The history of Chongqing Wanzhou
Wanzhou has a long history, a long history and a gathering of celebrities.
As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the land belonged to Qin and Ba County was established.
After Qin unified the world, thirty-six counties were divided, and counties were first established in eastern Sichuan. They were named after "Bihui of all rivers" and "Biji of ten thousand merchants". It is one of the ten major ports on the Yangtze River. .
The western section of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River spans the parallel ridges and valleys of Daba Mountain, Wushan Mountain, Qiyao Mountain and Pendong. It is located in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Project reservoir area, where the world-famous Large and Small Three Gorges are located.
It is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the east corner of the Sichuan Basin, straddling the throat of the Sichuan River and facing the Three Gorges to the east.
It is 327 kilometers away from Chongqing and 321 kilometers away from Yichang on the waterway. It is the water and land hub in eastern Sichuan and is known as the "Gateway to Eastern Sichuan".
In ancient times, our ancestors created the splendid "Daxi Culture".
The sunshine and rain here have created loyal generals such as Ba Manzi, Yan Yan, Gan Ning, and Qin Liangyu in the past dynasties, nurtured national elites such as Liu Bocheng, Lin Tie, Xue Zizheng, and Peng Yongwu, and raised Liu Shibai, Ba Talented students such as Shi Tu, He Qifang, Liu Shufang, etc.
The famous mountains and rivers here have attracted Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei, Zhang Xianzhong, Li Laixiang, etc. to perform tragic dramas here in the Bell and Drum Tower.
Xia and Shang belonged to Liangzhou, Zhou belonged to Bazi Kingdom, and Qin belonged to Bajun and Quren County.
In the 21st year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (216), Liu Bei divided the Quren territory and established Yangqu County, and governed the city of Changtan, which was the beginning of the establishment of Wanzhou County.
In the eighth year of Jianxing of the Shu Han Dynasty (230), the provincial Yangqu was established in Nanpu County, and the city was moved to the south bank of Wanzhou District.
In the second year of the Western Wei Dynasty (553) when the emperor was deposed, Nanpu was renamed Yuquan County and moved to Jiangbei (today's Huancheng Road, Wanzhou District).
During the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-584), Yuquan County was first changed to Anxiang County, and then to Wanchuan County, which was under the same governance as Nanzhou and Wanchuan County.
In the 10th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (598), Wanzhou County was abolished and Wanchuan County was changed to Nanpu County, which was governed by the same government as Nanzhou.
In the third year of Emperor Yangdi’s reign (607), Nanzhou and Nanpu County of the province were assigned to Badong County.
In the second year of Wude (619) of Tang Dynasty, Nanpu County was established, which led to the three counties of Liangshan, Nanpu and Wuning. In the eighth year of Wude, Nanpu County was changed to Puzhou.
In the eighth year of Zhenguan (634), Puzhou was changed to Wanzhou. In the first year of Tianbao (742), Wanzhou was changed to Nanpu County. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Wanzhou was restored and still governed under the same jurisdiction as Nanpu County.
In the 20th year of Yuan Shizu's reign (1283), Nanpu County of the province entered Wanzhou and took over Wuning County.
In the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1317), Wuning County was merged into Wanzhou, and in the sixth year (1373), Wanzhou was reduced to Wanxian.
In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the Wanxian Prefecture was established.
In March 1917, the British-controlled Chongqing Customs officially established a branch at Jinjiang Terrace upstream of the East Bell and Drum Tower in Wanxian City.
In July 1925, Duan Qirui announced the official opening of Wanxian as a port. Since then, Wanxian has become the second treaty port in Sichuan Province with direct customs declaration and export.
Yang Sen established the city of Wanxian in 1928 and served as mayor himself. He believed that “if you enter the country without plowing the fields and cultivating the country, you cannot call it governing the country.
Entering the city, The roads are muddy and the mountains are filthy, so it cannot be called a good city."
He "imitated European and American countries and changed customs", focused on promoting his "New Deal", started municipal construction in a drastic manner, and appointed Ren Haisi, a student studying in Japan, as an engineer.
The new city is planned on the basis of the old city, and the Ring Road, Wenming Road, 1st Road, 2nd Road, 3rd Road, Xishan Road, Orchard Front Road, Orchard Back Road, Great Wall Road, and Wangjiang Road have been repaired. There are 12 muddy gravel roads including Telegraph Road and Telegraph Road.
Construction of Wan'an Bridge and Fuxing Bridge was started; two new markets, Bell and Drum Tower and Nanjin Street, were opened; Xishan Park was built and a tall Western-style bell tower was built, which is the third largest along the Yangtze River after Shanghai and Wuhan. The Bell Tower is still a landmark building in Wanzhou.
Then the city was reorganized, the area was planned, shops and residential areas were demarcated, and public toilets were built. The ancient Wanzhou had a new look, business became more prosperous, and it became one of the three largest cities in Sichuan. It is known as "Chongqing and Wan".
In 1950, the Wanxian District was established and belongs to the Sichuan East Administrative District.
The Wanxian Office is located in Wanxian City and has jurisdiction over 8 counties including Wanxian (based in Shahe Town), Kaixian, Chengkou (based in Fuxing Town), Wuxi, Yunyang, Fengjie, Wushan, and Zhongxian.
In 1952, Wanxian District came under the leadership of Sichuan Province.
Wanxian City, which was originally under the direct jurisdiction of the East Sichuan Administrative Office, was placed under the leadership of the Wanxian Administrative Office.
It governs 1 city and 8 counties.
In 1953, Wanxian City was changed to a provincial municipality, and Wanxian County Agency was entrusted with its management.
Liangping County, which was formerly part of Dazhu District, was incorporated into Wanxian District.
It governs 1 city and 9 counties.
In 1970, Wanxian District was renamed Wanxian District, and the area was located in Wanxian City.
It governs Wanxian City and Wanxian (in Shahe Town), Kaixian, Chengkou (in Fuxing Town), Wuxi, Wushan, Fengjie, Yunyang, Zhongxian, Liangping and 9 counties.
In 2005, the three immigration development zones of Longbao, Tiancheng and Wuqiao were abolished, and Wanzhou District directly managed towns, villages and streets, with jurisdiction over 13 townships, 28 towns and 11 streets, covering an area of 3457 square kilometers.
On June 24, 2005, the Wanzhou District People’s Political Bureau moved its headquarters from Taibaiyan Street to Chenjiaba Street (that is, from No. 82 Gaosuntang to No. 756 Tiancheng Avenue). In 2010, Chongqing The relocation and resettlement tasks for the Three Gorges residents have been fully completed.
Wanzhou is the largest Three Gorges resettlement area, with 263,000 immigrants, and 1/5 of the immigrants from the Three Gorges reservoir area moved to Wanzhou.
As Wanzhou became the main place where immigrants from the Three Gorges moved in, its scale expanded and it became the second largest city in Chongqing.
Extended information:
Wanzhou District is located on the eastern edge of the Sichuan Basin and the northeastern edge of Chongqing City, covering an area of 3,457 square kilometers (1 million acres of cultivated land, including 584,900 acres of farmland; more than 25 There are 501,400 acres of sloping land, including 324,900 acres of dry land), and the urban area is 32.5 square kilometers.
The hills in the area are undulating. The highest point is Shaping Peak in Puzi Township, with an altitude of 1,762 meters. The lowest point is in Huangbai Township, on the bank of the Yangtze River, with an altitude of 106 meters. In the northwest, the Caixiao Pass in Fengshan Township, Gaosheng Township, has an altitude of 1373.3 meters, and the relative height differences within the territory are 184.5 meters and 1266.8 meters respectively.
Low mountains and hills account for about a quarter of the area, and low and mid-mountain mountains and intermountain flatlands account for about a quarter. There are very few flat dams and platforms, and they are scattered sporadically.
There are crisscrossing rivers in the territory, and the rivers and streams are deeply cut, have large drops, and are distributed in a branch-like manner. They all belong to the Yangtze River system.
The Yangtze River enters the Shicao River in Changping Township (118 meters above sea level) at the junction of Shizhu and Zhong counties in the southwest, traverses the hinterland to the northeast, and flows into Yunyang County via Baishuitan in Huangbai Township (106 meters above sea level). The process 80.4 kilometers.
The rivers with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers include the Zhuxi River, Duhe River, Shiqiao River, Ruxi River, and Puli River in the north of the Yangtze River, and the Nixi River, Wuqiao River, and Baishui River in the south of the Yangtze River. ***8, 93 creeks and gullies, with a total water area of 163,000 acres (108.66 square kilometers).
The geological ages of the exposed strata within the territory are mostly found in the Triassic and Jurassic periods of the Mesozoic Era. They were formed between 230 and 137 million years ago. The Jurassic period is the most widely distributed, followed by the Triassic, and locally There are Paleozoic Permian strata dating back 285 to 230 million years.
There are also Cenozoic Quaternary strata dating back 2.5 million years ago, and the geological structural lines within the territory are controlled by the western edge of the Wulingshan fold belt and the Dabashan arc fold belt, the third giant uplift belt of the Neocathaysian system. The Sichuan diamond-shaped structural basin extends out of the country in the northeast and three northeast directions.
It disappears on the northwest side of the Qiyaoshan anticline structure, forming a Wanxian arc-shaped structural line that projects to the northwest.
Wanzhou District belongs to the subtropical monsoon humid zone, with four distinct climate seasons, warm and foggy winters, hot summers with frequent droughts, and rapid and unstable temperature rises in early spring.
Autumn is characterized by long autumn, continuous rain, abundant sunshine, abundant rainfall, mild weather, long frost-free period and rare frost and snow.
The annual average temperature within the territory is 17.7°C, the highest annual average temperature is 19.0°C (1982), and the lowest annual average temperature is 17.6°C (1974).
The multi-year extreme maximum temperature is 41 ℃ (August 26, 1972), the extreme minimum temperature is minus 3.7 ℃ (January 27, 1955, December 15, 1975), and the multi-year average annual sunshine duration is The total number of hours is 1484.4 hours, and the maximum annual sunshine hours is 1713 hours.
The minimum annual sunshine hours are 924 hours. According to statistics from the Datankou Hydrological Station in the territory, the average annual precipitation is 1243 mm, and the maximum annual precipitation is 1549.6 mm (1982).
The lowest annual precipitation is 981.9 mm (1976).