3. Briefly describe Wen Yiduo's Three Beauties and analyze Xu Zhimo's Farewell to Cambridge & gt；;
Musical beauty: mainly refers to the harmony of syllables and rhymes, and pursues the rhythm of poetry;
The beauty of painting: mainly refers to gorgeous rhetoric, paying attention to the visual image and intuition of poetry;
Architectural beauty: mainly refers to the overall appearance of poetry, paying attention to the symmetry of nodes and the neatness of lines.
Formally speaking, Farewell to Cambridge is a representative poem that embodies and develops the poetic characteristics of "three beauties" advocated by Wen Yiduo.
First, the beauty of painting.
The so-called beauty of painting refers to the selection and application of "characters" that appeal to visual images, which can fully reflect the colorful characteristics of China hieroglyphics and have a sense of color.
In the language application of A Farewell to Cambridge, we pay attention to the color sense of words, and choose many words with bright colors, such as "Golden Willow" reflected by the sunset, "Yan Ying with rippling water", "Green grass on soft mud at the bottom of the water", "Rainbow reflected in the pool", "Clouds", "Sunset" and "greener grass".
At the same time, the poet changed every static picture into a dynamic picture through a series of words with strong actions, such as "wave", "ripple", "sway", "smash", "wander back" and "wave", for example, waving goodbye to the clouds in the west, swaying golden willows along the He Kang River, and swaying water plants at the bottom of the He Kang River.
In this way, the whole poem is full of vivid artistic conception, flowing picture beauty, bright colors and beautiful composition, which makes people pleasing to the eye and intoxicated. It seems that they want to enter the poetic beauty realm of sunset He Kanghe and boating at dusk with the poet.
Second, the beauty of music.
The so-called beauty of music refers to the beauty of syllables and melodies that appeal to auditory images.
As a representative of the Crescent Society, Xu Zhimo agrees with Wen Yiduo's thought of "three beauties" in new poetry and has his own uniqueness in the musical beauty of poetry. In addition to neat rhythm and harmonious rhyme, he also emphasized the ups and downs of syllables and paid attention to the complete musical melody.
Farewell to Cambridge has a harmonious, smooth and slightly bouncing rhythm. The beauty of music mainly comes from rhythm, which is formed by the regular repetition of sound groups. Each line of Farewell to Cambridge is basically composed of three sound groups, one of which is composed of two or three syllables. The syllables are cadenced, the tone is repeated, rigorous and eclectic, and the sense of rhythm is strong.
The rhyme of the poem is natural and harmonious, and the rhyme form strictly abides by two or four rhymes, with one rhyme for every two lines and one new rhyme for every stanza. Mom, hey; Shake it, grass; Rainbow, dream; Hui, Song; Xiao, bridge; Come on, Cai) pursues the ups and downs of syllables and a sense of melody, which makes it cadence and catchy to read. Seven verses are arranged in an orderly way, and the rhythm slowly spreads in them, resulting in the artistic realm of musical beauty.
In addition, the repetition of tones is also an important aspect of the musical beauty of this poem. The beginning and end of the poem overlap and repeat, with similar meaning and consistent rhythm, forming an echoing structural form, which strengthens the sense of rhythm and melody, enhances the musicality of the poem and gives people a dreamy feeling. In addition, repetitive words such as "light" and "quiet" are used.
Third, the beauty of architecture.
Architectural beauty also belongs to visual image, which mainly refers to the physical structure of poetry, emphasizing "symmetry of nodes and uniformity of sentences", resulting in regularity or irregularity.
A Farewell to Cambridge is uniform and diverse in style, structure and syntax. The whole poem consists of seven sections, each with four lines, and the number of words in each sentence is basically 6 or 7 words (there are eight sentences in the middle), which is neat in jagged changes. The single line and double line are staggered by one grid and arranged in a regular and uneven hierarchical order, which keeps the balance, symmetry and diversity of the poetic style, but avoids the rigid and monotonous shortcomings brought by the overly square poetic style, giving people a fresh feeling; At the same time, the first and last cycles echo, giving people a sense of beauty.
It can be said that the beauty of architecture with neat lines, colorful paintings, harmonious rhythm and repetitive music make Farewell to Cambridge a poem that can best show the talent and personality of the poet Xu Zhimo. Because of this, Farewell to Cambridge became the best farewell poem in China in the 20th century.