The largest royal tomb preserved in Tibet, a national cultural relic, the Tomb of the King of Tibet
The Tomb of the King of Tibet is located on the south side of the river in Qiongjie County, Shannan City, Tibet Autonomous Region. The construction of the tomb began in the 730s in the 7th century and continued until the end of the 9th century. It lasted more than 300 years. The tombs of 16 Tibetan kings, princes and concubines, including the 28th generation Zangprato Tori Nyenzan to the last generation Zangpurangda and his prince Wosong. On March 4, 1961, the Tomb of King Tibet was announced by the State Council of the People's Republic of China as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
The distribution range of the tombs is from the mouth of Dunka Valley in the east, to the foot of Mure Mountain in the south, and to the mouth of Qiongguogou Valley in the west. It is 2076 meters long from east to west and 1407 meters wide from north to south, with a total area of 3.05 million. square meters, and the average altitude of the tomb area is 3,700 meters. Starting from Songtsen, the 29th generation Zanpu Trinian, the location, location and names of the tombs where the mausoleum was built have been recorded in detail. There are twenty-one tombs initially identified, divided into two parts: the east area and the west area. There are six in the east area at the entrance of Dunka Valley, and there are 15 in the west area at the northern foot of Mure Mountain and the entrance of Qiongguo Valley. There are nine tombs whose owners can be confirmed, namely **Gampo Tomb, Mangsong Mangtsen Tomb, Tride Songtsan Tomb, Trisong Detsen Tomb, Tride Zuzan Tomb, Tridu Song Mangbojie Tomb, and Muni Tomb of Zamp.
**Ganbu Tomb is the main tomb of the entire tomb group. The door of the tomb opens to the southwest, which means it faces the hometown of Sakyamuni and shows piety to Buddhism. The sides of the tomb are 100 meters long and the height of the tomb is 13 meters. There is a Buddhist hall on the top of the tomb, which was built by Niang Longpa, the famous terma master of the Nyingma sect in the 13th century. At that time, the Buddhist hall was centered on the main hall with an area of twelve columns, and was equipped with three-generation Buddhist halls, Dharma protectors, It consists of monks' quarters and other ancillary buildings. Three inner, outer, and middle walls were built on the top and bottom of the tomb, and key protection measures were taken. The Buddhist hall was renovated in the 1980s and houses statues of King Gampo, the second princess, the second minister, and the third Buddha.
According to historical records, there are 5 temples in the mausoleum of **Gampo. There are statues of **Gampo, Sakyamuni and Guanyin Bodhisattva. In addition, there are a large number of gold, silver, pearls, agate and other funerary objects. It is said that the tomb itself is located in the central temple. Buried on one side of the tomb is a pair of golden armor that he went to war with when he was alive. Two and a half grams of pearls wrapped in satin at his feet were the wealth of ** Ganbu; There is a statue of Yajem made of coral buried in the bottom. This statue can bring light to the dry cloth. On the right side of the tomb are buried knights and war horses made of pure gold. They were the attendants of King Gampo after his death.
The reasons why Tubo Zampu built his mausoleum in Qiongjie: First, Qiongjie is a geomantic treasure land with outstanding people, from the ninth generation of Tubo Zanpu Bude Gongjie to the fourteenth generation of Zanpu Yixiao Six palaces were built in Qiongjie, including Dazi, Guizi, Yangzi Chizi, Zimuqiongjie, and Chizebendu. It became the second Tubo palace after the first palace Yongbulakang. At that time, Tubo The capital of Qiongjie is also in Qiongjie. Therefore, Qiongjie is the base camp of the Tubo Dynasty and one of the political, economic and cultural activity centers of Tubo society; secondly, after Emperor Gampo unified the Tibetan Plateau, although the political center moved from Shannan to Lhasa, but the old royal family still lives in the Qiongjie area, and the Zampos who moved to Lhasa often come back to live in memory of their ancestors' entrepreneurial achievements and never forget the Yalong Valley that nurtured their ancestors. In order to never forget their roots, the Tubo dynasties Zamp came here to be buried after his death.
Historical records record that there are three stone steles in the tomb area of the Tibetan King. Two of them have been discovered, and two stone lions. The styles of the stone steles and lions are basically consistent with those of the Tang Dynasty, indicating that the construction style of the Tubo Mausoleum absorbed the The characteristics of the Tang Dynasty also reflect the true history of close exchanges and integration of Tibetan and Chinese cultures.