? Interior decoration materials that must be known for interior decoration.
I. Classification of Interior Decoration Materials in The Complete Collection of Interior Decoration Materials
1. Interior decoration materials are classified by materials: plastic, metal, ceramics, glass, wood, inorganic minerals, coatings, textiles, stone, etc.
2. Classification by function: sound absorption, heat insulation, waterproof, moistureproof, fireproof, mildewproof, acid and alkali resistance, pollution resistance, etc.
3. Classification by decoration parts: wall decoration materials, ceiling decoration materials and ground decoration materials.
Second, the types and analysis of interior decoration materials
Indoor materials mainly include five kinds, namely: solid materials, plates, sheets, profiles and wires.
1. Interior decoration materials: solid materials.
Interior decoration materials are real materials, that is, raw materials, referring to logs and logs. Commonly used logs are Chinese fir, Korean pine, elm, Fraxinus mandshurica, camphor tree and basswood, and more valuable logs are rosewood, beech and oak. The wood used in the decoration is mainly Chinese fir, and other wood is mainly used to support furniture and carving accessories. In the decoration budget, the solid material is a cube.
2. Interior decoration material: plate
Interior decorative material boards are mainly products made of various kinds of wood or gypsum. Common ones are fireproof gypsum board, three plywood, five plywood, nine plywood, particleboard, composite board, colored board, Fraxinus mandshurica, rosewood board, birch board, white pine board, Pauli board, and more expensive red beech board, white beech board, oak board and teak board. In the decoration budget, the plates are divided into blocks.
3. Interior decoration material: plate
The interior decoration material board is a product which processes stone, ceramics, wood and bamboo into blocks. Stone materials are mainly marble and granite with a thickness of 15-20mm. Ceramic floor tiles and wall tiles can be divided into glazed tiles, wear-resistant tiles, mirror marble tiles, non-slip tiles, mosaics and wall tiles.
4. Interior decoration material: wood
There are also many kinds of floor materials for interior decoration materials, and the price depends on the materials. Its main materials are: pear wood, camphor wood, oak wood, cherry wood and basswood. Beech, oak, teak, etc. In the decoration budget, the board is in square meters.
5. Interior decoration material: iron wire
Interior decoration materials mainly refer to products made of wood, gypsum or metal. There are many kinds of wood threads with different lengths, mainly pine, phoenix tree, basswood and beech. Its varieties are: nail line, semicircle line, outer corner line and inner corner line. Basswood and beech are used for dado line and skirting line. Gypsum lines are divided into two types: flat lines and angular lines. Cross-braced flowers, about 5 cm wide, with different sizes of horn flowers; Corner line-generally used for corner and ceiling with poor grades, different sizes and various types. There are also grooves and corner lines of stainless steel and titanium plates, and the length is1.4m. In the decoration budget, wires are in meters.
Third, the basic characteristics and decorative functions of interior decoration materials
1, the basic characteristics of interior decoration materials
(1) color: the color of the material determines three aspects: the spectral reflection of the material; Spectral composition of light incident on the material when viewing; Spectral sensitivity of the observer's eyes.
(2) Transparency: The transparency of materials is an object that can transmit light and see through, which is called transparent body.
(3) Surface texture: Due to the differences in raw materials, components, ratios, production techniques and processing methods, surface texture has various characteristics: fine or rough, flat or concave-convex, hard or loose, and so on. Decorative materials require a specific surface texture to achieve a certain decorative effect.
(4) Gloss: Gloss is a characteristic of material surface, and its importance is second only to color. Glossy is a directional light reflection property, which plays a decisive role in the clarity of the image formed by the object on the surface, that is, the intensity of reflected light. The gloss of material surface can be measured by photoelectric glossmeter.
(5) Basic usability: Decorative materials should also have some basic properties, such as certain strength, water resistance, fire resistance and corrosion resistance. , to ensure that the material can be used under certain conditions and for a certain period of time without damage.
(6) Stereo modeling: Stereo modeling of decorative materials includes relief (such as plastic foamed wallpaper), relief (such as relief decorative board), flocking, sculpture and other forms. These decorative forms greatly enrich the decorative texture and improve the decorative effect.
(7) Planar flower decoration: natural patterns (such as natural stone), textures (such as wood) and artificial patterns (such as wallpaper, glazed tiles, carpets, etc.). ) There are specific requirements for the surface of decorative materials to achieve certain decorative purposes.
(8) Shape and size: There are specific requirements and specifications for the shape and size of decorative materials such as bricks, plates and rolls. In addition to the size and shape of the coil can be cut and cut as required, most decorative boards and bricks have certain shapes and specifications, such as rectangular, square, polygonal and other geometric shapes, so as to be assembled into various patterns and patterns.
2. Decoration function of interior decoration materials
The decorative functions of interior decorative materials mainly include ceiling decorative function, floor decorative function and wall decorative function.
(1) interior wall decoration function
The function of interior wall decoration is to protect the wall and ensure that the indoor use conditions and indoor environment are beautiful, clean and comfortable. The protection of the wall includes plastering, painting and facing. The interior wall is close to the people, the texture requires exquisite and realistic, the line type is not limited, and the color can be thick or light.
(2) Ceiling decoration function
Ceiling decoration requires high materials, protects the ceiling and decoration, and has certain characteristics such as light weight and moisture resistance. The color of ceiling decoration materials should be light and soft, and it is not advisable to use rich or heavy colors. Common ceilings are mostly pure white or gray, which makes the environment beautiful, clean and comfortable. General ceiling can also be decorated with light relief ceiling materials.
(3) the ground decoration function
The function of floor decoration is mainly to protect the floor and ground, ensure the use conditions and play a certain decorative role. The ground must ensure the necessary strength, corrosion resistance, moisture resistance and smooth surface conditions. Different parts also have different requirements. Such as bathroom, kitchen, etc. It should be waterproof, and the bedroom can consider wooden floors. The floor with higher standard should also consider the functions of sound insulation, sound insulation, sound absorption, heat insulation and elasticity, which makes people feel comfortable and not easy to get tired.
Fourth, the choice of interior decoration materials
1, economy
Interior decoration is a comprehensive consumer art, which should be deeply appreciated and aesthetically designed on the basis of real life needs to avoid blind comparison, pursuit of luxury and waste of money.
2. Site and space
Different venues and spaces should use decorative materials that are harmonious with people. In spacious rooms, dark colors can also be used to harmonize large patterns, so as not to make people feel empty. For smaller rooms, such as most cities in China at present, we should choose materials with delicate texture, fine lines and colors to expand the space.
3, decorative parts requirements
The choice of materials is different with different decorative parts. Use conductive decorative materials near the power supply; Use inorganic ceramic decorative materials where static electricity accumulates too much. The kitchen and bathroom should have a clean and hygienic atmosphere and be decorated with white tiles or terrazzo. The ground where the old people and children move should not be too slippery, and there should not be too many mirrors in the living room.
4, material pollution and injury
The choice of decorative materials should also consider whether the chemical substances contained in it have an impact on human health, whether it pollutes the air and whether it meets the safety standards of indoor decorative materials.
5. Regionality and nationality
The choice of decorative materials is related to the region or climate. The terrazzo and ceramic tiles on the cement floor dissipate heat quickly, which will make people feel too cold to live on this floor for a long time in a room heated in cold areas, thus causing discomfort. Therefore, wooden floors, plastic floors and polymer synthetic fiber carpets should be selected, which have low thermal conductivity and make people feel warm and comfortable. In the hot south, cold materials should be used. When choosing decorative materials, we should pay attention to the use of advanced materials and decorative techniques to reflect national traditions and local characteristics.
These are the interior decoration materials I introduced to you. I hope it helps you. Please pay attention if you want to know more.