? Distribution and cultivation history of panax notoginseng
The planting of Panax notoginseng began after the ancients discovered its efficacy. After discovering and understanding the efficacy of wild panax notoginseng, the ancients began to use it to treat diseases, and it spread outward day by day, resulting in insufficient supply of wild resources. At the same time, for the convenience of collection. The ancient people moved to families and species, which was the beginning of artificial domestication and cultivation of Panax notoginseng. Because of its precious and unique efficacy, Panax notoginseng changed from wild to artificial cultivation earlier than most Chinese herbal medicines.
The most accurate written record of artificial cultivation of Panax notoginseng in history began with the book Textual Research on Plant Names and Facts written by Wu, Governor of Yunnan Province in Qing Dynasty. It is recorded in the book: "The stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng are afraid of the sun and rain, and the toast benefits them and cultivates them diligently ... all plants are planted, not wild flowers. 」
At present, it is recognized that Wenshan has a planting history of not less than 400 years, and more than 95% of Panax notoginseng is produced in Wenshan, which is the main producing area and origin of Panax notoginseng. This is determined by Wenshan's unique geographical location and light, heat, water, soil and gas conditions.
Besides Yunnan and Guangxi, Notoginseng has also been introduced and cultivated in Guangdong, Sichuan, Hunan, Guizhou, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei and Zhejiang. However, due to the poor adaptability of Panax notoginseng, it can survive in the introduction area of Panax notoginseng, but its yield is low, its quality is poor and it has no cultivation value. At present, the cultivation of Panax notoginseng is mainly concentrated in Wenshan.
Panax notoginseng has formed biological characteristics of poor adaptability to environmental conditions in the long-term evolution process. At present, Panax Notoginseng is only distributed in the southwest of China, at the middle and high altitude (about 1.800 meters) near the Tropic of Cancer, that is, a few areas in Wenshan and surrounding areas are suitable for the growth of Panax Notoginseng. Panax notoginseng requires extremely high environmental conditions, is not resistant to cold and heat, and prefers a semi-cloudy and semi-humid ecological environment. 80% of the most suitable planting areas for Panax notoginseng are concentrated in Wenshan County, Yanshan County, Maguan County, Guangnan County, Xichou County and Qiubei County.
Planting period: generally 3 years.