Is there really a daughter in this world?
1. Mosuo matriarchal clan society
Lugu Lake, a national scenic spot known as "the mysterious oriental daughter country" and "the living fossil of human matriarchal clan territory", is not only picturesque and dreamy, but also famous for its ancient and primitive social form and unique, simple and unique customs. Tens of thousands of Mosuo people, who live by the lake, still live in a matriarchal clan family with women as the axis and live a married life in Axiu, which is incredible to outsiders who are about to enter the 2 1 century, and it is indeed confusing and full of mysterious temptations.
The wedding of Mosuo people is a wonderful flower in all kinds of wedding customs in the world.
Married couples put love first.
Walking marriage is very popular among Mosuo people along Lugu Lake. Up to now, dozens of Mosuo men and women still practice walking marriage. Only less than 10% of male and female couples need to live together, or because there are men and women at home, they regard women as "roots" and women as Mosuo people now, so they have to marry their daughters-in-law to continue their incense, and other men still get married.
The form of walking marriage is that men don't marry women don't marry. Men and women stay in matriarchal families all their lives, which is achieved by men's "walking". The man went to the woman's temporary residence in the evening and returned home the next morning. Neither party is a member of the other family. Divorced men and women call each other "Hugh" or "Xiao Bo". "Axiu" is a couple with marital significance. Some books are called A Xia. It's actually the same, but the transliteration is different.
The establishment of marriage between men and women is not bound by some laws, nor does it pay attention to family status. Marriage in Axiu is not chaotic, let alone group marriage. It is forbidden to make friends with Axiu among aunts, uncles, brothers and sisters. A woman cannot make friends with more than one official at the same time. A man can't make friends with multiple women at the same time. Although in Mosuo men's and women's walking group. Some men and women secretly engage in informal secret Axiu because they are far away from each other or because of emotional factors. This phenomenon is called "temporary Axiu", but it is not the mainstream.
Whether men and women make friends with Axiu depends on the feelings of both parties, which largely depends on the feelings of the woman. Money and status may not win a girl's heart. On the basis of emotion, they pay more attention to choosing handsome and tall appearance and wisdom. Once men and women are interested in each other, nothing can stop them from establishing a relationship in Axiu. As a local love song said, "Good brothers (sisters) are more valuable than gold. As long as the friendship is as deep as the sea, the yellow ducks will be in pairs ... "There is no family arrangement or matchmaker to do the show. When men and women fall in love in the process of productive labor, festival activities, dancing and making friends, as long as the feelings of both sides are harmonious, they can make their own decisions and establish a loving relationship.
Exchange gifts and make friends with Axiu.
Making friends with Axiu and establishing relations with Axiu are relatively free and the procedures are simple. Relationships can usually be confirmed by exchanging gifts or clients in private (that is, "Sasoga" as Mosuo people call it). Some parties exchange personal jewelry, bracelets, rings, etc. Some people give men insoles or linen belts made by themselves and men give scarves or jewelry. Once the gifts are exchanged, men and women become a show of love, and at night, men can go to the woman to get married. Axiu, who made friends in this way, usually had a rather secret wedding process, which was gradually made public at a certain time.
In addition, a considerable number of men and women exchange gifts in a more solemn way. When the man takes a fancy to the woman, or both parties are interested, usually the man will invite someone he can trust to bring clothes, skirts, tea, sugar and other gifts to the woman's house to exchange gifts. When a messenger comes to a woman's house, he has to explain his purpose to her mother, who usually asks her daughter for advice. If she doesn't agree, she will respond politely. Axiu, who made friends in this way, often appeared in a more open form when men ran away to get married.
There are many codes for visiting the exhibition at night.
When Mosuo women are old enough to make friends with Axiu, they usually have their own greenhouses. Once they became friends with Axiu, the greenhouse became a small world of love.
Most initial dates are held in secret. In the dead of night, men often go to the girls' home on foot or horseback, or throw stones at the roof of the flower house, or play the flute and string, or ring the bell, or knock on the door with a pipe. There are all kinds of passwords, and the waiting woman hears the sound of opening the door and introduces the male child into the bedroom. The man left in a hurry and returned to his home before dawn. After a period of unannounced visits, the woman will make the male child public, and the male child can publicly visit the female child, and can enter the room, go to the female child's home for tea and chat, and enjoy warm hospitality.
There are also many men who appear in public at the beginning of marriage. When a man visits a woman for the first time, he must bring his original matchmaker or his trusted boyfriend, and bring tea, sugar or clothes with him to the woman. The other family warmly entertained the new couple, offering some tea and sugar brought by the boys to their ancestors, and some to the residents in the village or only to relatives, so as to euphemistically announce that their daughter had a boy. At night, the woman's mother or sister will take the male child to the female child's bedroom. Female Hugh can also entertain male Hugh with wine in his own greenhouse. At the initial stage of the visit, young men often avoid men such as women's brothers or uncles, and gradually become casual as time goes by. After making friends with Axiu, both families became "darker than children", that is, in-laws. Every holiday, we should give gifts to each other. Help each other in matters of weddings, funerals and weddings. When the other family dies, they will go to the funeral. When the boy is not at home, the woman will send chicken, eggs, incense, sausages, pork and so on. And put them in a gift box for Xiao and his friends to enjoy on the road. This "darker than children" relationship was born with the establishment of Axiu relationship. It also disappeared with the dissolution of Axiu's relations.
Children follow their mothers, nephews and uncles.
Married men and women have children, and the day after the child is born, the woman's family will hold a naming ceremony for the child. And bring "Bashebaha" (that is, food offered to the gods and ancestors at the naming ceremony of children) and sweet wine until the family of the boy congratulated him and the man's family sent a woman with rich food to visit the girl. On the eve of the first child's full moon, the man's family will kill pigs and sheep, prepare wine and hold a banquet, and hold a grand "Ruo Ha She" ceremony (that is, full moon wine) at the woman's house to entertain men, women and children in the woman's village and neighboring villages to celebrate. When a child holds an "adult ceremony" at the age of 13, he will also go to his biological father's house to pay homage, and his biological father will send him a commemorative gift to congratulate him.
Children born in Axiu's marriage live with their mothers, take their mother's surname and are raised by their mothers, uncles and aunts at home. When children grow up, they will bear the main support obligations of these elderly people. A young man is not a member of a young woman's family. He has no legal obligation to raise children. But he gave necessary care in production, labor and material life. When he has a child, he should often visit and help, and consciously assume certain support obligations. Therefore, for Mosuo people, his considerable energy is to raise nephews with his sister, and at the same time, he has to spare some energy to help A Shao raise his own children. When the biological children grow up, they should also do their duty to support their biological fathers, and they should also mourn after their death.
Empathy for Axiu's release.
Axiu's love affair lasted for different periods of time. It depends on the situation, ranging from a few days or months to years, decades or even a lifetime. If we get together, we will get together, but if we don't agree, we will disperse. Geographically, the farther apart men and women are, the more unstable they are. Most marriages in Axiu are in one or two neighboring villages, and a few are dozens of miles away. Because both men and women live in their parents' homes, Axiu has no economic relations and close ties with daily life, so it is quite temporary and unstable. Between the two, no one is financially dependent on anyone. You don't belong to me and I don't belong to you. Neither side can monopolize the other side, nor can it be attached to the other side. This makes Axiu's relationship indifferent, and naturally he will not be single-minded.
Hugh, a man and a woman, are loyal to each other and make friends with many Hugh. Most of them are more than a few, and a few are as many as a dozen or dozens. How unstable Axiu's feelings were when he was young. With the growth of age. Axiu's friends are gradually decreasing, and the relationship tends to be stable. Some adult men and women, in their youth, generally have a long-term and stable Axiu, and may be supplemented by one or several temporary Axiu, namely a formal Axiu and several informal Axiu. Long-term Axiu as a formal Axiu. And informal Axiu can only associate secretly.
In the process of making friends with Axiu, if it is found that the other party is empathetic, misbehaving or disagreeing with their feelings, the relationship between Axiu and Axiu will be dissolved. The dissolution of relations in Axiu is relatively free and easy, generally without any formalities. Because it does not involve the division of property, the ownership of children and other interests. Axiu's divorce is also difficult to cause disputes and controversies. Both sides can relax, as if nothing had happened, and even maintain a good relationship with ordinary friends. So it is easy to cause separation and recombination.
When the man didn't want to maintain Axiu's relationship, someone sent a message to inform the other party to terminate Axiu's relationship; Some simply say "I'm not coming" to the woman; Or if you don't visit the woman for a long time, it will naturally be lifted.
If the woman is unwilling to maintain Axiu's relationship, directly tell the man not to go to her house again; Or when a young man visits, he seems reluctant, refuses to share a room, or hides in the home of relatives and friends. The man felt bored, quit rationally, stopped visiting, and some even broke a relationship of showing love. After the recovery, there was a second time or so.
2. Movies
[Movie Name] Girl Country
[Main actors],, Li,, Gao,.
[Director] He Huameng
Comedy [genre]
introduce
Tang Priest (Ho Fan), the Monkey King, Pig Bajie and Friar Sand and his party went to the Western Heaven to learn Buddhist scriptures, and went to Xiliang's daughter country. There are women everywhere in the country, and the children at home rely on "fetal spring". After drinking this spring water, they can get pregnant, but only have daughters.
Legend has it that the Tang Priest passed by, and the queen (ornaments) wanted to recruit Tang Priest as the princess's Xu. This matter is to understand scorpion essence and scorpion essence. The Second Demon has long wanted to eat the Tang Priest's meat, find out the queen's wish and try to profit from it.
3. Others:
The mystery of the daughter country
Here, the name "daughter country" is used to illustrate that chemical soil elements do have an impact on childbearing.
There used to be a village in a mountainous area of Guangdong. A few years ago, the birth of girls in succession made people anxious. At this rate, won't this area become a girl country? Someone prayed for Buddha, but it didn't help. A Feng Shui master said, "The geological team searched for minerals in Houlongshan and destroyed Long Mai. This is the retribution of bad feng shui! " So superstitious villagers tried their best to find the geological team that had been prospecting here and clamored for them to pay for "Feng Shui". The geological team went back to this hut, made an in-depth investigation and finally found the reason. It turned out that during prospecting, the drilling rig led out the underground spring water containing beryllium, which made the beryllium pollution spread and greatly increased the beryllium content of drinking water. Drinking this water for a long time leads to the birth of women rather than men. After governance, the situation has improved, and a boy was born in the "daughter country".