In July, the four planets of Jin Mu's soil and water staged a good show to cover the sun.
On July 10, that is, the astronomical calendar in July, Venus reaches its brightest. On July 17, Venus and another bright red star staged a "Double Star Accompanying the Moon". On July 14 -2 1 day, just before dawn, Jupiter and Saturn "hand in hand" rushed to the sun. On July 22nd, Mercury once again faced the west and appeared in the eastern low altitude before sunrise.
In July, four water and earth planets in Jin Mu staged a celestial drama, which changed from a dim star to a morning star. The best observation time of Venus reaches its brightest at the beginning of the month: July 10. Recommended index: Venus is very close to us, and its surface is covered by a dense atmosphere with high albedo, so it is the brightest planet in most cases. From June 5438 to May this year, Venus was the star of dusk and appeared in the western sky after sunset. It was easy to attract people's attention during that time. On June 4th, Venus became the morning star, and soon pulled away from the sun. Arrived in the southeast sky before sunrise in July, and the observation conditions were good. On July 10, Venus will reach its maximum brightness when it appears on the west side of the sun, and its apparent magnitude is -4.7. The horizon height at sunrise will reach 27. Venus can be seen from about 2:30 am to 4:00 am. At this time, the sunrise time in the mid-latitude area of the northern hemisphere is very early. Even though Venus is very bright, it is difficult for anyone to notice it. On 12, Venus will approach another bright red star, Aldebaran, and its angle with the nearest star is only 1 degree. However, as the alpha star of Taurus, the brightness of Aldebaran is only about 1, which is less than that of Venus 1%. On 17, the waning moon in July of the lunar calendar will also come to this celestial sphere and stage a binary star with the moon.
Light and darkness alternate, and Jupiter and Saturn "go hand in hand" toward the sun. The best observation time: July 14-July 2 1 day. Recommended index: Besides Venus, another bright planet in the sky is Jupiter. It is much farther away from us than Venus, which was more than 600 million kilometers away when it hit the sun, but its brightness can usually reach above -2.7. People have paid attention to Jupiter for a long time, and found that it orbits the celestial sphere about 12 years relative to the background star. In ancient China, it was called "Old Star". Jupiter is moving in Sagittarius this year, and Jupiter can be seen all night during the solar peak on July 14. During this solar storm, Jupiter was about 620 million kilometers away from the earth, with an apparent diameter of 48 seconds and a brightness of -2.7. In the past two years, Jupiter has been rushing towards the sun in summer. Because of its low declination, it is not suitable for observation in the northern hemisphere. Compared with previous years, this year's Jupiter solar eclipse is still a little different, with a "little brother" next to it, that is Saturn, which is about to have a solar eclipse. As a giant gas planet, Saturn is much darker than Jupiter, and its brightness is only 0. 1 when it hits the sun on July 2 1. Because the declination is also very low, the observation conditions of Saturn are not ideal for us during this solar peak. But Saturn is not more worrying than Jupiter, because it has a wide and beautiful light ring. Saturn's most striking thing is its halo. Although it is wide, it is very thin. If the torus is parallel to our sight, it will almost "disappear" from our sight. The inclination of the halo is closely related to the brightness of Saturn that we can see, and its change period is the same as that of its period of revolution. That is to say, in 29.5 years, we can see two maximum dip angles and two "disappearing" torus "rising" and "falling". At present, it is in the process of reducing the visible torus, and it will completely disappear around 2025. So now we can still see a big torus when we observe Saturn. In 2022, there is a celestial phenomenon that can run through the whole year, that is, Jupiter is accompanied by Saturn. Saturn's period of revolution is longer than Jupiter's and moves more slowly on the celestial sphere. Jupiter has been chasing Saturn for almost a whole year and will coincide with Saturn at the end of the year. In July, they rushed to the sun at an angular distance of less than 7.
Mercury also faces west, appearing in the eastern low altitude before sunrise. Best observation time: July 22nd. Recommended index: Mercury is very close to the sun in most cases and is often submerged by its brilliance, so it is the rarest among the planets. July 22nd is the fourth longest distance of Mercury this year and the second longest distance to the west. At this time, Mercury runs in Gemini, although the angular distance from the sun is only 20, but the declination is slightly higher than the sun. Take the area of 40 north latitude as an example. At sunrise that day, the horizon height of Mercury can reach 15. If the atmospheric transparency is good, we can find its trace in the eastern low air about one hour before sunrise. At this time, the brightness of Mercury is about 0.3. It is easily confused with Betelgeuse and Capella. It is near this sky area, so pay special attention when observing.