What is the background, purpose, process and influence of 1984 counterattack against Vietnam?

China and Vietnam are linked by mountains and rivers, and good-neighborly friendship goes back to ancient times. The people of China provided great selfless assistance to the Vietnamese people in their war against France and the United States, and made sacrifices for the Vietnamese people in their struggle for independence and liberation. However, after the Anti-American War ended and the country was reunified, the Vietnamese government took China, which maintained peace and upheld justice, as the way to resolve disputes. However, the Vietnamese government regards forbearance as weakness, and its provocation and aggression against China have not stopped, but have intensified. Unbearable, the China administration and the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China (CPC) made a decision to defend themselves and fight back.

Since1February, 1979 17, the border guards of the China People's Liberation Army have carried out limited counter-attacks in Guangxi and Yunnan. With the support of the people, the infantry, artillery, tank soldiers and other troops who took part in the war fought bravely, repelled the invading Vietnamese army, overcame difficulties and obstacles such as high mountains, dense forests, narrow roads, deep ditches and many caves, and rushed into several sections of the Vietnamese border with a depth of 20 to 40 kilometers, quickly destroying various military facilities built by Vietnam in China and dealing a heavy blow to several regular divisions of the Vietnamese army and some local troops. By March 5th, China's border guards had advanced to lang son, Gaoping, Laojie and other provincial capitals and more than 20 border towns and points.

The China government claimed that "the above actions threatened the border security of China and affected the stability of Southeast Asia". At that time, most western countries in the world thought that Vietnam should withdraw its troops from Cambodia, while China should withdraw its troops from Vietnam (in fact, China withdrew its troops from Vietnam a month later, while Vietnam still maintained its occupation of Cambodia through the puppet regime and refused to withdraw its troops for a long time). The Eastern Group headed by the Soviet Union thinks that China invaded Vietnam, while most Asian countries, such as Japan, India and Mongolia, also demand that Vietnam stop invading Cambodia and China should withdraw its troops from Vietnam.

War process:

First stage

1979 February 17 ~ 1979 February 26th

China's eastern troops conquered Gaoping and Deng Tong, while the western troops conquered Laojie and Tang Tang, and broke into Vietnam for twenty or fifty kilometers. The Vietnamese army adopted the tactics of local army, public security and civilian army resisting one after another at the border, and the main infantry division carried out mobile operations to exchange space for time to deal with the China army. Because of its lack of firepower and conservative tactics, although it caused heavy casualties to the China army, it was still unable to resist, and important strategic towns fell one after another.

stage Ⅱ

1February 27, 979 ~1March 5, 979

China's eastern troops captured lang son and Guangyuan, while the western troops captured Sabah, sealed the land, paved the building, and completed the scheduled combat mission. Then the China government announced that it began to withdraw its troops from Vietnam.

The third stage

1979 March 6 ~1979 March 16

China's army retreated while clearing up, at the same time, it bombed important military and political facilities in northern Vietnam and seized a large number of materials that supported Vietnam in the past. The Vietnamese army transferred some troops from the Cambodian battlefield to defend Hanoi, but did not dare to fight with the China army, so it had to retreat far behind China. In the process of withdrawing troops, a few China troops were attacked by Vietnamese local troops and armed militia, which caused certain losses. On March 16, all the troops of China withdrew from the country, and the war ended.

Post-war impact:

The impact of the war is lasting, especially for Vietnam. In the process of retreating back to China, China People's Liberation Army recovered the materials that had helped Vietnam before, which caused serious damage to villages, roads and railways in Vietnam.

Border conflicts continued throughout the 1980s, including the Battle of Laoshan and the Battle of Two Mountains in 1984. 1999, after years of negotiations, China and Viet Nam signed a border treaty, but the specific demarcation line remains confidential. The treaty included minor border adjustments and the return of some land to China. Vietnamese official media reported that the new border was actually implemented around August 200 1 year.

After the Sino-Vietnamese War, Vietnam did not converge, and the Sino-Vietnamese border friction remained frequent, which opened the Sino-Vietnamese border war in the next decade. 1988, the Chinese and Vietnamese navies also broke out in the Nansha Islands, and the Vietnamese navy recovered six islands and reefs in Nansha.

Because of poor Sino-Vietnamese relations, Chinese in Vietnam continue to be discriminated against by the Vietnamese authorities and forced to emigrate. Many of them were forced to flee as boat people and eventually moved to Australia, Europe or other Asian communities in North China, and some China people returned to settle down.

The impact of the war continues, especially in Vietnam. Today, Vietnam still maintains a relatively large military scale in the world, partly because of its concern for China. Today, Viet Nam still regards China as the biggest threat. In the war of 1979, the two sides did not solve the actual border problem because of this war, but further expanded the conflict. Since then, the Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia has officially begun to withdraw from the historical stage, while Laos has long been closely related to Vietnam.

This war was the last large-scale foreign war of the Indian People's Liberation Army after the Sino-Indian War of 1962. Through this war, the Indian military leadership found that the strength of the People's Liberation Army of China has been separated from that of that year. Since then, China's army has gradually moved towards modernization, and gradually got rid of the army-building line in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.