Bird line drawing illustration-how to draw a handwritten newspaper to protect birds

How to draw beautiful bird wings

How to draw beautiful bird wings is as follows:

Material preparation: paper, pencil, and colored pens.

Operation steps:

The first step is line drawing.

The second step is to apply the background color.

The third step is to apply light and shade.

The fourth step is to deepen the dark parts.

The fifth step is to emphasize the bright parts and apply bright colored feathers one by one along the shape.

The sixth step is to continue to refine.

The seventh step is to add the luminescent layer.

Step 8. Color fusion_lighten the color of the wings and blend it with the skin color. This 400-year-old classic of natural history of birds is so beautiful to read in spring

Spring is warm, flowers are blooming, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant.

Every year from March to May, migratory birds fly across thousands of mountains and rivers back to the north - which also marks that the best time for spring bird watching in my country has arrived

>

Although "bird watching" sounds niche, in recent years, some groups who enjoy it have been born in major cities, known as "bird people"

"(Birder).

Relevant data shows that as early as 2019, the number of "birders" in our country has exceeded 6 figures, and the number is still increasing rapidly

But it is different from modern birdwatching Different from the UK where the activity originated,

In China, bird watching is regarded as a fashionable natural activity, mainly among young people

It is labeled as "middle class" or "knowledgeable" Molecule" label.

It just so happens that April 10th to 16th is "

Bird Love Week

". Today, I would like to recommend a new book for everyone——

"Natural History of Birds"

Author

Dr. Roger J. Leder

, ornithologist, 40 He has been deeply engaged in bird research for many years and is an honorary professor of biological sciences at California State University.

Sounds strange, right? But in fact, you have already met him through various documentaries - he has also served as a bird consultant for BBC, National Geographic and other TV stations.

So, you don’t have to worry about his books being boring and difficult to understand.

In fact, the English title of this book is more intuitive, called Ornithology and The Great Bird Artists - Ornithology and the Great Bird Artists,

It selects 40 of the best bird artists in the past 400 years. Importantly influential artists who specialize in bird painting and their works

On the topic of natural history and art, Mr. Yang Zhenning, the Nobel Prize winner in physics, has a saying that is more intuitive: "The Western publishing industry has a very clear view on natural history and art. It was hundreds of years ahead of China.” Another Nobel Prize winner, Mr. Mo Yan, also said: “Birds, animals, fish and insects are the friends of mankind and the source of science and art.”

Now, let’s do that. Let's take a look at "Natural History of Birds" to see how the illustrations of birds, which are so common in our daily lives, have remained the same for ornithologists and artists for centuries. Thanks to the hard work of the day, it has become as vivid and accurate as it is now!

As a pure art

Early bird painting

Carved from the earliest human ancestors Or since the beginning of drawing images of feathered animals, birds have been an object of art for at least 40,000 years.

Birds appear in our folklore, myths and symbols.

Before the 17th century, birds were symbols of spiritual guidance in many cultures.

The bird represents the soul ascending to heaven, the peacock represents eternal life, the crow represents evil thoughts, the owl represents wisdom, and the vulture represents greed and corruption.

In medieval paintings, the red-fronted goldfinch was often used to depict the story of Christ's resurrection. Its wings are golden and its face is red. It likes to eat thistle seeds and has become a symbol of religion.

According to limited information, all we know so far is that,

The painting category of bird illustrations may have begun with "The Art of Bird Hunting" written by Peter II.

(About 1245).

Although these works have made great efforts in ornithology and illustration,

The sudden increase in realistic paintings focusing on birds can only be traced back to the Renaissance.

, but the background of their birth has little connection with the development of natural science.

From the 16th to the 19th centuries, historical painting was regarded as the most important genre. The subject matter usually involves classical history, mythology, or the Bible. Storeroom scenes are also a common theme, showing game being prepared for the table.

And these are inseparable from the addition of the important image of "bird".

In addition, during this period, portraiture was also the main form of painting. Especially after the end of the 17th century, with the great geographical discoveries, new species continued to emerge, and the relationship between people and pets became increasingly close. Coupled with the popularity of hunting, the demand for bird art also increased.

The most important of them is,

Frances Snyders

, a master painter from Antwerp. He was often employed by Rubens, who painted still lifes and animals in his works.

But what appears more in his paintings is——

Birds

In the 16th century, people based their views on the "nobility" of birds Give it different levels

. Eagles, Eagles and Nian are higher level than other birds.

In second place are birds that eat insects and other invertebrates, such as cuckoos, nightingales, parrots and pheasants. Waterbirds that eat plants come in third place, such as geese, swans and ducks. Seed-eating songbirds ranked last.

In some of Snyders' paintings, the mute swan has always been at the center, its heavy white body spread out on the table, its long neck and head drooping over the edge. The mute swan may symbolize purity, or its color and size may bring balance to the composition.

In other words,

The appearance or disappearance of a certain bird in the painting may be related to the ranking of the bird, or it may just be a decision made by the artist to balance the color of the painting.

After Snyders, bird themes became popular in 17th-century Flemish art.

Karl Peters Fabritius

, one of Rembrandt’s most outstanding students.

His "The Goldfinch" can be said to be one of the most eye-catching studies of a certain bird. More importantly,

This painting is the first time a single bird has been painted. The portrait made room for it and made it the center of the picture

In addition, during this period, there was another famous bird painter - Melchior Hong De Cooter

Hunde Cooter is arguably the only painter in the Netherlands who appreciates birds as sentient animals

. Prior to this, other painters seemed to focus only on color and viewed birds as embellishments of the landscape.

Although artists have made great progress in painting bird images since this period, unfortunately, artists can only draw based on their own memories, other people's descriptions, and even their own imaginations.

So,

Although the pictures are complicated, the artistic representation of birds is completely distorted from the perspective of current science

Ornithology After the Birth

Bird Art

In Europe, the birth of ornithology as a science was inseparable from the urgent need to accurately depict bird images.

With the opening of new shipping routes, new birds are constantly being discovered, and the newly collected birds need to be classified and illustrated.

Ornithology also starts from nature. Gradually rising in history and natural history

Without using graphics to accurately depict the appearance and anatomy of birds, it can be said that the classification and information exchange about birds cannot be carried out. It is no exaggeration to say that during this period, it was art that made the development of ornithology possible

So, during this period, you will find that there has never been anything like this in the history of science. A phenomenon that has occurred -

An ornithologist with outstanding academic achievements must first be a master of bird painting with superb skills

Among them, the first thing to mention is What arrived was the British naturalist and founder of American ornithology

Mark Catesby

, who was the first to link birds with the plants and animals they prey on. The person who depicts it.

The birds painted by Catesby are very lifelike.

He set a new standard for bird art by painting animals and plants together, and this style dominates bird art today

Another The important bird painter is Alexander Wilson, who is known as the "Father of American Ornithology". At the age of 27, he met a Scotsman, Alexander Lawson, who taught him drawing and etching.

The paintings in Wilson's books were all drawn by himself. He integrated his field observations into the drawings of birds. Although he did not draw too many environmental features, the postures of the birds were different, and they were Stance is very consistent in the wild.

Limited by the printing costs at the time, Wilson had to draw many different birds on the same page. Most of these birds had no particularly obvious internal connections, which was a bit regretful.

Scientist and historian Eliot Koues pointed out, "Even if every previous book by Wilson on the birds of America were destroyed, the scientific community would be little damaged."

It is hard to imagine a higher evaluation than this

After this, the world of bird art will usher in a landmark figure——

John James Audubon

He is considered an unparalleled bird artist in American history.

Audubon's Birds of America (1838) is considered one of the best books ever written in the field of ornithology.

He was also one of only two Americans to be elected as a member of the Royal Society (the most important scientific organization at the time), the other being Benjamin Franklin.

The Golden Age of the Development of Ornithology

From 1831 to 1836, Charles Darwin completed his famous voyage on the warship "Beagle". When he returned to England, he had become a well-known scientist.

In 1859, his classic work "The Origin of Species" was finally published. The Galapagos finches he discovered provided evidence for Darwin's theory that "species are not immutable".

John Gould and Elizabeth Gould's "The Great-billed Ground Fin", from Charles Robert Darwin's Zoology during the Voyage of the Beagle, Part Three: Birds ", (1838-1841).

Darwin showed great interest in the sexual selection process of birds

: In birds, males tend to have more gorgeous feathers than females in order to attract the opposite sex. The reason for this is that Darwin may have been curious about colorful birds such as parrots or peacocks, which were common art subjects of the era.

Darwin borrowed some books illustrated by

Edward Lear

from the Royal Society Library and called one of them "a great 's writings".

And Edward Leal was the first important ornithological artist to paint birds from live birds rather than from specimens

In 1839, Leal may have drawn illustrations for Darwin's journal The Voyage of the Beagle.

The 19th century was the golden age for the development of ornithology

It was difficult for artists to compare the birds on one page with the birds on another page. To make it easier, they began to Putting several similar birds on the same page is the core of monograph illustration.

For example, "The Kingfisher Album" by Richard Bowdler Sharpe, illustrated by

John Gerard Colemans

Draw.

From 1870 to 1900, any important ornithological work would be incomplete without Colemans' illustrations.

Colemans can be said to be the most outstanding illustrator of bird books in the 19th century

According to incomplete statistics, Colemans created between 4000 and 5000 works in his lifetime. There are many, mainly birds, but also a few mammals, insects and shellfish.

As individual expeditions or expeditions funded by sponsors have gradually declined, more purposeful government-funded expeditions have entered the stage of history.

This requires explorers to find a systematic method to integrate new discoveries into the existing scientific framework. Artists not only reproduce scientific discoveries in paintings, but also actively participate in them.

Robert Ridgway

is a typical representative.

Robert Ridgway

Robert Ridgway described more North American bird species than any other ornithologist of the time.

After gaining extensive experience in painting bird portraits and writing detailed descriptions of birds,

Ridgway realized the need to regulate colors and color names

In 1886, his

"Instructions for Naturalists on Color Nomenclature and Compendium of Practical Knowledge for Ornithologists"

was published. In 1912, he published a larger book containing 1,115 colors, which became the standard followed not only by naturalists, but also by manufacturers of paints, chemicals, and wallpapers.

In an era when photography is so convenient

Why do we still need illustrations of birds?

Before the late 18th century, people were mainly interested in birds. Use them as food or as decorative elements in paintings.

At the beginning of the Victorian era, birds became the object of serious study.

In 1904, a "Bird-land" brand camera for photographing wild animals appeared on the market. In 1912, the first Bird Photography Expo was held in London. By then, birdwatchers, artists, and naturalists had been able to take home photos of birds taken in the wild.

With the advancement of equipment and technology in photography and printing, whether it is used for scientific illustrations or consumed with thousands of dollars, the level of art has been improved

In recent years, some talented people have Bird artists have published many wonderful works, with details such as feathers, scales and eye color.

Elizabeth Butterworth

The birds drawn by Elizabeth Butterworth, whether whole or body parts, are as delicate and realistic as photos.

Raymond Harris-Chin

Placing meticulously painted birds into unique environments.

Janet Turner

Fill the entire frame with various birds.

The Pelican by Janet Turner

The answer is that a photograph captures a bird as it is at a particular time, its posture, feathers, legs, and light They are all frozen in this moment. A few seconds later, the next photo you take may look completely different from the last one.

The painting shows the bird in its ideal pose and color, drawing attention to the bird's most important identifying features.

The era of scientific illustrations continues, but the content has changed.

The illustrated bird books published today, whether they are field guides or picture albums, are not mainly for scientific research, but for cultivating emotions and cultivating one’s character.

Today, the aesthetic function of bird art is far greater than its symbolic meaning

"Natural History of Birds"

Hunan Science and Technology Press's mission to protect birds How to draw a handwritten newspaper

Today I will show you how to draw a handwritten newspaper for protecting animals. Do you like animals? The teacher especially likes animals. Care for wild animals and protect our beautiful home.

1. Protecting animals means protecting our own kind.,

2. Without animals on the earth, it would be a lifeless world.

3. Yes Which came first, the bird or the egg, you don’t know, I don’t know, only the bird knows; whether the bird disappeared first or the egg disappeared first, you know, I know, only the bird doesn’t know.

I want to draw a picture For a good handwritten newspaper, you must prepare some materials related to the title. What materials are there?

1. Line drawing is the basis for painting a handwritten newspaper, and painting line drawing is very important. The teacher drew a few small animals. Isn’t it very creative to use their favorite foods to draw the borders of the handwritten newspaper? Come and follow the teacher to draw!

2. Color and draw the wood. color.

3. Generally, after we finish the outline drawing, we can start coloring! The coloring process can be roughly divided into two steps. The first step is to use a marker pen to paint flatly. . Note here that we are all painting with inherent colors. What is intrinsic color? It is the original color of an object.

4. For the background color, choose a grass green and paint it flat.

5. After the marker painting is completed, we can start to use colored pencils to paint the layers. On the basis of marker pen painting, we will paint with colored pencils. For example, we can add light and shade, gradients, etc.

Make the whole picture more colorful. Our painting is completed. Isn’t it beautiful?

Welcome to follow Exclamation Mark Beauty