The feng shui master asked me to keep some small goldfish. If I can't keep them alive, can I change them into small carp?
Compilation of goldfish fish diseases! (turn) 20 10-09- 10 23:50 I. Causes of the disease
There are many reasons for goldfish, some are caused by improper management, some are caused by bacterial and parasitic infections, and some are related to long-distance transportation.
(1) Temperature difference change: When goldfish change water, the difference between the old and new water temperatures is more than 5 degrees, which often makes the fish uncomfortable and leads to illness. Especially in spring, autumn and winter, special attention should be paid when changing water.
(2) Water quality change: The water quality of goldfish is deteriorated due to overfeeding and residual bait fermentation. If the water is not changed in time, the goldfish will get sick. In addition, the newly released tap water, due to insufficient drying time, goldfish fell ill or died of poisoning after being put in. Or too much dechlorination agent baking soda is put into tap water, which leads to turbid water quality. If you don't pay attention, it will lead to goldfish death, especially in hot weather.
(3) Soil and water changes: goldfish arrive in a new environment after long-distance transportation. Due to the differences of climate and water quality in different places, if it is not properly conditioned, it will induce goldfish to get sick.
(4) Mechanical damage: Inadvertent or improper handling of goldfish during daily capture or transportation leads to scales falling off of goldfish or organ damage. If the observation is not timely, it is easy to induce goldfish to get sick.
(5) Bacterial infection: Spring and autumn are two susceptible seasons that goldfish encounter every year. This is caused by the natural environment, and it is difficult for human beings to resist. If the disease is judged inaccurately or the medicine is not used properly, goldfish will die in large numbers. Common gill rot caused by parasites, dermatomycosis caused by fungi, bald oral disease, enteritis caused by bacteria, etc.
Several manifestations of goldfish diseases
1. When people approached the fish pond (tank), the goldfish remained indifferent, floating on the water (called water, floating head), clinging to the wall of the pond (tank), swimming lazily, giving vibration, only staying in the water, and soon floating on the water.
2 goldfish in the pool (tank), scurrying, swimming, spinning, floating on the water for a long time shall not sink or sink to the bottom of the pool (tank) shall not float, so as to avoid rubbing the pool (tank) with your body or lying on your side and hanging upside down in the water.
3. Fish out of the group, stay in the floating water, the dorsal fin is not quite, the pectoral fin is weak and inactive, the ventral fin is not open, and the caudal fin is weak and drooping. Unlike in the past, I like to be close to my master when feeding. The red bug swallowed it in my mouth and spit it out with the water.
4. The fish body becomes dull, the fish body becomes emaciated, the blisters shrink, or when swimming in milky yellow or purple, it just shakes its head, and there are red, swollen, inflammatory, bleeding or ulcerated spots on the scales, the fins are congested, the whole body shadows stand upright, the scales on both sides of the abdomen are scattered, and the tail fin ends rot.
5. Fish excrete a slender feces with white mucus, but it is rarely found that there is black (brown) feces formed at the bottom of fish ponds (tanks). Black markings appear on the head and fish, erythema appears on the abdomen, the anus is red and swollen, and yellow mucus flows from the abdomen and anus.
6. There are abnormal signs such as congestion, pallor, grayish green or grayish white in the gills, and even the millet gills have rotten defects and increased mucus.
7. The mucus on the surface of the fish increases, and the whole body is covered with a layer of white frost or white spots, or cotton-like flocs and pieces of white fluff.
8. When a healthy fish is placed in its hand, its eyeball rotates horizontally, while the eyeball of a sick fish becomes weak or disappears completely.
Common fish diseases of goldfish
Diseases of goldfish are mainly divided into infectious fish diseases and non-infectious fish diseases, among which infectious fish diseases are divided into virus, bacterial fish diseases and parasitic diseases.
Infectious fish diseases:
1. Viral and bacterial fish diseases: fish diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and algae.
Hemorrhagic disease myxococcal gill rot enteritis squama xanthomatosis
Epidermal hyperplasia of water mold powder disease
Second, parasitic fish diseases: parasitic fish diseases are infectious fish diseases, which are caused by parasites or algae parasitic fish. There are many kinds of parasites that harm goldfish. Several common parasites are as follows:
The Third Generation Parasitic Gills of White Spot —— Rotten Fish Tick and Anchovy Flea
Parasitic cataract
3. Non-communicable fish diseases: Non-communicable fish diseases generally refer to diseases caused by mechanical damage, poor water quality, hypoxia poisoning, nutritional deficiency and other enemies.
However, it is worth noting that many non-communicable fish diseases often cause fish weakness or trauma, which provides conditions for the invasion of infectious pathogens, resulting in cross-infection of non-communicable fish diseases complicated with infectious fish diseases, which cannot be ignored.
Heat stroke and tail burning; Swim bladder disorder; Enemy of Shrinking Goldfish
Families with ornamental fish can generally bring their own commonly used drugs as follows:
1, chlortetracycline, the target of the disease is rotten fin, spongiform encephalopathy, ulcer and so on. The drug concentration is10 ~ 20 mg/L. When fish get sick, the drug bath can last for 4 ~ 6 days, and it can be repeated as needed.
2. Furacillin, the disease targets are rotten fins, rotten tails, spironolactone, canker, etc. When the fish is sick, the medicated bath can be repeated for 5 days, and the dosage concentration is 0.1~ 0.3 mg/L.
3. Oxytetracycline hydrochloride, which targets systemic bacterial infections such as ulcers, can be injected indirectly into big fish and used repeatedly until the symptoms disappear. The dosage is 10~20mg/ fish weight kg. Small fish can be mixed with bait according to the ratio of 60~75mg/ fish weight kg, 1~2 weeks.
4. Formalin, the target of the disease is myxosis of fish body surface, skin and gill parasitic trematodes (bollworm, third generation worm, rotifer, etc.). ), and the medicinal bath lasts for several days, and the drug concentration is 20~25cc/ T water.
5, malachite green, the object of disease is mold, white spot disease, velvet disease, skin mucositis and so on. And the drug bath lasted for several days, and the drug concentration was 0. 1~0.3ppm (one in a million).
6, methyl blue, the object of disease is mold, white spot worm, velvet disease, skin mucositis and so on. And the drug bath lasted for several days, and the drug concentration was 1~2ppm.
7, potassium permanganate, the object of attack is ectoparasites such as fish lice, short-term drug bath for 30 minutes, the drug concentration is 1~3ppm.
8) Drug treatment of goldfish diseases
1) bacterial infection-rotten tail, rotten fin, fish fin or bleeding silk, white mold, enteritis, rotten gill, etc ... The following drugs can be used:
A) salt b) furazolidone c) penicillin d) chloramphenicol.
E) malachite green f) tetracycline g) oxytetracycline
2) Parasites-parasitic gill rot, parasitic diseases, leukoplakia, etc ... The following drugs can be used:
A) trichlorfon b) potassium permanganate c) mercurous nitrate
3) Physical ulcers-such as epidermal trauma, broken fingers, etc ... The following drugs can be used:
A) mercuric chloride pigment b) penicillin
White spot disease (also known as melon disease)
【 Etiology 】 The pathogen of white spot disease is caused by protozoa cucurbit invading the skin or gills of fish. It is a kind of ciliate in the protozoa of Cucurbita. Microscopically, the adult has a horseshoe-shaped nucleus. Young fish only have large round, oval or rod-shaped nuclei. Insects are soft and plastic, and their shapes are changeable. The disease is one of the most common frequently-occurring diseases of ornamental fish, which is characterized by rapid infection, wide epidemic and great harm.
【 Symptoms 】 Every time a pumpkin larva invades the skin, caudal fin or gill flap epidermis of a fish, this insect feeds on the tissue cells of the fish, causing tissue necrosis and forming white cysts (that is, many white spots on the fish as seen by the naked eye), hence the name white spot disease. In severe cases, the diseased fish is covered with a layer of white mucus, with dim body color, less luster, lazy swimming, poor ventral fins, lying alone on the water surface, sometimes gathering by the pool, stopping eating and defecating, consuming fish, obstructing breathing, and finally dying with white spots.
【 Onset season 】 Generally occurs from 65438+February to June of the following year. When the water temperature is 14-25℃, it is the most suitable temperature for the propagation of cucurbitaceae plants and the season for the occurrence of diseases. However, when the water temperature is lower than 10℃ or higher than 28℃, the development of melon larvae stops or dies gradually.
[Control Method]
(1) When changing water, pay attention to the excessive temperature difference, which will cause the fish to catch cold, so that pests and diseases can take advantage of it and invade the fish.
(2) Make full use of the weakness that cucurbits will die by themselves if they can't find a host after 24 hours. The water for keeping goldfish should be exposed or left standing for 2-3 days before use. This is one of the best ways to prevent melon diseases.
(3) According to the ratio of 0.05-0. 1 g mercurous nitrate per cubic meter of water, or when the water temperature is lower than 15℃, put 0.0 1 g mercurous nitrate into 50 kg of water, bathe the sick fish for 0.5 l, then wash it with isothermal fresh water, and then put it back into the sterilized new fish. However, it should be noted that mercurous nitrate is toxic and should be used with caution. In particular, the resistance of small goldfish to liquid medicine is weaker than that of big goldfish, so it is necessary to reduce the concentration of liquid medicine and shorten the soaking time appropriately.
(4) Release 0.5- 1 ml of mercuric chloride (i.e. medical mercuric chloride) in 10 kg of water, and bathe the sick fish for 5- 15 minutes. If it is colored, it can be indirectly rubbed with mercury chloride. After washing with fresh water, put it into clean fresh water for feeding, or pour 3-5 (g) ml of mercury chloride according to L cubic meters of water (that is, l000 kg) to make the water concentration in the pool (tank) 3-5 mg/L. After 2-3 days, depending on the illness, you can use the above bath washing method for one time, and then feed it with clean fresh water (light green water). At the same time, the sunshine time can be prolonged, the water temperature can be raised appropriately, eating can be stopped, and oxygen can be increased, so that satisfactory curative effect can be achieved.
(5) According to the characteristic that the gourd is not resistant to high temperature, put it in the sun, and when the water temperature rises to 30℃, rub mercuric chloride all over the fish, then wash it with fresh water, catch people in clean, isothermal and light green water, feed them, stop eating, bask in the sun for 1 week, and then change into fresh water.
(6) Bathing sick fish with 0.3g or 0.4g malachite green solution for 2 hours per cubic meter of water (1000kg) at the water temperature of 20-26℃ can kill melon worms and is safe for goldfish.
White-headed foot-and-mouth disease/Baiyun disease
White-headed white beak disease: Its pathogen is Myxococcus. Sick fish have ulcers on their foreheads and mouths, which are milky white, making it difficult for sick fish to eat. Control method: choose one gram of furazolidone, dissolve it in 10 kg water, and soak the sick fish for 20-30 minutes. Diluted iodine can also be applied to the wound.
Baiyun disease: it is a disease caused by oral filariasis, flagellates and Trichinella spiralis parasitic on fish. There is a layer of white mist on its body surface, which is the result of rapid reproduction of parasites and stimulation of epithelial cells in parasitic areas, resulting in increased skin secretions.
Control method: soak the sick fish 1∶50000 potassium permanganate solution for 0-30 minutes each time. When the water temperature is low, the sick fish can be soaked in 2%-2.5% salt solution for 65438 05 minutes, and then put back into clean water, and repeated. In severe cases, it can be soaked in 1% salt solution 1 hour. Malachite green is also acceptable.
Epidermal hyperplasia
【 Etiology 】 It is mainly caused by skin epithelial cell virus infection.
【 Symptoms 】 Epithelial cells in the affected area of the diseased fish are atypical hyperplasia, milky white in some areas and obviously thickened, forming a white coat.
【 Onset season 】 It is common in spring, yellow mold season and late autumn.
[Prevention and control methods] At present, the prevention and control methods of this virus are still under discussion. It is effective to pour erythromycin into the whole pond at the ratio of 0.4- 1g per cubic meter of water (note: the dosage will increase or decrease depending on the size, water temperature, illness and season of the fish).
Generally, fish have a bright mucus secretion, which protects the fish itself and reduces the invasion of fish.
However, when goldfish have local inflammation or other diseases in the early stage, their secretion tends to increase. In particular, some goldfish with developed head sarcoma are prone to produce a white secretion between sarcomas, some of which are very thin and some are like thick pus. This phenomenon is more common in early spring and autumn when fish diseases occur frequently. Once the above situation is found, it is necessary to further check whether there is inflammation and parasitic harm in the affected area in order to prescribe the right medicine.
In the process of raising goldfish sarcoma, white emulsion often appears, which some goldfish predecessors call "hairy head" This white emulsion is not contagious. You can wipe it off quietly with a cotton swab or squeeze it, and then apply a little mercury chloride.
Therefore, when you see white milk on fish, especially white sticky substance in the gap of head sarcoma, you should carefully observe whether there is inflammation in the local area, and observe whether the fish's activity, appetite and fish stool are normal. And don't take the medicine rashly. If there is no pathological change, the fish's activity, appetite and fish are normal, and it will be fine after a few rubs with a little mercuric chloride. Never use drugs blindly, especially toxic drugs, and use them with caution.
enteritis
【 Etiology 】 The etiology of goldfish enteritis has not been completely determined. If the amount of feed changes too much, the variety of bait is suddenly changed, the oxygen content in the water is reduced, the water quality is polluted, and the fish can move after being fed with unclean feed. Most experts believe that this disease is caused by intestinal gas-producing single-celled bacteria. So it's called bacterial enteritis.
The enteritis of goldfish is mainly related to unclean water quality and feeding rotten bait.
【 Symptoms 】 At the beginning, the sick fish showed lethargy, slow movement, disorientation, anorexia and even appetite. The fish turned black, and the head and tail fins were more obvious. Erythema appears in the abdomen, the anus is red and swollen, and white linear mucus or constipation is discharged at the initial stage. In severe cases, yellow mucus will bleed when the abdomen is gently pressed. If you cut open the diseased fish, you can see that the intestines are inflamed and congested, and even the intestines are purple, and they will soon die.
【 onset season 】 it is more common in April-10.
[Control Method]
(1) Avoid feeding spoiled feed and keep the water clean.
(2) Dissolve 0. 1-0.2g of furacilin or furazolidone in 5kg of water, and then soak the sick fish for 20-30 minutes 1 time every day. Usually, oxytetracycline 0.25 g can also be used for prevention; Or tetracycline 0.25g or norfloxacin 0. 1g, and the dosage is 2 capsules per 50kg of water (i.e. 0.25x2 or 0.1x2). Change the water after soaking for 2-3 days.
(3) Pour furacilin or furazolidone liquid medicine into the whole pool (tank), and put 0. 1g per 50kg of water for routine prevention and control, and the harvest is remarkable.
(4) Mix 0. 1g furazolidone with artificial feed (granular or flaky) per 1kg fish weight, and feed the sick fish 1 time every day for 3-4 days.
Gentamicin can also be used
hemorrhagic disease
【 Etiology 】 The factors causing goldfish hemorrhagic disease are complicated, generally caused by virus, bacteria and environmental factors:
1. Viruses, bacteria (generally thought to be caused by unicellular bacteria) and parasites invade the fish, causing the whole or part of the fish to be damaged.
2. Relationship between water quality Whether you use tap water or lake water or well water to raise fish, you should let it stand or expose it to the sun for 2-3 days before using it. If used directly without treatment, the fin scales will be congested and the goldfish will die.
【 Symptoms 】 Fins (more serious at the base), scales or local congestion, bleeding, ulcers and scales scattered all over the body; In severe cases, the mouth, eyes and internal organs bleed, and the sick fish are lazy to swim. The light person's appetite decreased, the heavy person refused to eat, his body color was dim, his weight was reduced, his secretion increased, and he died of bacterial water mold and septicemia.
【 Onset season 】 It can occur all year round, especially in June-10.
[Control Method]
(1) Besides paying attention to the prevention of the above pathogenic factors, it is also necessary to check whether there are parasites at the bleeding place, and if there are, catch them. At the same time, wipe the affected area with mercuric chloride, then rinse it with a small basin and put it back in the original pool (cylinder) to rest, once a day/kloc-0 times, until it is cured.
(2) Put the sick fish in 10-20mg/L of furacilin or furazolidone solution or 2%-3% of salt water for 1 0-0/5min, and then wash it in the tank (cylinder) every other day1time.
(3) In severe cases, add 10 million units of kanamycin or 8 1/0.6 million units of gentamicin to10.0 kg of water, and the sick fish will be bathed for 2-3 hours, and most of them will be fed with fresh water after half a day. 65438+ 0 times a day, usually 2-3 times.
(4) 0.5-0.8g of crystal trichlorfon is selected, dissolved in 10kg water, and the sick fish is soaked in 10-20min.
Dust disease (commonly known as white coat disease)
【 Etiology 】 This is a disease caused by Chlorella acidophilus invading fish.
【 Symptoms 】 At the early stage of the disease, the sick fish did not grab food as before, with loss of appetite, listlessness, slow ventral fins, little swimming, and seemed cold, and often gathered in the corner of the pool (trough), with increased mucus on the body surface. White spots appeared on dorsal fin, caudal fin and ventral fin successively, which at first glance looked like white spot disease. Then, the white spots gradually extend to the tail stalk, sides of the body, head and gills, and finally the white spots are superimposed together, and the whole body looks like wearing a layer of white clothes, hence the name. Finally, the fish gradually lost weight, and their breathing was blocked, leading to death.
【 Onset season 】 Generally occurs in early spring and autumn and winter.
[Control Method]
(1) Improve the pH value of the pond water by taking 0.5-l gram of quicklime, dissolving it in 50kg of water, and fully stirring. After the precipitate is completely dissolved, pour the solution into the whole tank (tank) and adjust the pH value in the tank (tank) to pH 8.
(2) Adult fish can be coated with 2%-3% salt solution, washed with clear water and put in clean light green water for rest, which will take effect every other day 1 time.
(3) Early treatment In the early stage when fish diseases are found, goldfish can be kept in light green water, and penicillin 40 1 000,800,000 or gentamicin 8 1 000,654,38+060,000 is added into every 65,438+02.5 kg of water.
cowpox
There are white patches on the fish, which are paraffin-like hyperplasia, and the whole body of the sick fish is prolonged in severe cases. The snakehead looks obvious, and the fish is so thin.
Etiology: Herpes virus infection.
Prevention and control methods: feed more clean and fresh feed to increase the physique of fish. A pot of water is mixed with 10 mg of erythromycin, and big fish can also be injected with 0.2 ppm of D- chloramphenicol.
Rotting dermatosis
Etiology: Gram bacterial infection.
This is a common disease of goldfish, which is mainly popular in summer and autumn. The affected part of goldfish is red and swollen, and the epidermis is rotten, which looks like a red mark, mostly appearing on both sides of goldfish abdomen, usually caused by bacterial infection after fish body injury.
Treatment: Use a brush dipped in disinfectant (such as mercuric chloride or high-concentration potassium permanganate solution) to scrub or smear the affected area, every other day 1 time, 3-4 times to cure.
Branchial diseases
The gill rot of goldfish is mostly caused by parasite or bacterial infection, so there are two kinds of parasitic gill rot and bacterial gill rot.
(1) Parasitic gill rot: Common parasites include bad worms, rotifers, myxosporidia, gill molds and green algae, which can cause gill rot.
【 Symptoms 】 Ill fish move slowly, eat less or even stop eating, and their body color becomes darker, especially in their heads. The gill cover can't be closed, and the gill filaments are bloodshot and sticky. The gill flap is filled with many cysts with irregular shape and clear outline, which hinders the goldfish's breathing and leads to dyspnea and death due to lack of oxygen.
【 Onset season 】 Summer and autumn (about 4- 10 month) are more common.
[Control Method]
(1) At the initial stage, 2%-3% salt solution can be applied to the affected area to wash cheeks or the sick fish can be put in the bath for 5- 15 minutes.
(2) Add 0.04-0.05g of copper sulfate into 5kg of water, give the sick fish a bath for 1 0-15min, then wash it with fresh water, and then raise it in a human pool (tank) every other day for1time. Or use 0.5g of copper sulfate and 0.2g of ferrous sulfate per cubic meter of water to fill the pool water.
(3) Put 0.3 g of crystal trichlorfon into 5 kg of water and bathe the sick fish 10- 15 minutes.
(4) When introducing fresh water, let the fresh water stand for 2-3 days, and release the goldfish after the insects can't find a host and die by themselves.
Parasitic gill rot
Common parasites include pests, rotifers, myxosporidia, gill molds and green algae, which can cause gill rot.
【 Symptoms 】 Ill fish move slowly, eat less or even stop eating, and their body color becomes darker, especially in their heads. The gill cover can't be closed, and the gill filaments are bloodshot and sticky. The gill flap is filled with many cysts with irregular shape and clear outline, which hinders the goldfish's breathing and leads to dyspnea and death due to lack of oxygen.
【 Onset season 】 Summer and autumn (about 4- 10 month) are more common.
[Control Method]
(1) At the initial stage, 2%-3% salt solution can be applied to the affected area to wash cheeks or the sick fish can be put in the bath for 5- 15 minutes.
(2) Add 0.04-0.05g of copper sulfate to 5kg of water, give the sick fish a bath for 1 0-15min, then wash it with fresh water and raise it in the human pool (cylinder) every other day1time. Or use 0.5g of copper sulfate and 0.2g of ferrous sulfate per cubic meter of water to fill the pool water.
(3) Put 0.3 g of crystal trichlorfon into 5 kg of water and bathe the sick fish 10- 15 minutes.
(4) When introducing fresh water, let the fresh water stand for 2-3 days, and release the goldfish after the insects can't find a host and die by themselves.
Mucococcal gill rot
The most common diseases of goldfish are high incidence, rapid infection, high mortality and difficult to treat.
【 Cause 】 Bacterial gill rot is caused by bacteria (myxococcus).
【 Symptoms 】 The gill filaments are pink or light yellow, and then the tissues are destroyed, mucus is increased, with sludge. In severe cases, the inner epidermis of gill cover bone is congested, and the middle epidermis is corroded into a round or irregular transparent window. Cartilage exposed, often wandering alone, slow movement, dark body color, worse head. Sick fish often die of suffocation due to respiratory obstruction, and the mortality rate is high.
【 Onset season 】 It can occur all year round, but it is more common in late spring and early summer and late summer and early autumn (April-10).
[Control Method]
(1) Taking advantage of the poor salt tolerance of myxobacteria, put 50-100g of salt into every 5kg of water and bathe the sick fish for 5-15min.
(2) Dissolve 0.1-0.2g of furacilin or furazolidone tablets in every 5kg of water, and wash the sick fish in the bath for10-20min, or spray indomethacin or furazolidone in the whole pool (tank), soak for several days, and replace it with fresh water (dosage ratio is 2mg/L).
(3) Any antibiotic selected from kanamycin, gentamicin, penicillin, streptomycin and chlortetracycline can be dissolved in the tank (tank), and the dosage is 65,438+0,000,000,000 units of kanamycin per 50kg of water; Or gentamicin 1.6 million units; Or penicillin 80 1 1,000,654.38+0.2 million units; Or streptomycin1g; Or chlortetracycline 3-5g, or directly spray the above liquid medicine with a syringe to wash cheeks, and the effect is also remarkable.
Rotten tail disease
Or fin rot, mostly due to parasitic or physical damage, damage to body surface fins and other tissues, invasion and infection of secondary pathogens such as columnar bacteria, leading to fin tissue ulceration and defect. If parasitic infection occurs during treatment, it is necessary to deal with parasites first, and then control bacterial infection with antibiotics or antibacterial drugs. Treatment: scrub the affected area with 1% malachite green every other day 1 time for 3-4 times to recover.
Anchorage flea
It belongs to arthropods and crustaceans, and only females are parasitic on fish. It is about 1 cm long, with a needle-like body, compound horns on the head and two round suckers, which are shaped like iron anchors. Therefore, it is also called iron anchor worm, which is often found in the inflamed area of diseased fish with naked eyes.
【 Cause 】 The caught red worm was caught in it, or it was caused by improper water change.
【 Symptoms 】 The diseased fish is characterized by anxiety, decreased food intake and emaciation. Worms are parasitic in various parts of the fish, showing a white head shape and swimming with the fish. Some insects have cotton-wool moss, which is mistaken for moss hanging on fish, while anchor fleas are greedy, and unplanned deep holes appear on fish in parasitic places.
【 Onset season 】 It can occur all the year round, especially in summer and autumn.
[Control Method]
(1) can be taken out with tweezers when the amount is small. When the quantity is large, it can be soaked with potassium permanganate. When the water temperature is 15-20 degrees, it can be soaked in the concentration of 10-20 ppm/hour once a day for 3 consecutive days. When the water temperature is high, the concentration should be reduced.
(2) Smear worms with 1% potassium permanganate once a day, put them into water after about 30 seconds, and then spray furacilin in the whole pool (tank). When the water temperature is below 20 degrees, the concentration of 1.5-2PPM will reach 1- 1.5PPM when the water temperature is above 20 degrees. About a week later, all the fleas died.
The third generation worm
The pathogens are medium-sized third generation worms, fine-anchored third generation worms and beautiful third generation worms. Because there are two generations of fetuses in the body, it is called the "third generation worm".
【 Cause of disease 】 Most of them are parasites carried by captured red worms, which are directly put into fish ponds (tanks) without adequate washing and inspection before feeding, or because of unclean water quality, corruption, cross infection and other reasons. These are directly caused by fish lice parasites.
【 Symptoms 】 The sick fish is thin and thin. At first, it is extremely uneasy. Sometimes it swims wildly, sometimes it swims sideways sharply, bumping on the pond (tank) in an attempt to get rid of the invasion of worms. Then it loses its appetite and swims slowly, resulting in a large number of goldfish deaths.
【 Onset season 】 The optimum temperature is 20 degrees, and spring is the most popular.
[Control Method]
(1) Use 0.25-0.5g of 90% crystal trichlorfon per cubic meter of water (i.e. 1000kg), and then pour it into the whole pond after dissolution, or put 0.5- 1g of 90% crystal trichlorfon into 10kg of water for sick fish. 1 week, sick fish are washed with medicinal bath for 3-4 times.
(2) Soak in 20PPM potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes when the water temperature is 10-20 degrees, 15 minutes when the water temperature is 20-25 degrees, and 10 minutes when the water temperature is above 25 degrees.
Leprosy deformity
【 Etiology 】 At present, there is no unified view on the etiology of vertical scale disease. It is generally believed that it is a medical disease caused by bacterial (trichomonas) infection. Some people think that Schistosoma japonicum is parasitic in the blood circulation system, and eggs block gill capillaries or renal vessels, producing ascites and vertical scales, hence the name vertical scales. Also known as pine scale disease, fried scale disease.
Another point of view is that this scaling phenomenon may be related to poor water quality or bacterial infection leading to lymphatic inflammation between scales.
【 Symptoms 】 Generally, the scales on both sides of diseased fish burst outward, the epidermis is rough, mucus secretion is less, the fin base tissue is inflamed and congested, edema, abdominal swelling and even death.
【 Onset season 】 This disease is common in winter and spring, and it is easy to develop into fish, but the infection rate is not high, and a large number of fish are rare.
Prevention and control methods]
(1) You can soak the sick fish in a mixture of 2% salt and 3% baking soda 10- 15 minutes, and then put it in a mixture containing a small amount of salt (about 1/5000 to110000).
(2) Put 0.2g of furacilin into 5kg of water and bathe the sick fish 10-20min, every other day 1 time. Or the whole pool is sprayed with nitrofurazone, the water temperature is below 20℃, per cubic meter of water 1.5-2g, and the water temperature is above 20℃, per cubic meter of water1.0-1.5g.. Mild patients were cured in 2-3 weeks. The most serious person will be effective after one month.
(3) Put 40 1 800,000 units of penicillin or 654.38+0,000 units of kanamycin into 25 kilograms of water, change the water every 654.38+0-2 weeks, re-administer, feed carefully, and insist on combining medication with sun exposure, all of which have certain curative effects.
(4) Spraying 0.2 mg/L erythromycin for animals in the whole pool.
Or add 250 grams of mashed garlic to 50 liters of water and bathe the sick fish several times to treat the disease.
Potassium permanganate is prepared with a pot of clear water, which is subject to the preparation of dark water, and the soaking time is subject to the tolerance of fish. After soaking and cleaning, rinse the fish with clear water, and then apply nitrofurazone dry powder to the affected area. After several treatments, the area of loose scales gradually decreased, and finally it can be cured.
You can choose 3-5 gentamicins, dissolve them in 10kg water, and soak the sick fish 10- 15min.
Hydromycosis (also known as dermatomycosis and white disease)
【 Cause 】 This is a fungal skin disease. Generally, it is a fish disease that parasitizes the wounds of fins or deteriorated fish eggs after skin trauma due to the invasion of water mold and cotton mold.
【 Symptoms 】 Whenever goldfish is infected by water mold, skin tissue ulcers and mucus increase, and gray-white hyphae like old cotton wool appear, which are pieces of white fluff visible to our naked eyes. This fluffy mycelium parasitizes the affected part of the fish, gradually penetrates into the muscles, absorbs nutrients from the fish to nourish itself, so that the sick fish gradually becomes restless or lazy, loses appetite, and often dies of weakness.
【 Onset season 】 It can occur all year round, especially in early spring, late winter and insufficient sunshine, and the yellow mold season with continuous rain is more common.
[Control Method]
(1) Put 0.3g malachite green into 50kg of water, give the sick fish a bath 10-20min, and then gently wipe the mycelium with a cotton swab until it falls off.
(2) Adult sick fish can remove part of hyphae with tweezers and then apply mercuric chloride or 5%- 10% malachite green to the wound, which can achieve good results.
(3) Put 0. 1g penicillin or 50- 10g salt into 5kg water, soak the sick fish 10-20min, and then change the sick fish into shallow water containing 0.02g nitrofuracilin in 5kg water overnight, and the therapeutic effect is obvious.
(4) In addition to paying attention to the operation to avoid scratching the fish body, in the onset season, especially in the rainy season, a small amount of salt (1/10000) can be put in the fish pond (tank) water, which has a preventive effect.
(1) Sprinkle a mixture of salt and baking soda (1: 1) to make the water reach 400 mg/L; ② Apply potassium permanganate to the affected area and put it in 3% ~ 5% salt solution 1 ~ 2 hours, and it can be cured after repeated times.
fish louse
The body is oblate, gray-green, slightly transparent, and the big one looks like a bug. If you can't find a host within 2-3 days, you will die by yourself.
【 Cause of disease 】 Most of them are parasites carried by captured red worms, which are directly put into fish ponds (tanks) without adequate washing and inspection before feeding, or because of unclean water quality, corruption, cross infection and other reasons. These are directly caused by fish lice parasites.
【 Symptoms 】 Once a goldfish is attacked by a louse, it sometimes loses its balance, often fidgety, and sometimes swims in a hurry. Sometimes rubbing the wall of the pool (cylinder) with the body, then loss of appetite, slow action, local redness, bleeding and ulcers, and increased secretions; In severe cases, the scales fall off, and bacteria such as water mold invade and infect, which accelerates the fish wasting and death.
【 Onset season 】 It can occur all year round, but it is more common in April-10.
[Control Method]
(1) Use 0.25-0.5g of 90% crystal trichlorfon per cubic meter of water (i.e. 1000kg), and then pour it into the whole pond after dissolution, or put 0.5- 1g of 90% crystal trichlorfon into 10kg of water for sick fish. 1 week, sick fish are washed with medicinal bath for 3-4 times.
(2) Soak the fish body 15 minutes with 3% salt water, and make the fish lice leave the goldfish body by taking advantage of their fear of salt, and then put them in fresh water that has been trapped for more than three days.
(3) Fish water needs to be left standing and exposed for several days, and parasites will be extinct without a host, thus reducing the incidence. This is an effective preventive measure.
(4) Rinsing red worms The red worms caught must be carefully checked for parasites or other pests and eggs, and must be rinsed strictly before feeding goldfish. This is also a positive way to prevent and reduce the occurrence of fish diseases.
Tail scald (famous blister disease)
Fusarium wilt disease
Swimming bladder disease
Fish plague
Heatstroke stuffy cylinder