Introduction of Mang Species in the Twenty-four Solar Terms

Mango is the ninth of the 24 solar terms, and it is the beginning of the noon month in the dry calendar. At this time, the bucket handle of the Big Dipper points to the third position (due south-east), and the sun reaches 75 degrees of the yellow meridian. Miscanthus, "Miscanthus" refers to some crops with awns, such as rice, millet and millet. "Seed" refers to "seed" and "seed" used for sowing. The meaning of awn seed is: "Food crops with awns can be planted, and then they will fail." Significance of farming: guiding farming. Season: summer. Climate characteristics: abundant rainfall, strong sunshine and significant temperature rise. Agriculture: planting cereal crops such as rice (South); Harvest wheat (North).

In the awning season, the temperature rises obviously, the rainfall is abundant, and the air humidity is high, which is suitable for planting cereal crops such as late rice. The solar term of awn seed is the dividing point of planting crop opportunity. Because of the hot weather, it has entered a typical summer, and agricultural sowing is bounded by this season. After this solar term, the survival rate of crops is getting lower and lower. Ear planting is the season for planting cereal crops, and late rice should be planted at this time. In southern rice areas, "awn seed" is the peak season for transplanting rice. The northern region is dryland agriculture, and wheat is the main food crop. This season is the harvest season of the northern summer crop wheat. The arrival of "Mangzi" marks another round of busy farming. People in the south are busy transplanting rice seedlings and harvesting wheat in the north.

The word "awn seed" was first recorded in the book "Zhou Li" in the Han Dynasty: "Grass is born, and awn seeds are planted." Zheng Xuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty explained: "Grass is born, and its land can be planted with awn seeds, awn seeds, rice and wheat." In the Yuan Dynasty, Wu Cheng's book "The Seventy-two Seasons of the Moon Order" said: "The May Festival means that there are awn crops in the valley." The literal meaning of awn seed in the book is "rice and grass with awn can be sown". Chen Sanmo, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, said in "A General Examination of Chronology" that "awn is also the last straw. Plant, plant also. It is said that the valley with awns can be planted at this time, so it is called awn seed, which is also the solar term in May! " In other words, awn means the needle on the top of the grass, planting and sowing. The awn seed is a grain with awns, and it can be sown at this time. Rice cultivation is generally in the southern region where paddy fields are dominant. The northern region is dryland agriculture, and wheat is the main food crop. For the northern region, "awn seed" is the season when wheat matures, so the meaning of "awn seed" is also interpreted as "the wheat with awn is about to be harvested, and the rice with awn can be planted". Wheat harvest increased, including rice sowing in the south and wheat harvest in the north.