Excuse me, what is this in my hand? I've had it since I was a child. The doctor said it was telangiectasia. In the picture, it turned purple because of the cold weather. Normally, it turns purple.

One cause

Congenital telangiectasia

1. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: autosomal dominant inheritance

2. ***Ataxia telangiectasia: autosomal recessive inheritance

3. Bloom syndrome: autosomal recessive inheritance

4. Goltz syndrome: autosomal recessive inheritance

5. Congenital telangiectatic marble dermatosis

6. Spider plague: It can be congenital or acquired

Senile telangiectasia

It is caused by physiological skin atrophy, looseness and poor elasticity

Combined with other diseases Sick person

1. Spider fatigue is common. Pregnancy with liver disease may be related to estrogen

2. Telangiectatic lupus erythematosus is a rare type of lupus erythematosus and may be related to vascular dysfunction caused by photosensitivity and autoimmune mechanisms

3. Persistent macular telangiectasia is a special type of measles such as pigmented measles

4. Sjogren's syndrome may be related to high Y-globulin

5. Telangiectatic annular purpura disease of unknown etiology is lymphocytic perivascular capillaritis

Secondary telangiectasia

1. Congenital hereditary diseases: ① congenital poikiloderma; ② dyskeratosis congenita; ③ xeroderma pigmentosum; autosomal recessive inheritance

2. Vascular diseases: ① hemangioma; ② angiofibroma; ③ angiotrophic heterochromia varicose veins; ⑤ polyarteritis nodosa; ③ acral arterial spasm

3. Physical ① Chronic radiation dermatitis; ② Solar dermatitis; ③ Steel workers and cooks exposed to long-term fire

4. Endocrine ① Diabetic lipoid progressive necrosis; ② Rosacea; ③ Pregnant women; ④ Liver disease and estrogen abnormalities

5. Others ① Systemic mastocytosis; ② Sarcoidosis; ③ Eosinophilic granuloma; ④ Breast cancer; ⑤ Keloid epilepsy

6. Immunity ① lupus erythematosus; ② scleroderma; ③ dermatomyositis

Second diagnosis

Based on the analysis of the cause and mechanism of telangiectasia disease, most children and young people are congenital hereditary Its characteristics are often combined with developmental abnormalities of other tissues. Most of them have family history. Primary cases are mostly adults without family history and the cause is unknown. Secondary cases are more common in: vascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, physical endocrine factors and other combinations of clinical capillary diseases. A correct diagnosis can be made through comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and morphology of the site where vasodilation occurs.

3 Differential diagnosis-congenital telangiectasia

1. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is an autosomal dominant inheritance with no gender differences and is more common after puberty

Skin lesions commonly occur on the back of the hands and scrotum, with clusters of erythematous patches and spider-like stars around them. Lesions can also be seen on the lips, tongue, nose, membranes, cheeks or gums, causing bleeding. The lesions are characterized by bleeding.

2. Dystaxia telangiectasia, also known as syndrome, is an autosomal recessive inheritance. The onset is characterized by cerebellar dystaxia between the ages of 2 and 3. The telangiectasia of the eyes and skin initially starts in the bulbar conjunctiva and then extends to the eyelids, cheeks, and ears. The J fossa of the antecubital fossa of the neck is also accompanied by nystagmus

Café-coffee spots, white hair and progeria are common

3. The syndrome is an autosomal recessive inheritance

Onset in childhood, it is characterized by telangiectasia on the face, sensitivity to light, often water scars on exposed parts, and severe weight in summer. In addition, there are developmental abnormalities such as ichthyosis, acanthosis nigricans, and tooth failure. Qi Daer's cryptorchidism and others also have café-au-lait spots

4. Goltz syndrome is X-linked dominant inheritance and is fatal in male patients. Literature reports are all female. It is characterized by widespread ectodermal and mesodermal structural dysplasia. The main manifestations are linear telangiectasia in the skin and skeletal system in the buttocks, axillary and femoral areas. The pigment is deepened and there are cribriform skin atrophy spots with clear boundaries. There are small reddish-brown papillomas in the mouth, anus and vulva, and there are scoliosis of the fingers and fingers.

5. Congenital marble skin telangiectasia manifests as generalized widespread reticular livedo complicated by spider veins and angiokeratoma at birth. This phenomenon can subside

6. Spider fatigue can be congenital or acquired. The former is more common in children and the latter is more common in liver disease and pregnant women. Generalized primary telangiectasia is more common in children or adolescents. It initially occurs in the lower legs and extends to the thighs. The skin can be generalized on the abdomen, buttocks, and upper arms without systemic venereal disease. The skin is atrophic, thin, loose, and has poor elasticity, which can easily cause telangiectasia, mostly on the face and lower limbs.

Third secondary telangiectasia

1. Long-term application of corticosteroids can cause telangiectasia and can also occur when used locally."

2. Telangiectatic lupus erythematosus: It is a rare type of lupus erythematosus and may be related to vascular changes caused by sun sensitivity and autoimmune mechanisms

3. Persistent macular telangiectasia: a special type of measles such as pigmented type

4. Sjogren's syndrome: may be related to hyperglobulinemia

5. Telangiectatic annular leucoma: The cause is unknown and is more common in adults. It is a lymphocytic perivascular capillaritis in the lower legs of adults. It is caused by yellow-red annular spots, large needle-tip petechiae, and blood vessel dilation that can last for several years.

4 Prevention and avoid all factors that can promote and aggravate bleeding. Avoid the use of drugs that can cause increased blood volume, blood pressure, blood vessel dilation and promote bleeding.

Daily precautions: Avoid irritation from tobacco and alcohol, eat reasonably, and avoid spicy and other irritating foods. Prevent and treat constipation while supplementing multiple vitamins and trace elements. Get enough sleep and pay attention to the balance between work and rest.

Hope to adopt it!