Why can Chang 'an become the capital of all previous dynasties?
The following are the reasons why Sean persuaded Liu Bang to make Chang 'an his capital: First, he saw the geographical advantage of balancing the world. Generally speaking, China's geographical terrain is generally high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and the northwest has obvious advantages in the southeast. In short, as Sean said, the land of Guanzhong is in danger, "a golden city thousands of miles away"; The hinterland is vast and fertile, "the land of abundance"; The water system is developed, and the Yellow River and Weishui River are natural transportation channels, which "hold the world with water". According to the relevant information, if you advance, you can control the eastern governors, and if you retreat, you can protect yourself. Although Luoyang is surrounded by dangers, the hinterland is not open enough and the land is relatively barren. It is a land of four wars, and it is not a country that uses force. Interestingly, before the Song Dynasty, Chang 'an was the capital of a relatively powerful and successful dynasty in China. Later, in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, because of the rise of northern minorities, the capital was changed to Beijing, but in fact it still followed the law of choosing land to level the world.
Second, economic and cultural advantages have been determined. Where is the economic advantage? As Sean said, the land is fertile and the territory is vast. "There is the grace of Bashu in the south and the benefit of Hulao Pass in the north." There is no shortage of horses, grain, capital and transportation. In addition, because Qin Xiaogong used Shang Yang's political reform, Qin rewarded the meritorious military service and ploughing, which has a long history, and the people learned to fight and plough (Du Fu's Military Vehicle Shop in the Tang Dynasty also said that "Qin Jun can bear hardships"). What are the cultural advantages? After Qin Shihuang unified the whole country, on the basis of the accumulation of past dynasties, he promoted the county system, unified writing and measurement, and formulated many laws of great significance, which were very needed by the Han Dynasty. Instead of starting a new stove, why not follow the trend? The most convenient place to inherit, enrich, perfect and practice the feudal system is Guanzhong.
Third, the psychological deterrent advantage caused by Qin's long-term annexation of the East was identified. After filial piety, the State of Qin became more and more powerful and invincible. It reached its peak in Qin Shihuang's reign, crossed over to Tomochika to attack, swallowed six countries and perished one by one. In the strategic process of Qin, Shandong feared Qin as a tiger. Where the state of Qin is concentrated, the governors dare not look askance. Now that the Western Han Dynasty has set its capital in Guanzhong, it is just right to use this kind of psychological deterrence to shock the quartet.
Fourth, the political advantage of stabilizing the overall situation of the world has been determined. Although Liu Bang and Xiang Yu fought for several years, fundamentally speaking, Liu's world came from the Qin Dynasty. Both Liu Banghe are well aware of the historical fact that the "injustice" of Qin's destruction of Chu caused the strongest resistance of Chu. They won't forget the lessons of the past. In the process of destroying Qin, Xiang Yu was pitted and set on fire in Xianyang, which was especially unjust. With the bravery of Qin people, there would be no hatred. Once it happens again, it may get out of hand. Therefore, it is better to prepare early, sit in Guanzhong and share the interest with the people, which is the long-term solution. What's more, Liu Bang didn't commit a crime in the autumn when he entered the customs, and he made three chapters with his elders in Guanzhong. His image has been established. Why not strike while the iron is hot?
The fifth is to learn the historical lessons of the weakness of the royal family in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty declined after King Ping moved the capital to Luoyang, and the emperor lost all weather. The princes sat big and didn't pay tribute, even people often coveted Jiuding, and the royal family became a punching bag, helpless. Although this situation is not entirely due to the capital Luoyang, Zhang and Liu must have a clear idea: If the Zhou royal family is not weak, why should it move eastward? With a little deduction, we can know that if Korea wants to be strong, it must abandon Luoyang and go to Guanzhong.