Characteristics of huanghuali round-backed armchair
Strict proportional relationship is the basis of furniture modeling. Let's take a look at the Ming dynasty furniture in the picture above. The proportion of parts and decoration is extremely symmetrical and coordinated with the proportion of the whole form. Such as chairs, tables and other furniture, its upper and lower parts, its legs, legs, backrest and pillows, their height, length, thickness and width all make people feel impeccable symmetry and coordination. But also meets the functional requirements, without unnecessary burden, and the overall feeling is the combination of lines. The lines of all its parts are very high and beautiful. Combining rigidity with softness, the lines are rigid but not stiff, soft but not weak, showing the beauty of simplicity, simplicity, elegance and generosity.
2. Rigorous structure and meticulous workmanship
The mortise and tenon structure of Ming dynasty furniture is very scientific. No nails, less glue, not affected by wet or dry natural conditions, and the method of saving edges is adopted in production. Between the long-span parts, there are inlaid teeth plates, teeth strips, ring mouths, coupon mouths, short and old, overlord, Luo Guo, clip flowers and so on. , both beautiful and strengthened the firmness. The structural design of Ming dynasty furniture is an excellent combination of science and art. Today, after hundreds of years of changes, furniture is still as strong as ever, which shows that the mortise and tenon structure of Ming dynasty furniture is highly scientific.
3. Proper decoration, simplicity and simplicity
The decorative techniques of furniture in Ming dynasty can be said to be varied, such as carving, engraving, embedding and painting. Decorative materials are also very extensive, such as enamel, Luodian, bamboo, teeth, jade, stone and so on. However, we will never covet stacking and carving, but make appropriate local decoration according to the overall requirements. For example, a small area is carved or inlaid on the back of the chair, and the desk part should be short and old or with flowers. Although it has been renovated, on the whole, it is simple and exquisite; It can be described as appropriate and icing on the cake.
4. The wood is hard and the texture is beautiful.
Wood grain, Ming-style furniture, natural and beautiful, showing the knee-length image of chicken feathers and animal faces, which makes people have endless reverie. It is another outstanding feature of hardwood furniture in Ming dynasty to make full use of the texture advantage of wood and give full play to the natural beauty of hardwood materials. In the Ming Dynasty, most hardwood furniture materials were Huang Huali and rosewood. These high-grade hardwoods all have the natural beauty of hue and texture. When making, the craftsmen not only worked carefully, but also did not decorate with paint or in a large area, and made full use of the unique color and texture of wood, forming their own unique aesthetic taste and style. This is another feature of Ming dynasty furniture.
To sum up, the style and characteristics of Ming dynasty furniture can be summarized in four sentences: simple shape, rigorous structure, moderate decoration and beautiful texture. The above four sentences can also be said to have four characteristics, which are not isolated, but interrelated and isomorphic, forming the style characteristics of furniture in Ming Dynasty. When we look at a piece of furniture and judge whether it is Ming-style furniture, we must first grasp its overall feeling and then analyze it item by item. It is not enough to look at only one point, and only one feature is inaccurate. These four characteristics are interrelated, and they are both external and internal, so it can be said that they are indispensable. If a piece of furniture has the first three characteristics, but there is no fourth point, you can be sure that what he said is not Ming Dynasty furniture. Furniture made by later generations imitating the above four characteristics is called Ming furniture.
Ming Dynasty is another prosperous period in China furniture history since Han and Tang Dynasties. With the prosperity of the economy at that time, the gardens and residential buildings in the city also flourished. The newly-built houses of nobles and wealthy businessmen need a lot of furniture, which forms a large demand for furniture. A group of cultural celebrities in Ming Dynasty were keen on the research of furniture technology and the exploration of furniture aesthetics, and their participation played a certain role in promoting the maturity of furniture style in Ming Dynasty. Zheng He brought back a large number of high-grade wood such as rosewood and rosewood from Southeast Asian countries, which also created favorable conditions for the development of furniture in the Ming Dynasty. The modeling of furniture in Ming Dynasty is very concise and lively, and the technology and use function have reached an unprecedented peak. There are many kinds and styles of furniture in this period, and a complete concept of furniture has been formed. The layout is usually symmetrical, such as a table with two chairs or a group of four stools. A large number of precious wood with hard texture and high strength are used in production. The mortise and tenon structure made of furniture is extremely precise, the small profile of the component section is very simple, the decorative modeling is meticulous, and the technology has reached a high level, forming a unique style of furniture in the Ming Dynasty, which is simple and elegant, beautiful and dignified, full of charm, and combines rigidity with softness.
Design is an innovative process, but it is carried out on the basis of inheritance. China has thousands of years of culture, and the so-called China characteristics are actually the traditional cultural heritage of our Chinese nation, which requires designers to deepen their understanding of China traditional culture, fully understand Chinese classical furniture and tap potential design elements. The purpose of inheritance is for better development. If we blindly imitate and copy the style of ancient furniture in China, we will not design good furniture. We can imagine that if the furniture makers and designers in the Ming Dynasty always take ancient furniture as a design model and emphasize ancient culture, it is impossible for them to design "concise and fluent" Ming-style furniture which is well-known at home and abroad.
This design is not retro, nor is it historical nothingness. Modern civilization and traditional culture meet, collide and blend, forming a brand-new culture. Designers coordinate and balance in this intersection and collision, forming a design that is different from traditional culture without losing a sense of modernity. As designers, we should study the traditional culture of China, understand its profound connotation and master its inner temperament. China's traditional thought has always pursued perfection and perfection, and paid attention to the rationality of "harmony between man and nature". Only by injecting these ideas into the designer's own thoughts can there be more room for free play in the design, and at the same time, it will not be divorced from national characteristics.
Rooted in tradition, combined with the characteristics of modern times and production technology, we boldly explore and innovate, inherit in development and develop in inheritance, so that our furniture has both traditional artistic characteristics and distinctive characteristics of the times, giving new life to the traditional artistic style and making the new China furniture style popular all over the world.