Song shorthand formula of twenty-four solar terms
Twenty-four solar terms are special festivals in the calendar to express the change of natural rhythm and establish "December architecture", which contains a long cultural connotation and historical accumulation and is an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation.
Four years old, three months in spring, summer, autumn and winter, two solar terms each month, each solar term has its own unique meaning. Twenty-four solar terms accurately reflect the change of natural rhythm and play an extremely important role in people's daily life. It is not only a seasonal system that guides agricultural production, but also a folk system that contains rich folk customs.
"Twenty-four solar terms" is the product of ancient farming civilization. It is a knowledge system formed by ancient ancestors following the farming season and observing the movement of celestial bodies to understand the changing laws of seasons, climate and phenology in a year. The twenty-four solar terms were originally formulated according to the changes of stars. The Big Dipper rotates once and bucket handle rotates once clockwise, which is called one of the "years" (Figure).
The current "twenty-four solar terms" are formulated according to the position of the sun on the return to the ecliptic, that is, the annual movement track of the sun is divided into 24 equal parts, each 15 is 1 equal part, and each 1 equal part is a solar term, starting from beginning of spring and ending from the severe cold. Through historical development, the lunar calendar has absorbed the solar terms of the dry calendar as a supplement to the calendar.
And through the "leap method" adjustment to make it conform to the tropic of cancer, forming a calendar of yin and yang, "24 solar terms" has become an important part of the lunar calendar. In the field of international meteorology, the 24 solar terms are known as "the fifth invention of China". 2016165438+1October 30th, the 24 solar terms were officially listed in the representative list of UNESCO and human intangible cultural heritage.