What inventions did Luban have?

Question 1: What did Lu Ban invent. Lu Ban made many inventions, including inventions in machinery, civil engineering, and handicrafts.

Many ancient books such as "Shi Cyan Pearl", "Wu Yuan" and "Ancient History" record that many tools and instruments used by carpenters were created by him, such as the curved ruler (also called the moment or Luban ruler). ), and tools such as ink fountains, planes, drills, chisels, shovels, saws, etc. are also said to have been invented by Lu Ban. According to records in the "Shiben", the stone mill was also invented by Lu Ban.

There are many kinds of Luban's inventions and creations, which are scattered in books after the Warring States Period. The main ones are:

(1) Mechanical seal. "Book of Rites Tan Gong" records that he designed a "mechanical seal" to bury Ji Kangzi's mother using a mechanical method. His skills are convincing. However, thick burials were prevalent at that time, and this method was not adopted.

(2) Agricultural machinery. The invention and adoption of advanced agricultural machinery was one of the important conditions for the development of agriculture in ancient China. "Shiben" said that Luban made stones, and "Wuyuan Qiyuan" also said that he made rice hullers, mills, and rollers. These grain processing machinery were very advanced at the time. In addition, "Ancient History" records that Luban made a shovel.

(3) Woodworking tools. Many utensils in ancient times were made of wood, so fine tools were very important to carpenters. "Wuyuan? Qiyuan" says that Luban made a drill (a tool for correcting the bending of wood). "Luban Jing" also calls the curved ruler used in carpentry "Luban ruler", indicating that ancient craftsmen believed that the curved ruler was invented by Lu Ban, but this is just a legend. The curved ruler was a commonly used woodworking tool before Luban.

(4) Lock key. In the time of King Mu of Zhou Dynasty, there was a simple lock key, which was shaped like a fish. The lock key improved by Lu Ban is shaped like a worm, with a mechanism inside, which can only be opened with the key, and can replace human guarding.

(5) Weapons. Hooks and ladders were commonly used weapons in the late Spring and Autumn Period. "Mozi? Lu Wen" records that Lu Ban transformed the hook into a "hook strong" for boat warfare. The Chu army used this weapon to engage in water battles with the Yue army. When the overshipping ship retreated, it would hook it, and when the overcoming ship attacked, it would be pushed back. it. "Mozi Gongshu" records that he transformed the ladder into a cloud ladder that could stand in the air and used it to attack cities.

(6) Bionic machinery. "Mozi Lu Wen" also records that Lu Ban cut wood and bamboo to make a magpie, which could fly for three days. According to "Hongshu" records, he also made wooden kites to get a glimpse of Song Dynasty. "Lunheng? Ziji? Ruzeng" records a rumor that he made a wooden chariot and horse with mechanisms and a wooden charioteer to carry his mother.

(7) Engraving. "Shu Yi Ji" records that Lu Ban once carved the "Kiuzhou Map" on stone, which is probably the earliest stone map. In addition, it is said in ancient times that Luban carved an exquisite stone phoenix.

(8) Civil construction. Both "Shijiyuan" and "Muyuan Murohara" said that Luban created the pavilion, that is, the base on which the door knocker is installed. In ancient times, it was also said that he was responsible for building bridges; his wife Yun invented the umbrella to protect the craftsmen from the sun and rain.

Cloud ladder - Cloud ladder is an ancient siege equipment. Legend has it that it was invented by Lu Ban.

Gouqiang - "Gouqiang" is also called "Gouji" and "Gouju". It is a fighting tool used in ancient water warfare. It can hook or hinder enemy warships.

Wooden Kite - It is said to be a war reconnaissance tool made of bamboo.

Saw - Legend has it that the saw was also invented by Lu Ban. In fact, according to archaeologists, humans living in China have been processing and using toothed stone sickles and clam sickles as early as the Neolithic Age. It is the prototype of the saw. Hundreds of years before Lu Ban was born, in the Zhou Dynasty, people were already using copper saws, and the word "saw" had already appeared.

Curved ruler - the earliest name of the curved ruler is "Ji", also known as Luban ruler. "Mozi - Tianzhi 1" says: The wheelwright follows his rules to measure the circumference of the world. Rules, namely compasses and curved rulers. The curved ruler is composed of a ruler handle and a ruler wing, which are perpendicular to each other and form a right angle. The ruler handle is as short as one foot and is mainly used for measuring. The ruler wings are of varying length, with the longest being twice as long as the ruler handle. It is mainly used for measuring right angles and balancing lines. . Carpenters use a ruler to measure right angles, planes, lengths and even balance lines.

Ink fountain - an ink fountain is a tool used by woodworkers to stretch threads. This tool stores ink in a bucket-shaped box. The thread is passed through the ink hole from one end for dyeing. The end of the dyed thread is a small wooden hook. It is called "Ban Mu" and it is said that it was invented by Lu Ban's mother.

Question 2: What did Lu Ban invent? There are many folk legends about Lu Ban's invention and creation, but it is difficult for us to distinguish the authenticity from the only remaining historical materials. However, Lu Ban is the originator of Chinese architects and no one can deny it.

(1) Cloud ladder: It is an instrument used for siege in ancient times. "Mozi Gongshu" records: Gongshu Pan was a tool used by Chu to build a ladder, and it was completed. "Warring States Policy: Gongshu Pan Sets Up the Rules for Chu" writes that when Mozi went to see Gongshu Pan, he said: I heard that Gongshu Pan was a ladder. Both prove Lu Ban's deeds of building a ladder.

(2) Gouqiang: Gouqiang is also called Gouji and Gouju. It was a fighting tool used in ancient water warfare. According to "Mozi? Lu Wen" records: In the past, Chu and Yue fought on the water, because the Chu people advanced with the current and retreated against the current. They advanced when they saw advantages and retreated when they saw disadvantages. The Yue people advance against the current and retreat with the current. If they see the advantage of advancing, if they see the disadvantage, they will retreat quickly, causing Chu to be defeated by Yue. In order to change the situation of the war, when Lu Ban first arrived in Chu, Chu made the first concession to make this kind of weapon, which could hook the retreating enemy ships and resist the attacking enemy ships.

(3) Wooden magpie: a flying instrument made of bamboo. According to "Mozi? Lu Wen" records: Gong Shuzi whittled bamboo and wood to make a magpie, and when it was ready, it flew and stayed there for three days.

(4) Woodworking tools: During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the production technology level of construction woodworking had reached a very high level. Lu Ban and the craftsmen at that time were inseparable from woodworking tools when building houses and bridges. "Mencius Li Lou" said: The master's trick is that it cannot be made into a circle without rules. This shows that there were rules and regulations at that time. The curved ruler in use today may have been developed by Luban on the basis of moments. Modern woodworkers call it Luban ruler.

The small hook used to stretch the ink line is also called "Ban Mu", and the bayonet that holds the wood when planing is also called "Ban Wives".

Luban made the world The first saw he got - an iron bar with many small teeth

Luban also had certain attainments in weapons. According to "Mozi. "Gongshu Chapter" records that Lu Ban once manufactured "Go Ladders" for sieges and "Gouqiang" (also known as "Gouji") for water warfare for the Chu State, both of which played a relatively large role in the war.

Flying kites, ladders (heavy weapons), hooks (people still use them today) and other siege weapons, ink fountains, planes, drills, chisels, shovels, rulers, bolts, and umbrellas

Question 3: What other things did Luban invent and create? How did he invent it? ‘Lu Ban’s many inventions and creations, including woodworking tools, ancient weapons, agricultural machinery, bionic machinery and other various types of inventions and creations, are scattered in books after the Warring States Period. Lu Ban is regarded as the embodiment of a skilled craftsman, and is even revered as the ancestor of civil engineering craftsmen.

Woodworking tools

According to many ancient books such as "Shi Cyan Pearl", "Wu Yuan", and "Ancient History", many tools and equipment used in woodworking were created by him. , such as the curved ruler (also called the moment or Luban ruler), as well as the ink fountain, plane, drill, as well as chisels, shovels, saws and other tools that are also said to have been invented by Luban. The invention of these woodworking tools liberated the craftsmen at that time from primitive and heavy labor, the labor efficiency

Luban ruler

increased exponentially, and a new look appeared in civil engineering. Later, in order to commemorate this famous master, people respected him as the ancestor of Chinese civil craftsmen.

(1) Saw

Legend has it that the saw was also invented by Lu Ban. In fact, archaeologists have discovered that humans living in China have been processing and using toothed saws as early as the Neolithic Age. The stone sickle and clam sickle are the prototype of the saw. Hundreds of years before Lu Ban was born, in the Zhou Dynasty, people were already using copper saws, and the word "saw" had already appeared.

The following is one of the widely circulated legends about Lu Ban's invention of the saw. The author is unknown. In modern times, some people use this legend to believe that Lu Ban was a pioneer in the use of "bionics":

According to legend, Lu Ban accepted architecture The task of a huge palace. A lot of wood was needed, so Lu Ban asked his apprentices to go up the mountain and cut down trees. The apprentices used axes to chop, which was inefficient. The craftsmen worked hard every day from dawn to dusk, but they could not cut down many trees, which delayed the progress of the project. Seeing that the project deadline was getting closer and closer, Lu Ban was very anxious. For this reason, he decided to go to the mountain village to see the situation of felling trees in person. While going up the mountain, he accidentally grabbed a handful of a kind of weed growing on the mountain, and his hand was scratched. Lu Ban felt very strange. Why could a piece of soft grass cut his hand? So he picked off a leaf and observed it carefully, and found that there were many small teeth on both sides of the leaf. When he touched it gently with his hand, these small teeth were very sharp. Lu Ban realized that it was these small teeth that scratched his hand. Later, Lu Ban saw a large locust eating leaves on a grass. The two large fangs were very sharp. They opened and closed and quickly ate a large piece. This also aroused Lu Ban's curiosity, and he caught it. A locust carefully observes the structure of the locust's mouth and finds that the two large teeth of the locust are also arranged with many small teeth. The locust relies on these small teeth to bite off grass blades. Because of these two things, Luban was greatly inspired and fell into deep thinking. He wondered, if it were made into a jagged felling tool, would it be equally sharp? So he used a large moso bamboo to make a piece of bamboo with many small saw teeth, and then tried sawing a small tree. The result was good. The bark was torn in a few strokes. After a few more pulls, a groove was drawn on the small tree trunk. , Luban was very happy. However, because the bamboo pieces are relatively soft and have poor strength, they cannot be used for a long time. After pulling for a while, the small saw teeth may break or become blunt, so the bamboo pieces need to be replaced. This affects the speed of felling trees, and using too many bamboo chips is also a big waste. It seems that bamboo slices are not suitable as a material for making saw teeth. A material with higher strength and hardness should be found to replace it. At this time, Luban thought of iron slices. So they immediately went down the mountain and asked the blacksmiths to make iron sheets with small saw teeth, and then went to the mountain to try sawing trees. Lu Ban and his apprentice each pulled one end and pulled it up on a tree. As they went back and forth, they cut the tree in a short while. It was fast and labor-saving. This is how the saw was invented.

(2) Curved ruler

The earliest name of the curved ruler is "moment", also known as Luban ruler. Legend has it that it was invented by Luban.

"Mozi - Tianzhi 1" said: The wheelwright adheres to his rules to measure the circumference of the world. Rules, namely compasses and curved rulers. The curved ruler is composed of a ruler handle and a ruler wing, which are perpendicular to each other and form a right angle. The ruler handle is as short as one foot and is mainly used for measuring. The ruler wings are of varying length, with the longest being twice as long as the ruler handle. It is mainly used for measuring right angles and balancing lines. . Carpenters use a ruler to measure right angles, planes, lengths and even balance lines.

The following are various related records.

The earliest records are in the Southern Song Dynasty. Chen Yuanliang's "Shi Lin Guang Ji Yi Yin Ji" Volume 6 "Luban Ruler Method": "(Huainanzi said) The rule is based on the official rule of one foot and two inches, which is divided into eight inches. The text is called Cai, and the ruler is divided into eight inches. Disease, Li, Yi, Guan, Jie, Harm, Ji are the main seven stars in the Big Dipper and the main and auxiliary stars. Using the ruler method, starting from the word wealth, it does not matter whether it is one zhang or ten zhang. Use it to measure the auspicious inches within a foot; if it encounters auspicious stars, it will be auspicious, and if it encounters an inauspicious star, it will be inauspicious. From ancient times to the present, whether it is public or private, it is important to be square and straight, and it is especially suitable for officials. If the ruler is divided into long and short inches, or the character Ji is changed to the original character, the rest are the same."

Volume 6 of the Ming Dynasty edition of "Lu Ban's Construction Official" has a diagram of a curved ruler and a straight ruler, and the picture is titled. Lu...gt;gt;

Question 4: What tools did Lu Ban invent? At the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, social changes gave craftsmen some freedom and opportunities to display their talents. Under this circumstance, Luban made inventions in machinery, civil engineering, handicrafts, etc. Today, hand tools used by carpenters, such as saws, drills, planes, shovels, rulers, and ink fountains for marking, were all invented by Lu Ban, according to legend. The invention of every tool was inspired by Luban's production practice and was developed through repeated research and testing.

Question 5: What invention stories does Luban have? Luban's invention "planing"

Before Luban, carpenters only used axes and knives to flatten the wood for their construction, and the results, even if they were done well, were difficult and satisfying. Later, Luban discovered through long-term practice that the thinner the blade he used, the flatter the surface he created and the easier it was to dry. In this way, this planing gradually evolved from Luban's practice, initially with a thin ax blade, later with a blade fixed to a piece of wood and crossed over the handle, and finally the blade was fixed in the wooden groove - this is what we The plane we are familiar with today. Luban's wife was also an inventor who inspired her husband. When Luban was planing the wood, she had to stand on one end of the wood and hold the rough slab. Since she had other obligations to fulfill, it was not ideal to do such a thing, so she invented a wooden trough for the wood planing workbench to withstand the pressure of Luban's wood planing, making wood planing possible by one person. work. The wooden trough she invented became known as Banzhi.

Ink fountain

Another very important tool invented by Luban is the craftsman's ink fountain (used for setting construction projects). This invention may have been inspired by his mother. At that time, his mother was cutting and sewing clothes. Luban watched all this and saw that she was using a small powder bag and a thread to print out the desired shape. Luban transferred this method to an ink fountain, pinched both ends of a thread (thread soaked with the ink fountain) and placed it on the material to be made to print the required lines. Initially, Luban and his mother had to hold both ends of the line. Later his mother suggested that he make a small hook and tie it to one end of the line, thereby freeing her from the chore and allowing one person to perform it. In order to commemorate Lu Ban's mother, craftsmen still call this ink fountain Ban Mu.

Ruler

Another symbol of Luban's invention is the triangular plate that can correctly draw right angles, also known as Ban ruler. It can tell the craftsman which dimensions are irregular and according to the The rules of divination (feng shui) which are unlucky. These rulers are still available in Hong Kong today. Luban attached great importance to the invention of the saw. Or be inspired by a blade of grass with a toothed edge and cut your finger, or see a cricket cutting and eating food with its sharp teeth and leave. Regardless, most are described below. Luban and the craftsmen encountered a task that required them to cut down a large amount of wood. After several days of cutting, they were exhausted and the axes they used were dull. At this time, Lu Ban suddenly cut his finger on a blade of grass. He immediately thought: It would be a good way to make a tool like this to cut wood. He selected a piece of bamboo and used an ax to cut a row of teeth on its edge. The new saw cut through the bark easily, and the soft bamboo teeth wore away quickly as he cut across the tree. However, this proves the principle that sawing can break wood. So Lu Ban put down what he was doing and went to the blacksmith, asking him to prepare an iron plate as hard and sharp as an axe, and then make it into a tooth shape. Luban had this first artificial saw blade, and used it on a wooden roof truss to cut wood accurately and effortlessly.

Bolt

Another symbol of Luban’s invention is the bolt. In ancient times, bolts used by people were shaped like fish and hung on doors. Needham points out that Luban replaced these pegs with keys shaped like tamper keys, which depended on the exact function of the mating parts. Luban's skills were sufficient to create such a device, and it is said that he also invented the lock tumbler that is still used in many locks today. Other symbols of Luban's inventions are drills, wedges, windlass, shovels and stone mills for grinding rice. The stone grinder was invented when Lu Ban saw an old woman struggling to use a hammer and mortar. After much consideration, he made two thick stone slices and cut them into cylinders, and then made holes on their surfaces, one on top of the other, and placed wheat and rice between them. When the upper cylinder rotated, the powder (or flour) comes out.

Umbrella

The final word for this invention was attributed to Lu Ban’s wife. In ancient times, rainy days and hot summers plagued people, and people had to hide under small pavilions instead of going out.

There is such a legend that Luban built many small pavilions around his neighbors for everyone to use, but they still did not allow people to go out freely during the stormy season. Lu Ban's wife then made a lightweight bamboo pavilion with oiled paper according to the style of the pavilion built by her husband - of course it was an umbrella. His wife said to Luban: "The house you built cannot be lifted and moved. My umbrella can carry it around and provide protection in various seasons."

Luban Temple

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Question 6: What did Lu Ban invent? Give me a brief introduction? Luban has many inventions and creations. Many ancient books record that many woodworking tools used by carpenters were invented by him. Like the curved ruler used by carpenters, it is called Luban ruler. Another example is the ink fountain, saw, plane, drill, etc. It is said that Lu Ban invented it.

Question 7: What is Luban’s most famous invention? Luban invented the saw, the ink fountain, the plane, etc.

The most famous one is probably the saw.

It is said that one time when he went into the mountains to cut down trees, his hand was accidentally scratched by a leaf of a weed. He took off the leaf and touched it gently. It turned out that there were sharp teeth on both sides of the leaf. His hand was scratched by these small teeth. He also saw a large locust on a weed. The two large teeth were also lined with many small teeth, so they could grind the leaves quickly. Luban was inspired by these two things. He thought that if he had such a toothed tool, wouldn't he be able to saw through trees quickly? So, after many experiments, he finally invented a sharp saw, which greatly improved work efficiency.

Saws made it easy for people to process large pieces of wood. Improved production efficiency.