girl, hopes to be "like Chang 'e, and her face is like the bright moon". In the Tang dynasty, it was quite popular to enjoy the moon and play with it on the Mid-Autumn Festival. During the Northern Song Dynasty. On the evening of August 15, the people of the whole city, rich and poor, old and young, put on adult costumes, burned incense to express their wishes to Yue Bai and prayed for the blessing of the Moon God. In the Southern Song Dynasty, people gave mooncakes to each other, which meant reunion. There are some activities in some places, such as dancing grass dragons and building pagodas. Since Ming and Qing Dynasties, the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival has become more popular. Many places have formed special customs such as burning incense, planting Mid-Autumn trees, lighting tower lanterns, putting sky lanterns, walking on the moon and dancing dragons. Nowadays, the custom of playing under the moon is far from prevailing in the past. However, feasting and enjoying the moon are still very popular. People drink and pray for the moon to celebrate a better life, or wish their distant relatives health and happiness and "live a better life together" with their families. There are many customs and forms of Mid-Autumn Festival, but all of them are entrusted with people's infinite love for life and yearning for a better life. The origin and legend of Mid-Autumn Festival: Mid-Autumn Festival has a long history, which, like other traditional festivals, develops slowly. The ancient emperors had a ritual system of offering sacrifices to the sun and the moon in spring and the sun and the moon in autumn. As early as Zhou Li, the word "Mid-Autumn Festival" was recorded. Later, nobles and scholars followed suit. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, they watch and worship the bright and round moon in the sky to express their feelings. This custom spread to the people and formed a traditional activity. Until the Tang Dynasty, people paid more attention to this custom of offering sacrifices to the moon, and the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival. The Book of Emperor Taizong recorded the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15, which was very popular in the Song Dynasty. The legend of Mid-Autumn Festival is very rich, and fairy tales such as the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, Wu Gang cutting Guangxi and Jade Rabbit smashing medicine are widely circulated. According to the legend in the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon, one of the legends of Mid-Autumn Festival, in ancient times, there were ten days in the sky at the same time, which scorched crops and made people miserable. A hero named Hou Yi has infinite power. He sympathized with the suffering people, climbed to the top of Kunlun Mountain, made full use of his divine power, opened a bow, shot down more than nine suns in one breath, and ordered the last one to rise and fall on time for the benefit of the people. Hou Yi was respected and loved by the people. He married a beautiful and kind wife named Chang 'e. Besides hunting, Hou Yi spends all his time with his wife, and people envy this beautiful and loving couple. Many people with lofty ideals came here to study, and Meng Peng with ulterior motives joined in. One day, Hou Yi went to Kunlun Mountain to visit friends and seek truth. He happened to meet the Queen Mother passing by and asked her for a bag of elixir. It is said that taking this medicine can immediately ascend to heaven and become immortal. However, Hou Yi couldn't bear to leave his wife, so he had to temporarily give the elixir to Chang 'e. Chang 'e hid the medicine in the treasure box of the dresser, but the villain Meng Peng saw it. He wants to steal the elixir to make himself immortal. Three days later, Hou Yi led his entourage out hunting, and Meng Peng with ulterior motives pretended to be ill and stayed. Shortly after Hou Yi led the crowd to leave, Meng Peng broke into the backyard of the Inner Hall with a sword and threatened Chang 'e to hand over the elixir. Chang 'e knew that she was no match for Meng Peng. She kept calm in the face of crisis, made a decisive decision, turned around and opened the treasure box, took out the elixir of life and swallowed it in one gulp. Chang 'e immediately floated off the ground after swallowing the medicine and rushed out of the window to fly into the sky. Because Chang 'e cared about her husband, she flew to the nearest moon and became a fairy. In the evening, when Hou Yi came home, the maids cried and told what happened during the day. Hou Yi was surprised and angry, so he drew his sword and killed it. Meng Peng escaped early. Angry and sad, Hou Yi looked up at the night sky and called out the name of his beloved wife. At this time, he was surprised to find that today's moon is particularly bright and bright, and there is a figure swaying like Chang 'e. He desperately chased the moon, but he chased it three times, the moon retreated three times, he retreated three times, and the moon advanced three times, but he couldn't catch up. Hou Yi was helpless and missed his wife very much, so he had to send someone to Chang 'e's favorite back garden to put on a case and put on her favorite honey and fresh fruit to offer a sacrifice to Chang 'e at the Moon Palace. After hearing the news that the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon became an immortal, people made an incense table under the moon and prayed for good luck and peace to the kind Chang 'e. Since then, the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival in Yue Bai has spread among the people. The second legend of the Mid-Autumn Festival-WU GANG Zhegui There is another legend about the Mid-Autumn Festival: It is said that the osmanthus tree in front of the Guanghan Palace on the moon grows luxuriantly, and the height is over 500 feet. A person below often cuts it down, but after each cutting, the cut place is closed immediately. For thousands of years, this laurel will never be cut down. It is said that this tree cutter named WU GANG was a native of Xihe in Han Dynasty. He once went to heaven with the immortal, but when he made a mistake, the immortal demoted him to the Moon Palace and did this futile chore every day as a punishment. In Li Bai's poem, there is such a record: "If you want to be in the middle of the month, you will pay for the cold." The third legend of Mid-Autumn Festival-Zhu Yuanzhang and the Moon Cake Uprising It is said that eating moon cakes in Mid-Autumn Festival began in Yuan Dynasty. At that time, the broad masses of the people in the Central Plains could not bear the cruel rule of the ruling class in the Yuan Dynasty and rose up against the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang combined with various resistance forces to prepare for the uprising. However, the officers and men of the court searched very carefully and it was difficult to pass on the news. Liu Bowen, a military adviser, came up with a plan and ordered his subordinates to hide a note with the words "Uprising on the evening of August 15th" in the cake, and then sent people to the uprising troops in various places to inform them to respond to the uprising on the evening of August 15th. On the day of the uprising, all the rebels responded together, such as a single spark can start a prairie fire. Soon, Xu Da captured the Yuan Dynasty and the uprising was successful. When the news came, Zhu Yuanzhang was very happy. He quickly gave a message that all soldiers would be happy with the people in the upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival, and he would give the "moon cakes" secretly sent when the battle began that year to his ministers as seasonal cakes. Since then, the production of "moon cakes" has become more and more elaborate, with more and more varieties, such as disc shapes, and has become a good gift. After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the custom of eating moon cakes spread among the people.
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