2023 Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention 1 Health Tips

New Year's Day and Spring Festival are celebrated on June 5438+ 10, which are also in the "freezing weather", and various respiratory infectious diseases are at the peak; During the two festivals, the number of dinners increased, and improper processing and storage of "new year's goods" easily led to food-borne diseases; In the dead of winter, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are easy to get worse and get gas poisoning. In addition, as the winter vacation approaches, students are prone to accidental injuries. Qingdao CDC reminds citizens to pay attention to cold and warmth, take good protection, prevent COVID-19 infection and other respiratory infectious diseases and food-borne diseases, prevent the aggravation of chronic diseases, and be alert to gas poisoning and accidental injuries.

0 1, adhere to the prevention of "epidemic"

At present, the incidence of infection in COVID-19 is very high, and respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza are also at the peak. At the same time, New Year's Day and Spring Festival are approaching, and people's mobility and gathering activities will increase, which will increase the spread risk of respiratory infectious diseases such as COVID-19 infection. Although the epidemic prevention and control policy has been adjusted, personal protection cannot be relaxed.

1. Adhere to personal protection. Whether infected or not, the general public should continue to do personal protection, wear masks regularly, keep social distance, wash their hands frequently, ventilate frequently and gather less. During the recovery period of infected people at home, they should always keep indoor ventilation, do a good job in cleaning and disinfecting the home environment, adopt a separate meal system, and don't go out unless necessary.

2. Do a good job in daily health monitoring. When there are symptoms of COVID-19 infection such as fever, cough, fatigue and sore throat, we should give priority to home observation and symptomatic medication, minimize outdoor activities and avoid affecting others. We should pay close attention to our health, especially the elderly, patients with chronic basic diseases, pregnant women, children and the disabled. If the symptoms get worse, you should go to a medical institution in time. Do not call the emergency hotline 120 in case of non-emergency to ensure the emergency rescue channel is unblocked.

3. Scientific and rational drug use. It is suggested that the general public should not hoard drugs, purchase drugs rationally, and use drugs scientifically and rationally under the guidance of doctor Yamatonokusushi, so as to avoid misuse of drugs and ensure drug safety. Choose enterprises that have obtained the Business License for Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices to buy medicines and masks, and do not buy medicines and medical devices on social platforms such as WeChat group and circle of friends that have not obtained business qualifications or are unable to provide business subject information.

4. Actively vaccinate. Citizens and friends should actively take COVID-19 vaccine, which will help reduce the risk of serious illness and death after infection, especially for the protection of the elderly. People over the age of 60 who meet the vaccination conditions, especially those over the age of 80, should complete the whole vaccination and carry out intensive injection as soon as possible.

5. Enhance your immunity. Improving self-immunity is an important means to prevent various diseases. Please adhere to a healthy and civilized lifestyle, maintain an optimistic and positive attitude, keep regular work and rest, exercise, keep a good sleep, eat properly, improve immunity, and be the first responsible person for your health.

6. Protect key populations. When there is a risk of infection, it is necessary to reduce contact with middle-aged and elderly people at home, especially those with basic diseases. During the epidemic, the elderly, patients with chronic basic diseases, pregnant women, children and the disabled should try to reduce their visits to crowded public places, and they should wear masks all the time when they really need to go. During the epidemic period, it is not recommended for the elderly, pregnant women, children and other people with weak immunity to travel long distances.

02, beware of "disease from the mouth"

During these two festivals, get together with relatives and friends, eat out and other activities. It will increase, and it will also focus on purchasing bulk food and cooking a lot of dishes. A little impropriety in purchasing, processing and storage will cause food safety hazards. In order to prevent and reduce the occurrence of food-borne diseases, we would like to remind you that:

1. Turn off the raw materials. When buying packaged food, you should read the trademark, production date, shelf life, etc. When buying fresh fish, meat, seafood and other foods, you should refrigerate them as soon as possible, and don't leave them in the external environment for too long. "Three noes" food and expired food must not be bought. When purchasing cold chain food, pay attention to personal protection and disinfect the external packaging.

2. Close the process. Adhere to good personal hygiene habits, wash your hands before cooking and eating, and wash your hands after touching raw fish, meat and poultry. Do separate raw and cooked, cooked and steamed. Try not to eat raw meat, seafood and other foods.

3. Turn off storage. Store in different areas, keep the kitchen ventilated and clean, and disinfect the environment, tableware and cookers when necessary. Eating leftovers is not encouraged. If there are leftovers, they should be refrigerated in time. If you want to eat overnight meals, you should heat them and cook them thoroughly. Remember that the refrigerator is not a safe. Don't keep food in the refrigerator for too long.

4. Turn off the good meal. Eat reasonably and regularly during the festival, and don't overeat. Pay attention to food hygiene, advocate the use of public chopsticks and spoons, implement a separate meal system, and refuse to eat game. When dining out, you should choose catering units with good food hygiene conditions and high credibility, and don't eat in unlicensed vendors. When buying food and eating out, you should ask for and keep relevant bills so as to trace the cause of poisoning.

03, prevent the aggravation of chronic diseases.

1 month is the coldest period in a year, and it is also the high incidence period of all kinds of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents, especially for patients with basic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc. Chronic respiratory diseases are also easy to recur in winter. Experts remind that we should maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent chronic diseases.

1. Pay attention to cold and warmth, especially for the elderly and patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Avoid working in low temperature environment, and keep the indoor temperature at 18-25℃. Actively prevent and treat influenza, tracheitis and other winter-prone diseases and prevent complications.

2. Pay attention to your diet. The weather is cold, people are used to nourishing with big fish and meat, and eat too much high-calorie food. People should pay more attention to less salt, less oil and less sugar, eat more coarse grains, fresh vegetables and fruits, and supplement multivitamins. Drink plenty of water in winter to reduce blood viscosity, quit smoking and limit alcohol.

3. Take blood pressure regularly and control it early. The principle of hypertension treatment is "lowering blood pressure to reach the standard". Patients should not take drugs at will, let alone stop taking them. They should communicate with doctors more and adjust drugs according to the doctor's advice.

4. control blood sugar. Sugar friends should pay attention to the management of learning diabetes knowledge, medication, diet, exercise and blood sugar monitoring. Among them, diet control and moderate exercise, supplemented by drug treatment, are the most important.

5. Exercise properly. Give priority to indoor exercise, exercise time should not be too early, avoid cold stimulation, and exercise after the sun comes out at eight or nine in the morning is better. If the weather is slightly polluted, outdoor activities should be reduced or stopped.

04, be alert to gas poisoning

In winter, use gas water heaters, burn coal/charcoal for heating, and eat charcoal hot pot. And closing doors and windows in cold weather will easily lead to the accumulation of carbon monoxide indoors, leading to poisoning tragedy. The early symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning include: severe headache, dizziness, palpitation, facial flushing, cherry red on the lips, general fatigue, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, blurred consciousness, blurred vision, dull sensation, hallucinations and other symptoms, and in severe cases, coma or even life-threatening. The main preventive measures are:

1. Gas-fired water heaters or gas-fired, coal-fired and oil-fired equipment should not be placed in rooms where family members live or in places with poor ventilation. It is advisable to ventilate frequently, and leave certain gaps in doors and windows to keep indoor and outdoor air circulation.

2. When using a coal stove for heating, burn the coal before going to bed, do not cover it, install a chimney on the coal stove and check it regularly to prevent blockage or smoke leakage.

Don't sleep in an air-conditioned car with closed doors and windows. Never turn on the air conditioner when the car stops, and never close all the windows.

4. Hot pot restaurants and processing places should be well ventilated.

5. Once a patient with similar gas poisoning is found, close the gas valve in time, open the doors and windows, move the patient away from the poisoning site to a ventilated place, and send him to the hospital in time after unbuttoning his collar.

05, to prevent accidental injury

During the winter vacation, students are prone to accidents because of their weak safety awareness and poor self-protection ability, and it is difficult to get proper care. Because of their weak exercise and balance ability, the elderly are also vulnerable to accidental injuries in rain and snow. The most common are falls/injuries, burns, traffic accidents, drowning, firecrackers, animal injuries and so on.

1. Strengthen safety education for students. Educate children to obey traffic rules, pay attention to traffic safety, do not take unlicensed vehicles, and it is strictly forbidden to chase and fight on the road. Strengthen education on fire prevention, electricity prevention and drowning prevention, and educate children not to play with fire, electricity and water.

2. Strengthen the supervision of children. Prevent children from playing or skating in rivers, ponds, reservoirs and other places without their parents to avoid drowning accidents. Don't set off fireworks and firecrackers in forbidden areas, and pay attention to safety when setting off fireworks in non-forbidden areas.

3. Old people should try to reduce going out in rainy and snowy weather. Walk slowly when you go out, wear non-slip shoes, don't put your hands in your pockets, and use crutches if necessary. Pay special attention to walking slowly and standing firm when going up and down stairs, escalators and steps.