Characteristics of the seventh grade cicada
Cicada (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) is a medium and large insect with about 1, 500 species. Body length 2? 5 cm (0.8? 2 inches), with two pairs of membranous wings, prominent compound eyes and three monocular eyes. There are two species of Cicadellidae, commonly known as Cicadellidae, which are only distributed in southern Australia, including Tasmania. The male cicada has an eardrum near the base of the abdomen, which can make a loud sound when vibrating the membrane. Most North American cicadas make rhythmic ticking or purring, but some kinds of cicadas have beautiful sounds. Eggs are usually produced in woody tissues, and nymphs burrow into the ground as soon as they hatch, sucking the juice from the roots of perennial plants. Generally, after molting for 5 times, it takes several years to mature. Cicada is not a pest, but when the number of female insects is large, the oviposition behavior will cause harm to saplings.
A newborn adult cicada.
It is mainly distributed in tropical areas and inhabits deserts, grasslands and forests. In addition to the three-volt cicada that appears every summer, there are also periodic cicadas. The most famous periodic cicadas are 17 cicadas and 13 cicadas, which occur at regular intervals in a certain area.
Some species are easy to distinguish in singing, behavior and morphology. The male cicadas of each species make three different songs: collective songs, which are regulated by daily weather changes and the songs of other male cicadas; Courtship before mating; The harsh sound made when caught or afraid to fly away.
Commonly known as "cicada". Insects, Homoptera, Cicada. Most people live in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions, with few cold zones. The larval stage of cicada is called cicada monkey, cicada monkey or cicada turtle. The largest cicada is 4 ~ 4.8 cm long and its wings are dark brown at the base. It is harmful for trees to crow loudly in summer, and it is harmful for trees to suck tree juice with acupuncture mouthparts. Larvae inhabit the soil to suck root juice. The shell of cicada can be used as medicine.
Cicada is a large herbivorous insect, usually about four or five centimeters long. Their needle-like hollow mouths can pierce trees and suck sap. There are also different kinds of cicadas with similar shapes and different colors. Cicada has three less sensitive eye spots between its eyes and a simple supporting tubule on its wings. These are the primitive characteristics of ancient insect populations.
The high note in the cicada family is a cicada called "double drummer". There are large ring-shaped vocal organs on both sides of its body, and a disk that can be opened and closed inside and outside is in the middle of its body. The opening and closing speed of the disc is very fast, which is the reason for shaking cicada. This sound lacks change, but it is much louder than the call of the jungle canary.
Cicadas spend the first two or three years of their lives underground, maybe longer. In the meantime, it sucks liquid from the roots. Then one day, I broke out of the ground and found a tree to climb with my instinct to survive. After several years of slow growth, cicada pupa climbed out of the ground as an energy storage body. Its front paws for digging holes can also be used for climbing.
The specific process of cicada molting
When black cracks appear on the back of cicada pupa, the molting process begins. Molting is controlled by hormones. The front legs of the cicada pupa are hooked, so that when the adult comes out of the empty shell, it can be firmly hung on the tree. It is very important that the cicada pupa must face the tree vertically. This is for the normal development of adult wings, otherwise the wings will be deformed. Cicada, based on the pupa shell, slowly releases itself, just like climbing out of a pair of armor. The whole process takes about an hour.
When the cicada's upper body is free, it spreads its wings upside down. At this stage, cicadas' wings are very soft, and they spread their wings through body fluid tubes. The body fluid tube spreads its wings by the pressure of liquid. When the liquid is pumped back into the cicada, the spread wings have become hard. If the cicada is disturbed in the process of spreading its wings, it will be disabled for life and may not be able to fly at all.
Edit this paragraph of cicada interest
Since ancient times, people have been most interested in the singing of cicadas. It is praised by poets and poets, and expresses noble feelings with the sound of chanting cicadas. What's more, some people keep cicadas in small and exquisite cages and put them in their rooms to listen to their voices to win people's hearts. Indeed, from the spring when flowers are in full bloom to the autumn when green leaves are withered, cicadas have been tirelessly singing a brisk cicada song for people without any Chinese and western musical instruments, adding a deep affection to nature. No wonder people call them "insect musicians" and "singers of nature".
People are intoxicated by the cicada's song, but forget its nature. Do you know that whenever cicadas fall on the branches and sing loudly, they pierce the bark with slender mouthparts and suck the sap of trees, all kinds of thirsty ants, flies, beetles and so on. Will hear the sound to suck the tree juice, cicadas will fly to another tree, open another "spring eye" to continue to provide them with drinks, so if a tree. It can be seen that cicadas are big pests of trees.
The humming cicada is a male cicada, and its vocal organ is located at the base of the abdomen, like a drum, which is covered with an eardrum. The eardrum vibrates and makes a sound. Because the vocal cord muscles can expand and contract about 65,438+0,000 times per second, and the gap between the cover plate and the eardrum can play a role of * * *, its singing is particularly loud. And you can take turns singing in different tones. The female cicada is a "dumb cicada" because her musical instrument structure is incomplete and she can't make a sound.
The male cicada keeps singing every day to lure the female cicada to mate. To the female cicada, the male cicada sounds like a wonderful music. After mating and fertilization, the female cicada pricks a row of small holes in the branches with a sword-shaped ovipositor and lays her eggs in the small holes. A few weeks later, both male and female cicadas died.
Why do male cicadas bark? It turns out that the two small disks on the cicada's stomach are called sound masks, and there is a transparent membrane inside the sound masks, called valves. It's actually the sound of the valve. People use a megaphone to amplify the sound, and the sound shield is equivalent to the cicada's megaphone contracting back and forth to amplify the sound, and it will make a sound of "knowing-knowing-knowing-knowing-knowing", which will be called a male cicada, so there is no sound shield and valve on the female cicada's stomach.
The larvae hatch from the eggs and stay on the branches. Autumn wind blows them to the ground. As soon as they reach the ground, they immediately find soft soil to drill down to the edge of the roots and suck the sap of the roots for a living. At least two or three years, more than ten years, from larva to adult, you have to shed your skin five times, four of which are underground, and the last time you climb out of the soil and climb into a tree to shed the dry yellowish shell (this is the shell of cicada). It can be seen that cicada is an insect that can't see the light. Although they live for a long time, they rarely live in the sun and spend almost all their lives in the dark underground. I'm sorry.
On a cool summer night, cicadas are chirping in the trees. If you attack it at this time, there will often be a liquid similar to sewage overflowing from the leaves, which is cicada urine. Cicada's food is mainly the sap of trees. Cicada's mouth is like a hard tube. It sticks its mouth into the trunk, sucks the juice all day long, and sucks a lot of nutrients and water into the body to prolong its life. When it encounters an attack, it quickly discharges the waste liquid stored in the body to reduce the weight of take-off and play a role in self-defense. Cicada's excrement is different from other insects. Its excrement is stored in the rectal sac, and it can be excreted at any time in an emergency.
Cicada has two pairs of membranous wings with very hard veins. When cicadas rest, their wings always cover their backs. Cicada rarely flies freely, and only flies from tree to tree when it is foraging or disturbed. Interestingly, cicadas can suck juice through straws and sing with musical instruments at the same time. Eating and singing do not interfere with each other. The chirping of cicadas can predict the weather. If the cicada chirps loudly in the treetops early, it will tell people that it is very hot today.
Edit the related fabrics in this paragraph.
An ancient thin silk fabric, named after it is as thin as a cicada. "Urgent Articles" Volume II: "Involved in practicing vegetarian cicadas." There are all kinds of cicada yarns.
Edit the medicinal value of this paragraph.
Cicada, also known as cicada, lives in Insecta, Homoptera and Cicadae. Cicada, whose skin is called cicada slough, is rich in chitin, isomorphism and adenosine triphosphatase, and is often used to treat exogenous wind-heat and cough hoarseness. Sore throat. Rubella itching, conjunctival congestion, tetanus, convulsion, night crying, etc. According to China Pharmacology, it also helps to strengthen yang, quench thirst, promote fluid production, protect lung and kidney, resist bacteria and lower blood pressure, treat alopecia and inhibit diseases.
Nutritional value of cicada;
Cicada monkeys are cold and delicious, and have the functions of dispersing wind, dispersing lung, relieving fever and relieving convulsion. Cicada monkeys are rich in nutrition and delicious, which is a fashionable delicacy.
Cicada is rich in nutrition, with a dry protein content of over 70% and a fat content of about 7%. Its vitamins and various beneficial trace elements are higher than those of ordinary meat food, so it can be called the king of protein in today's food.
Edit cicada species in this paragraph.
Grasshoppers, cormorants, cicadas, etc.
Edit the related nursery rhymes in this paragraph.
Knowing is virtuous. The ancients thought that cicada eating wind and drinking dew was a symbol of nobility, so the ancients often used cicada's nobility to express its noble character. "Tang Poetry" says: "Every time a cicada sings its voice, it respects its nature alone." Because cicadas live on high branches, eat wind and sleep outdoors, and don't eat fireworks, so their moral character belongs to lofty type. A political prisoner is listening to Luo's Cicada: "Who knows if he is still singing?" Li Shangyin's Cicada: I am pure in mind, so I long to live a pure life like you. Wang's Qi Tianle: "I am noble and I am in pain." Yu Shinan's Cicada: "It is not the autumn wind that makes you aloof." They all use cicadas as a metaphor for noble morality.
cicada
-Li Shangyin
The pure heart is hungry because of this, and you sing in vain all night.
Oh, this last broken breath, in the green indifferent trees! .
Yes, I am like a driftwood. I have made my garden full of weeds.
I thank you for your sincere advice and live a pure life like you.
The first two sentences are about cicada's singing, and the last four sentences are about cicada's silence: "among the green indifferent trees!" " , is really a chase after the soul. Five or six sentences are written as "clear" first, and then repeated with "annoying you". Pharaoh's pen is high, and it is also a must in the middle and late stages. Records of summer vacation in Tang Dynasty
In hot summer, cicadas can bring fun, tranquility and coolness to people. The cadence of cicadas often reminds people of childhood scenes. In summer, after a thunderstorm, some round caves can be found on the ground around the roots. This is where cicadas were unearthed. If you are lucky, you can catch cicadas without shedding their shells.
Cicada belongs to the HOMOPTERA Cicadellidae, with about 2000 species known in the world, and only 200 species in China. They appear in different periods of nature. Scorpions are about 2 cm long and have a dark brown body. As the earliest singer on the stage, Zhedi has a long, sharp and continuous voice.
Cicada, also called cicada, cicada, is the biggest in this small family. It is about 4 cm long, dark and shiny, and its singing is rough and loud, like a tenor. However, their voices are a little harsh, and whenever cicadas are chirping at noon, it is quite disturbing to rest.
Cicada lives alone and only distributes in mountainous areas. Its cry is always in a sad tone of "Woohoo … Wow", as if crying.
The cicada didn't sing until the summer solstice, and kept saying "squat, squat". As soon as the dog days arrive, it can't wait to say "squat" to people. Maybe this is well-meaning and tells people in advance that the dog days are coming to an end. Please be prepared for the cold weather.
Cicada, with a body length of about 2.5 cm and a light green head and chest, is also called cicada in late autumn. The cicadas began to sing in autumn, and their songs were the finale of this "cicada concert series". However, they are just a "zi zi" note, singing too monotonous, and the artistic level can hardly bear the heavy responsibility of the finale.
Cicada can sing because its abdomen has a pair of Sai Ren, which is composed of eardrum and tympanic membrane. When the vocal cord membrane in the membrane contracts, it will produce sound waves and make a loud sound. But don't forget that the buzz is only available to male cicadas, and female cicadas are "dumb".
Cicada is not completely abnormal. Generally, the life history is long, and one generation is completed in 2 ~ 3 years. The most famous species is American cicada 17, and there are three kinds of cicada 13, all of which are the birthday stars among insects. Cicada's lifestyle is very strange. In summer, cicadas die within a week after laying eggs, and the eggs hatch in about a month. After hatching, the nymph falls to the ground and digs a hole in the soil to live. In the soil, mouthparts suck the sap of tree roots for a living. They go through a long nymph period. After the mature larvae climb out of the cave, they slowly climb the trunk and then split from the head and chest. Soon, the adults crawled out of the cicada shell, and their wings were displayed and dried by the sun. The eclosion process takes about 1 ~ 3 hours. Adults fly to the crown of the jungle and use their sucking mouthparts to pierce the branches of trees to suck juice, which is harmful to trees and fruit trees. When adults are sexually mature, males begin to sing to attract females to mate. After mating, the male insect dies, and the female insect dies after laying eggs, thus completing its mission of reproducing.
Catching cicadas is different from catching other singing insects. Cicada has phototaxis. As night falls, as long as you light a fire under the trunk and knock on the trunk at the same time, cicadas will pounce on the fire. At this time, it will be very interesting to hurry up and take them alive.
cicada
Yu Shinan [Early Tang Dynasty]
Cicada droops like a tassel on a hat, its tentacles suck the clear dew, and its voice spreads from the branches of the straight Shulang tree.
Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
I drank the clear dew, and the sweet cry spread far from the forest of Wu Tong, because I stood tall without the help of the autumn wind.
{Appreciate} This symbolic poem, the earliest poem in the Tang Dynasty, is highly praised by later generations.
The first sentence is "hang down and drink clear dew", and "hang down" is the part of the hat belt tied under the chin of the ancients. Cicada's head has prominent tentacles, which look like a drooping crown tassel, so it is called "drooping". The ancients thought that cicadas were noble and drank dew, so they said "drink clear dew". This sentence is ostensibly about the shape and feeding habits of cicadas, but in fact it contains metaphors everywhere. "Hang" means official position (in ancient times, "crown tassel" was often used to refer to your official position). In the eyes of ordinary people, this dignitary's position is contradictory and even incompatible with "Qing", but in the author's pen, they are unified in the image of "hanging their heads and drinking clear dew". This unity of "Gui" and "Qing" is precisely because the "Qing" in three or four sentences does not need to be contrasted with "Gui", and the brushwork is quite clever.
The second sentence, "cicadas sing far and wide." Platanus acerifolia is a tall tree with sparse characters and clear branches. Corresponding to the last sentence "autumn wind", the flowing cicada has a pleasant long sound, and the word "Chu" is used to visualize the meaning conveyed by cicada singing, which seems to make people feel the loudness and strength of cicada singing. Although this sentence is only written by voice, readers can imagine the high level and elegant rhyme of the anthropomorphic cicada in Tsinghua. With this vivid description of the spread of cicadas in the distance, the drama of three or four sentences has taken root.
"A high voice is not affected by the autumn wind" is the crowning touch of the whole article. It is a discussion of poetry on the basis of the last two sentences. Cicadas spread in all directions. Most people often think that it is the autumn wind, but poets have different understandings, emphasizing that this is because of "high". This unique feeling contains a truth: people with high moral character can spread their reputation far and wide without some external support (such as the help of powerful people), just as Cao Pi said in Dian Lun Wen, "They don't forge good historical words, nor rely on flying momentum. Their reputation is autobiographical." What is emphasized here is the beauty and strength of personality. The word "self" and the word "non" in the two sentences echo each other, expressing warm praise and high self-confidence for people's inner character and showing a graceful demeanor. Emperor Taizong praised Yu Shinan's "Five Musts" for many times (virtue, loyalty, erudition, writing style and writing style). The poet's personalized "cicada" may have its own meaning. Shen Deqian said: "Every time a cicada sounds, it respects its sex alone." (Tang Poetry) This is really a broken theory.
Qing Shi Buhua's "Shi Fu Shi Poetry" says: "There are more than 300 poems, and the Tang people still have this intention. In the same way, Yu Shinan's "high voice, not from the autumn wind" is an Tsinghua people language; Wang Luobin's "his flight through the fog, his pure voice submerged in the wind world" is a much-needed language; Li Shangyin's "pure heart and lack of desire, singing all night" is a grouch. Bixing is different. " These three poems are all masterpieces of the Tang Dynasty. Due to the different identities, experiences and temperament of the authors, although they are equally committed to comparison, they present different faces and form artistic images with distinctive characteristics, which have become the three wonders of "chanting Zen" in the literary world of the Tang Dynasty.
Luo recited in prison.
Cicadas sing in the west, and guests think of the south.
I can't stand the shadow on my temple to break the heart of a white-haired prisoner.
His flight passed through the thick fog, and his pure voice was drowned in the world of wind.
Who knows if he is still singing? Who will listen to me? ?
At that time, King Robin was appointed as an assistant censor, who angered Wu Zetian by neglecting affairs and being inconsistent with political views. He was framed in prison and charged with accepting bribes. He wrote this poem after listening to cicadas in prison. Although the whole poem is written about cicadas, there are deep and depressed emotions everywhere.
Ancient poems about cicadas
cicada
Tang Yu Shinan
Cicada droops like a tassel on a hat, its tentacles suck the clear dew, and its voice spreads from the branches of the straight Shulang tree.
Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
Another version
cicada
Yu Shinan
When you hang your ears and drink clear dew, the sound is like sparse tung.
Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
Chen Xiao Si
Cicadas sing early this year. Before the azaleas dispersed, I heard the intermittent cicada singing. In recent months, cicadas outside the window have become more learned and annoying.
One day, a sick cicada was picked up under the tree, its transparent wings converged, its body trembled slightly and there was no sound. It's just a little thing that lives in a tree all the time. So small, but so loud, resounded all summer! I once asked: Why bother? It was just a summer! The friend said, Do you know? It waited 17 years, just to wait for a summer. Only this summer, it came out of the soil and grew out of the larvae. When the autumn wind blows, its life is over.
/kloc-buried in the soil in 0/7, came out to live for a summer, why?
The friend said: that is the original life course. In order to continue the name, it must live well. No matter 90 years or 90 days, you just have to live well. Oh! This is the meaning of cicada's life!
In the sunset, think of the color of autumn wind, and forgive the annoying bell!
Note: sound gu.
Selected from (Lu)' s Diary of Teaching, it was selected into "Two Essays" 200 1 version, the third lesson of Chinese textbook in last semester of Senior One.
Edit this novel of the same name
Author: Yi Shu
Title: cicada
ISBN: 9789629509064
Publishing House: Tiandi Books
Publication year: 2000/08
Yi Shu's series of novels .207
"There is a kind of cicada larvae, buried in the ground for decades, and finally broke through the ground and saw the light of day. I hope your feelings have a happy ending like cicadas. 」
"Although it broke ground, it only survived for a few days. 」……
Edit the related songs in this paragraph.
Title: cicada
Singer: Guan Xinyan
Album: Love of Emerald
Lyrics: usually * * * is either beautiful or not.
Don't mention whether I am wide, narrow or thin.
With the thinnest perspective, your view of the stomach is correct.
It's the body that makes the devil peep.
Thin clothes make you like a slave.
Appearance is meaningless, or clothes are important?
Is intelligence meaningless or love and hate meaningless?
Whether beauty is meaningless has something to do with transparency.
You're fascinated. You're fascinated.
You are addicted to semi-hidden relationships.
You're fascinated. You're fascinated.
You are obsessed with the high risk of not revealing your relationship.
What is the beauty of being as thin as a cicada's wing?
You must be as thin as a cicada to see that I love screaming too much.
It is beauty that makes beauty. Who cares?
What you admire is crazy, but you should lower it.
There is no point in wanting you to be a slave to love.
Intelligence is meaningless, and it has something to do with cicada wings.
Love day and night, or living is meaningless.
Contact through the perspective or because I am too rigid?
Whose question fascinates you?
No problem. The body is never hypocritical.
I will make an exception for the difference of one yarn overnight.
It's not hypocritical to love me only because you love me the most.
I will make an exception and sacrifice some to get some.
Thin to thin, how to solve the puzzle?
How childish your body is, which makes you have ghosts in your heart.
How naive the body is, more obsessed than love.
How naive the body is, how afraid it is of bottoming out?
How naive the body is to fix the relationship.
Is intelligence meaningless or love and hate meaningless?
Whether beauty is meaningless has something to do with transparency.
It's meaningless to love, and it's meaningless to looks.
Intelligence is meaningless, and it has something to do with cicada wings.
Let me be watched by you like a cicada
No problem. The body is never hypocritical.
Makes me as thin as a cicada
Nothing can restore your's relations.
Put you in a coma
Flood coma
Edit the longest-lived cicada in this section-seventeen-year cicada
Seventeen-year cicada, Homoptera. A North American cicada, which lives underground before coming out of its hole 17 years. They lie dormant underground for 17 years, then attach branches to shed their skin and mate. The male cicada dies after mating and the female cicada dies after laying eggs. Scientists explained that this peculiar lifestyle of cicada for seventeen years is to avoid the invasion of natural enemies and safely continue the population, thus evolving a long and secret life cycle.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/979, from Carolina to new york in the United States, countless dark bugs flew out of the ground every night, that is, the seventeen-year cicada. They fly to almost all erected targets, such as trees, wires and buildings. Soon, the male cicada makes a cheerful and noisy cry to lure the female cicada, which indicates that they have lived underground for 17 years since they were born in 1962, and this year they came to the ground to hold a "wedding". This is the happiest time for other insect-eating animals, and it is a rare feast. But once cicadas climb out of the ground for 17 years, their life span is very short, and all insect-eating animals will scramble to eat these cicadas for 17 years. If it weren't for its numerical superiority, I'm afraid this cicada would have been extinct long ago.
The life history of most insects is only one year or less, and the life history of cicadas is only three to nine years, although there are thirteen cicadas. This cicada has lived underground for 17 years, which is the longest life in the insect world.
The cicada has spoken in the seventeenth year of the Seven Laws Ode/Mr. Luo
Purgatory practice for seventeen years, boil into fire and see the light of day.
Striving for a good reputation means knowing that quoting news is better than the whole book.
You only need wind and dew when you are hungry, and you don't need wine and cigarettes when you are poor.
Pray for the people, and the horns of the four seasons are sonorous.
This entry is helpful to me.
48
References:
1 .300 Tang poems
2. Dictionary of modern Chinese dialects
3. Review of Notes on Selected Poems of Tang Dynasty
4. Encyclopedia of China
5. Chinese (seventh grade, People's Education Edition)
6. Encyclopedia of Animals
7. General entomology
8. Insect taxonomy