20 14 What are the natural disasters in China?
Source: Ministry of Civil Affairs Portal Time: 2014-10-2810: 49
Recently, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Office of the National Disaster Reduction Committee, together with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Health and Family Planning Commission, the Bureau of Statistics, the Forestry Bureau, the Seismological Bureau, the Meteorological Bureau, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Oceanic Administration, the General Staff Department, the General Political Department, the China Red Cross Society and the China Railway Corporation, discussed and analyzed the national natural disasters in the first three quarters of 20/0/4. It has been approved that in the first three quarters, drought, floods, typhoons and earthquakes were the main natural disasters in China, and disasters such as wind and hail, mountain collapse, landslides, mudslides, storm surges, biological disasters and forest and grassland fires also occurred to varying degrees. All kinds of natural disasters * * * caused 2452 1.9 million people to be affected, 1.536 people died, 240 people were missing, 6.067 million people were resettled urgently, and 2.692 million people needed emergency living assistance; 424,000 houses collapsed and 3.009 million houses were damaged to varying degrees; The affected area of crops is 24,899.3 thousand hectares, of which 2,853.9 thousand hectares will not be harvested; The direct economic loss is 31826 million yuan.
Compared with the same period in recent years, the overall disaster situation in the first three quarters was obviously lighter, and the disaster situation in some areas was heavier. Yunnan Ludian earthquake and typhoon rammasun caused a large number of casualties, and the summer drought in Huanghuai and other places in the northeast was serious, and the flood, wind and hail disasters were light. Natural disasters in the first three quarters mainly showed the following characteristics:
First, the earthquake activity is frequent, and the Ludian earthquake caused serious casualties. In the first three quarters, there were 5 earthquakes 15 in Chinese mainland, including 6 in Yunnan and Xinjiang and 3 in Tibet. There were three earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above, namely1February Yutian earthquake of magnitude 7.3 in Xinjiang, May 30th Yingjiang earthquake of magnitude 6. 1 in Yunnan, and August 3rd Ludian earthquake of magnitude 6.5. Among them, the Ludian earthquake with Ms 6.5 in Yunnan is the strongest earthquake in Ludian area with historical records, and it is also the strongest earthquake after the Yao 'an earthquake with Ms 6.5 in Yunnan Province in 2000, resulting in 6 17 deaths,12 missing, 3 143 injured and more than 200,000 farmhouses. It has seriously affected the production and life of the local people, resulting in direct economic losses of 2 billion/kloc-0.40 billion yuan (including Yunnan/kloc-0.985 billion yuan, Sichuan/kloc-0.70 billion yuan and Guizhou/kloc-0.20 billion yuan). Compared with the same period since 2004, the losses caused by earthquake disasters are obviously more, and the number of deaths and missing persons due to disasters is second only to 20 10 of Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 and Yushu earthquake in Qinghai.
Second, the flood disaster is generally light, and some areas in the south are seriously affected. In the first three quarters, more than 50 rivers in China experienced floods exceeding the guaranteed water level, more than 20 rivers experienced floods exceeding historical records, and the southern region suffered 33 large-scale heavy rainfall. In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, Yuanjiang, the Dongting Lake system, was flooded with the highest water level in history, and Beijiang, the Pearl River basin, was flooded once every 10 years, causing waterlogging in many urban areas, which greatly affected people's production, life and transportation. According to statistics, in the first three quarters, floods (including geological disasters) caused 7704 18 counties (cities, districts) in 28 provinces across the country to be affected, 7 12 people died and disappeared, and 3.666 million people were resettled urgently. 249,000 houses collapsed, and 6.5438+0.3 million houses were damaged to varying degrees; The affected area of crops is 5 139.4 thousand hectares, of which 753.6 thousand hectares will not be harvested. Compared with the same period since 2004, flood disasters (including geological disasters) are generally light, and the number of people missing due to disasters, the area affected by crops, the area where crops were not harvested, and the number of damaged houses are all about 50% less. Among them, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places were seriously affected, and the number of missing persons, emergency resettlement population and damaged houses accounted for more than 70% of the total losses in the country.
Third, there is high temperature and little rain in the northern region, and summer drought is prominent in Huanghuai and other places in the northeast. Since July, the high temperature and lack of rain in Northeast China, Huanghuai and other places have led to the rapid development of drought, reaching a peak in early August and gradually easing in late August, but it still has a certain impact on autumn grain production in some areas. According to statistics, drought * * * caused 1 province (autonomous region) 7 10000 people to be affected, and 1000 people needed life assistance due to drought. The affected area of crops is more than 8,000 thousand hectares, of which no crops are harvested 1000 thousand hectares. Compared with the same period since 2004, the drought is generally light, and the affected area, crop failure area and direct economic loss of crops are less than 30%. Among them, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Ningxia and other provinces were seriously affected, and 9.755 million people were rescued due to drought; The affected area of crops is 7028 thousand hectares, of which 9710.9 thousand hectares will not be harvested.
Fourth, the number and frequency of typhoon landings are relatively small, and the history of super typhoon is rare. In the first three quarters, five typhoons landed in Chinese mainland, and the number of landings was obviously less than that in the same period of the previous year (6.5). Among them, it is rare that there was no typhoon in August. Generally speaking, typhoons landed in China earlier this year, among which 1409 typhoon rammasun and 14 16 typhoon Medham landed three times respectively, and 14 16 typhoon landed as many as four times, which was the first time in 25 years. "rammasun" is the strongest typhoon that landed in South China since 1973, and it also has the most serious impact on Hainan Province since 2000. More than 0/00 flights in Hainan and other places were cancelled, many ferries and passenger ships were suspended, and many trains were suspended. Haikou and Wenchang in Hainan, Xuwen and Leizhou in Guangdong, Beihai and Fangchenggang in Guangxi were once interrupted in large areas, and seawater backflow occurred in many places. According to statistics, in the first three quarters, typhoon disaster * * * caused11364 counties (cities, districts), 26 150000 people died and disappeared,17/kloc-. 53,000 houses collapsed and 590,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees.
Fifth, the low temperature rain and snow affected Spring Festival travel rush at the beginning of the year, and the loss of wind and hail disasters was relatively light. In February, frequent low-temperature rain and snow weather processes continued to occur in the central and eastern regions, and the maximum cooling range was generally above 18 degrees, and the cooling range in some areas reached 18 degrees. Low-temperature freezing and snowstorm occurred in Anhui, Zhejiang and Hubei, causing 10 deaths, freezing cash crops such as tea and rape, and damaging some power and communication infrastructure. Among them, the large-scale rain and snow weather process in central and eastern China on February 4-7 had a great impact on the return traffic in Spring Festival travel rush. According to statistics, in the first three quarters, 22.597 million people in 30 provinces 1 132 counties (cities, districts) were affected, 165 people died and disappeared, and1/0000 people were urgently relocated. 65,438+2,000 houses collapsed and 288,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees. Compared with the same period since 2004, the disaster situation is generally light, with less than 50% missing persons, emergency resettlement population and damaged houses.
The National Disaster Reduction Office of the Ministry of Civil Affairs released the national disaster situation on 20 14 and 10.
Source: Ministry of Civil Affairs Portal Time: 2014-1-0608:10.
Recently, the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Office of the National Disaster Reduction Committee, together with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Health and Family Planning Commission, the Statistics Bureau, the Forestry Bureau, the Seismological Bureau, the Meteorological Bureau, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Oceanic Administration, the General Political Department, the China Red Cross Society, the China Railway Corporation and other departments, conducted a consultation and analysis on the national natural disasters in 20 14 10. It was approved that in June+10, 5438, earthquakes, floods, low-temperature freezing and snow disasters were the main natural disasters in China, and disasters such as drought, wind hail, mountain collapse, landslides and forest and grassland fires also occurred to varying degrees. All kinds of natural disasters * * * caused 3.25 million people in 2 1 province (autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government) and 20 1 county (city, district) to be affected, 29 people were killed, 1 person was missing,1280,000 people were urgently relocated, and 70,000 people needed emergency living. More than 8,000 houses collapsed, and 6.5438+0.79 million houses were damaged to varying degrees; The affected area of crops was 353.7 thousand hectares, of which 42. 1 thousand hectares were rejected; The direct economic loss is 8 1. 1 billion yuan.
Compared with the same period in recent years, the overall disaster situation in June+10/October, 5438 was lighter, and the disaster situation in some areas was heavier. The earthquake disaster in Jinggu, Yunnan has a great impact. The low-temperature freezing snow disaster in northeast and northwest China is serious, and the flood disaster is generally light. The disaster mainly presents the following three characteristics: First, the Jinggu earthquake has a great impact. On June+10/October, 5438, there were three earthquakes with magnitude above 5 in Chinese mainland, and Sichuan-Yunnan-Qinghai 1 time, which was more than the same period in history. Among them, the Jinggu 6.6 earthquake in Yunnan has the highest magnitude, which is June 7, 65438. Since then, three earthquakes of magnitude 4 or above have occurred in Jinggu, Yunnan Province, causing 373,000 people to be affected, 1 dead, 33 1 injured,1kloc-0/4,000 people to be relocated urgently, and more than 7,000 houses collapsed. The direct economic loss was 565,438+1100 million yuan, and the infrastructure such as transportation, communication, electricity, farmland and water conservancy was seriously damaged, which had a great impact on the production and life of local people.
Second, local low-temperature freezing and snowstorm are prominent. In the month of 65438+ 10, there was obvious rain and snow cooling weather in the northeast, northwest and inner Mongolia, and the local drop reached 14- 18℃. The low temperature rain and snow weather caused serious damage to crops such as cotton, vegetables and melons. According to statistics, the low-temperature freezing snow disaster has affected 65.438+0.329 million people in 68 counties (cities, districts) in 7 provinces across the country, and the affected area of crops is 65.438+0.24 million hectares, of which 22.5 thousand hectares were not harvested and the direct economic loss was 65.438+0.57 billion yuan.
Third, the flood disaster is generally light. 10 In late October, heavy rainfall occurred in Hainan, Sichuan Basin, Guizhou and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. On 24th-27th, the rainfall in 43 townships in Hainan * * * exceeded 300mm, and the maximum rainfall was 605.8mm in Wancheng Town, Wanning City. From 27th to 30th, precipitation in Sichuan and Guizhou exceeded 50 mm, and in some areas it exceeded 100 mm ... Heavy rainfall caused waterlogging in cities such as Qionghai, Hainan, and many highways in southwest China were closed. According to statistics, the flood disaster (including geological disasters) caused 862,000 people in 53 counties (cities, districts) in 12 provinces nationwide, 22 people died and disappeared, and10.2 million people were urgently transferred and resettled; The affected area of crops 106.2 thousand hectares, of which no crops110.3 thousand hectares; The direct economic loss was 530 million yuan.