Five essays on National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day in 2022.
Comments on Composition of National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day 2022 1
China has a vast territory, changeable weather and frequent natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, tornadoes and earthquakes, making it one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world. The Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008 was even more painful for the Chinese nation, with tens of thousands of compatriots killed and huge property losses. So, what should we do about all kinds of natural disasters that may happen at any time?
I think everyone should establish a sense of protecting the environment and self-protection. Don't think that disaster is far away from us, it will come soon. If we don't have the consciousness and ability to protect ourselves, we are likely to be in danger. And when disaster comes, don't panic and stay calm.
Take the earthquake as an example. Although earthquakes are destructive, we can predict earthquakes by their precursors. Before the earthquake, there will be some omens. For example, domestic animals such as horses will break free from the reins and run wildly outside; Hibernating snakes will come out of their holes; Bees will fly around; Dogs will bark, and some livestock will run around in circles; Rats move in groups. Only by paying attention can these omens let us know in advance.
In case of an earthquake, if you are trapped under the ruins, don't move blindly, but be calm. First, take your hand out, move the ruins slowly, keep breathing smoothly first, then try to breathe, and wait for the arrival of rescuers. If you are at home during the earthquake, you must immediately enter a hard small room that has not collapsed to avoid injury. Also, stick it on a solid wall or squat at the door, and survive after the house collapses to avoid being hurt. If you are in the wild, you must avoid steep cliffs to prevent yourself from falling down the mountain. There is also the need to prevent landslides, so as not to slide down. If you are at school, you must obey the teacher's instructions, hide under the desk and pay attention to protecting your head. If you go to physical education class, avoid tall buildings and don't get hurt. If you are in the cinema, you should hide under the viewing chair to avoid the shock, avoid the lights hanging on the ceiling and the hanging objects of air conditioners, protect your head with things, and follow the instructions of the commander to evacuate the scene. There was an earthquake in the shopping center. Avoid glass cabinets, commodities, billboards, lights and other items. If you are on the bus, you should hide under the chair or squat down, keep your center of gravity stable and grab the handrail.
Admittedly, we may not be able to prevent the disaster, nor can we guarantee that there will be no casualties and property losses, but at least we can minimize the losses. Although individuals may be limited or insignificant, I believe that as long as we work together in Qi Xin, the losses of all disasters will be minimized and our lives will be better! Come on!
Review of National Day for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation in 2022 (Ⅱ)
Earthquake is a common natural phenomenon and a manifestation of crustal movement, that is, the sudden release of slowly accumulated energy in the earth causes the vibration of the earth's surface. According to statistics, there are about 5 million earthquakes every year in the world. Most of these earthquakes are too small to be detected without sensitive instruments, accounting for about 99% of the total number of earthquakes, and the rest 1%, about 50 thousand times, will be felt by people. In general, earthquakes of magnitude 5 or above can cause damage, which is customarily called destructive earthquakes, with an average of about 1000 times per year; Strong earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above average 18 times a year; Earthquakes of magnitude 8 or above occur 1-2 times a year.
Why did an earthquake happen?
The earth is moving all the time, and the movement of the earth produces many forces, the most important of which is "earthquake prevention and disaster reduction".
Is there a precursor to the earthquake?
Earthquakes, like natural phenomena such as wind and rain, have precursors and can be predicted.
Animal anomalies before earthquakes
The scientific truth that animals are more prophetic than people before earthquakes is not completely clear at present, but the abnormal phenomena of animals before earthquakes have long been recorded in ancient earthquake data in China.
Plant anomaly before earthquake
Before the earthquake, the abnormal phenomena of plants were related to the changes of air temperature and ground temperature. Meteorological anomaly before earthquake
There are many kinds and forms of meteorological anomalies before the earthquake, including wind, frost, clouds, rain, hail, snow, sound, light, electricity, air pressure, ground temperature, temperature, drought and flood, sun and moon images and so on. These are very rich. There were blue and white flashes and red and green lights before the earthquake.
Groundwater anomaly before earthquake
The earthquake happened underground, and the groundwater was buried in the stratum. Before the earthquake, the stress changes caused the groundwater level to rise and fall, and the well water turned over, bubbled, whirled, turbid, voiced, changed temperature, changed taste, floated oil or caused changes in chemical composition before the earthquake.
When an earthquake happens, you should calmly deal with it and take immediate action to prevent it. If you act calmly, you will be safe and avoid disaster, otherwise, you will cause unnecessary losses.
What if it is buried after the earthquake?
After the earthquake, aftershocks will continue to occur, and your environment may deteriorate further. You should strive to improve the environment, stabilize the environment, and try to get out of danger.
Comment on Composition 3 of National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day in 2022
Humans have lived in this world for more than 6 million years. In the long 6 million years, mankind has made great progress: the cognitive revolution has made people walk out of ignorance and step into the era of rapid development of civilization; The agricultural revolution freed people from famine and began to live a self-sufficient life; The industrial revolution ended the backward era of manpower and began the era of mechanical power symbolizing speed and technology. In the process of human evolution, plagues such as plague, famine and war that have plagued human beings for a long time have been solved one by one. But there are natural disasters, and human beings are helpless about it until now. This is an earthquake.
Earthquake is the first of all disasters. Internationally, earthquakes are divided into Richter scale 1 and Richter scale 10. A destructive earthquake with a Richter scale of 5 or above. Destructive earthquakes will seriously damage buildings in an area and pose a great threat to people's lives and property. Although people have the ability to predict earthquakes initially now, they can't make accurate predictions because of underground noise and deep source. According to incomplete statistics, 7000 people are killed in earthquakes every year, and the average direct and indirect losses caused by each earthquake are as high as 6 billion dollars. The losses caused by earthquakes with magnitude 8 or above on the Richter scale are as high as about $654.38+000 billion. Faced with such high property losses and hazards, what can we do to minimize the losses? The answer is yes. There are various ways to prevent earthquakes. I will share a few of them with you.
First, the precursor of the earthquake. Before the earthquake, many animals throbbed to varying degrees. Some domestic animals perform best. Large animals such as pigs, sheep and cows will run around, arch around and bark. And rivers and wells will be abnormal. For example, turbidity, taste and water quality have changed obviously. At the same time, it is often accompanied by tumbling and oil slick. Once you find any abnormality, you should be alert immediately and be prepared for earthquake prevention. If possible, it should be reported to the relevant departments.
Second, the way to take refuge in an earthquake. Generally, when seismic waves reach the ground, they are divided into "shear waves" and "longitudinal waves". Longitudinal waves reach the ground before shear waves. When the longitudinal wave comes, the ground will bump up and down slightly. This is the "golden time" to escape. Once the shear wave strikes, the ground will shake violently from side to side and people will feel dizzy. It takes about 25 seconds from longitudinal wave to building collapse. So unless you are sure that you can evacuate quickly, you'd better take refuge nearby, rather than take the risk to escape.
Third, the precautions for escape. Escape must be in an open place far away from buildings. Therefore, if an earthquake suddenly occurs in physical education class, taking refuge in the playground is the best choice. When you get to a safe place, you should squat down and put your head in your hands to prevent stones and bricks from falling from the sky and causing life-threatening problems.
Fourth, the precautions for taking refuge nearby. What we generally learn to take refuge is to hide under the table and hold the legs of the table with both hands. But in fact, this is completely wrong. Because once the ceiling upstairs collapses, it will directly smash the table. So the casualty rate of this method is as high as over 95%! Therefore, the correct way is to hide next to the seat and try to keep your body between two objects. In this way, it is difficult for an object falling from above to hit the head just because of the obstruction of the object. So the casualty rate of this method is less than 3%.
Fifth, attention to architecture. China is a country with frequent earthquakes. Therefore, the piles of the building must be very strong to prevent the building from collapsing. In addition, dangerous buildings such as nuclear power plants must be far away from earthquake-prone areas. For example, the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident on 20 1 1 was caused by frequent earthquakes and tsunamis in Fukushima, located on the coast of Japan. On March 1 1, an earthquake measuring 9.0 on the Richter scale occurred in the waters near Fukushima. The strong vibration caused the nuclear reactor of the first nuclear power plant to leak. The generated radiation and radioactive gas spread into the air, resulting in the emergency evacuation of hundreds of thousands of people. Nuclear radiation has not dissipated so far, and it is still distributed all over Japan! It can be seen that it is also very important to build suitable buildings in reasonable places.
In fact, there are many ways to prevent earthquakes and reduce disasters. Although the earthquake is an irreversible natural disaster, as long as we learn more about earthquake prevention and accumulate more self-help experience, we will not panic when the earthquake comes, and we can minimize the losses caused by the earthquake.
Comment on Composition 4 of National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day in 2022
People have not yet got out of the shadow of Wenchuan earthquake. The Yushu earthquake in Qinghai and the earthquake in Japan followed, causing heavy casualties. From this point of view, how important it is to prevent and reduce disasters.
In 2008, an earthquake measuring 8.0 on the Richter scale occurred in Wenchuan. In this earthquake, thousands of houses collapsed in Qian Qian, thousands of people lost their lives in Qian Qian, and thousands of people in Qian Qian were separated from their relatives. Some relatives are alive and miserable with relatives in Baotou. If all their relatives are dead, they can only shout their names in the ruins. Losing parents and children is the most cruel and painful. In the earthquake, one engineer after another of human civilization gave his life for the flowers of the motherland and dedicated his soul to the greatest cause in the world-education. Moreover, in the process of re-rescue, the soldiers said many times, "Please, let me save one, I can save another", and many soldiers gave their precious lives just to save one more child. They were all exhausted from their posts or were crushed under the floor by aftershocks. Maybe many people will sigh; "Why is there a disaster? Why can't you predict in advance? Why can't it be prevented?
It is impossible to prevent the occurrence of earthquakes, and it is impossible for modern science and technology to predict the arrival of earthquakes. What we can do is to get early warning from some abnormal situations before the earthquake and take corresponding self-protection measures in times of crisis.
For example, many animals will perceive infrasound skin before the earthquake, which leads to their abnormal behavior; Livestock will jump and bark wildly.
When there is an earthquake, don't panic and miss the best opportunity to escape. If it's too late to run, we can find some hard things in the corner to hide under. If we are crushed under the rubble, we should not lose confidence in survival. When we hear the sound, we should call for help.
In this earthquake, students suffered the most, so schools should carry out more earthquake drills. In one of the schools in the disaster area, they usually pay special attention to earthquake simulation training. As a result, when the earthquake came, the students retreated to the playground in an orderly way, without crowding, trampling and almost no casualties. This tells us the importance of training at ordinary times, and also tells us that even if we can't avoid earthquakes, we can minimize the disasters caused by disasters.
In fact, the most important thing is ourselves, so let's do a good job in disaster prevention and mitigation hand in hand?
Comment on Composition 5 of National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day in 2022
On May 12, 2008, an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurred in Wenchuan, Sichuan, which was the most destructive, widespread and difficult to rescue since New China. This catastrophic landslide mercilessly claimed the precious lives of many compatriots and destroyed their once beautiful and rich homes.
Every time I see relevant scenes on TV, every Chinese descendant will have a lingering fear. So what can we do about earthquake prevention and disaster relief? As the saying goes, "there are unexpected events in the sky, and people are doomed." Earthquakes are natural phenomena, and humans can't stop them at present. But with the development of society, we should learn to use some scientific methods to protect ourselves and reduce the disasters that threaten our lives.
First of all, it is very important to keep a clear head and a calm attitude when an earthquake occurs. When you feel the ground or buildings shaking, remember that the biggest damage comes from falling debris. At this time, you should move cleverly to avoid it. Whether to run or hide during an earthquake, most experts in our country believe that it is a better way to avoid nearby during an earthquake and evacuate to a safe place quickly after the earthquake. The shock absorber should choose a place that is firm indoors, can cover the body, is easy to form a triangular space, has small space, is supported, and is open and safe outdoors. The posture that the body should take: squat or sit down, curl up as much as possible and lower the center of gravity. Grab a solid object, such as a table leg. Protect your head, neck and eyes, and cover your mouth and nose.
So, who is the chief culprit of the earthquake? Is it the earth? No, not the earth! The chief culprit of the earthquake is us humans. The reason is that we continue to exploit underground resources, which leads to the continuous extrusion of rock strata, and then the folds increase, and the rock strata break immediately, and then an earthquake occurs. Only by protecting the environment, doing a good job in earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, establishing and improving earthquake monitoring and prediction, earthquake disaster prevention and earthquake emergency rescue. In order to minimize the earthquake disaster.
It is my wish to keep earthquake disasters away from us, and it is also the common wish of people all over the world! We are builders and defenders of the motherland. Let's act quickly, cherish life and protect our home.
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