Does Wong Tai Sin belong to Buddhism or Taoism?
Wong Tai Sin
Wong Tai Sin, whose real name is Chuping (about 328-386), was later called Wong Tai Sin, a famous Taoist fairy. He was born in Lanxi City, Jinhua County, Zhejiang Province, China, and is a local shepherd boy. Because he cultivated immortals in Song Chi, he was also named Song Chizi. Jincheng Xianhe Emperor was born in Danxi, Jinhua on August 13th, three years (AD 328).
According to the anthology "Records of Red Pine Mountain", the surname of Emperor Wu of Danxi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was also obvious, and his ancestors were all prepared to be officials. On April 8th, Daning, Ming Di, grew up for the first time. He was afraid of being an emperor. On August 13th, three years later, his second son was afraid of being born, but he realized that he was a handsome man. Huang Chuping started herding sheep at the age of eight. At the age of fifteen, he met the immortal Guang in the mountains. Seeing his intelligence, kindness and loyalty, he took him to study Taoism in the cave of Shishi, Song Chi, Jinhua. From then on, Chu Ping gave up the secular pursuit and concentrated on practice. After more than 40 years of accumulated virtue, I finally got a positive result. His brother Huang Chu misses ChuPing. Plus, I haven't heard from you for many years, so I went to find ChuPing through mountains and rivers, which was not allowed for many years. Forty years later, I met a Taoist priest who was good at divination in the city and asked about the whereabouts of Bu Chuping. The Taoist told me that there was a shepherd in Jin Huashan who was similar to his brother and took him to a cave in Song Chi. The two brothers finally met. Chuping's divine power was like this for the first time, so he abandoned his wife and children and concentrated on practice. And under the guidance of the immortal teacher, * * * drank the spring water with pine cones and poria cocos, gathered the aura of heaven and earth, studied morality seriously, and both cultivated into immortals. After Professor Shidong's disciples lived in seclusion in the mountains, all of them became immortals. The Jade Emperor ordered the little emperor Chisongshan to be in charge of heaven and earth. In Song Dynasty, Fu, two emperors of Yuan Dynasty, praised his reputation and praised him for being responsive. Cherish spring sixteen years, sealed a big emperor, a little emperor, raised a real person, Ding Jing for three years, sealed a seal, raised a real person. Shu Dao Ji, a Taoist priest in the Tang Dynasty, has poems as evidence: Songlao Song Chi Park and Song Jian Temple. Everyone has a brother, who is immortal.
Wong Tai Sin not only benefits the people in his hometown, but also travels around the country to "give alms to persuade the good and help others". Overseas Chinese at home and abroad regard him as the highest deity of China Taoism in the South China Sea. In the Song Dynasty, Fu and Yuan emperors praised his reputation and his quick response. Li Bai, Su Shi and Zheng Shiyi. There are poems. Throughout the ages, Wong Tai Sin has been known as "exorcising evil spirits, strengthening the body, eliminating violence and calming the nerves". During the period of British colonial economy, most Hong Kong people worshipped Akamatsu Wong Tai Sin as the spiritual pillar of the Chinese nation. Wong Tai Sin is good at alchemy and medicine. He was once regarded as a god of wealth and good fortune because of "saving lives and keeping peace". The incense of Wong Tai Sin Temple is getting more and more popular all over the country, and its followers are all over the world.
As the treasure land of Wong Tai Sin's immortality, Song Chi is an immortal ancestral temple, which attracts many believers to yearn for it day and night. They came here from a place not far from Wan Li to look for immortal sources and make a pilgrimage for sightseeing. Wong Tai Sin Palace in Akamatsu closely links the patriotism of overseas Chinese people. Wong Tai Sin's spirit of "giving alms to the good and helping the weak and helping the poor" has been widely read and carried forward from generation to generation.
Wong Tai Sin-Pursuing the Source of Faith
The Origin and Inheritance of Folk Custom
According to legend, there was a belief and worship of Wong Tai Sin as early as when climbing the mountain, which may have happened in the Jin Dynasty. Huang Chuping herded sheep to meet immortals in Jin Huashan and cultivated immortals in Song Chi Jinhua Cave. In addition, his adventures such as "Fossil is a sheep" and "Prove the Tao to be immortal" are very fascinating. Coupled with the legend that they can give people prescriptions and make people live forever, the Chuping brothers are believed by people.
Sacrificial Activities of Wong Tai Sin from Jin Dynasty to Qing Dynasty
Completion and Construction of Akamatsu Palace: According to the records of Akamatsu Mountain in Jinhua, Akamatsu Palace was completed in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the first year (1008), the Chisong Palace was renamed "Baoji Pavilion". 195 1 year, China municipal government developed water conservancy and built Shankoufeng Reservoir, and Baoji Pass sank to the bottom.
Origin of Chishiyan and Chishiyan Temple: After the Ming Dynasty, the belief of Wong Tai Sin spread to Guangzhou, and Yangshikeng in Xinhui County was renamed Chishiyan because of the story of "Chishiyan" in Huang Chuping.
Sacrificial Activities of Wong Tai Sin since the Late Qing Dynasty
1, the creation of Puji altar:
It turns out that the belief in Wong Tai Sin in Guangdong began with a group of literati in Panyu during 1897. According to records, they later gathered 65,438+00 "good friends" and asked Huang Chu to set up a white altar. In the same year 10, Wong Tai Sin gave the altar the name "Puji".
2. The creation of Puqing altar:
The first temple dedicated to Wong Tai Sin in Guangdong in the late Qing Dynasty was the "Wong Tai Sin Temple in Chisong" in Puqingtan, South China Sea. The temple was founded in 190 1 and built in 1903, covering an area of fifteen or sixteen acres. The main founder is Ren Liang 'an, the leader of Ren Gang.
3, the creation of universal altar:
Another temple dedicated to Wong Tai Sin is Puhua altar, still located in Guangzhou Huadai, built at 1930. It is about half a kilometer away from the destroyed Puji altar, covering an area of only four or five acres. It was mainly built by Chen, the southern king in charge of the eastern military and political affairs, and his concubine Mo Xiuying.
In short, from these fairy tales, temples and mountain poems, we can know the original appearance and development of Wong Tai Sin's belief.
Wong Tai Sin-Allusions
The angry stone turned into a sheep: in Huang Gan village, Huang Chu, there was a younger brother named Huang Chuping. When Chuping 15 years old, he herded sheep to Nanshan (Jinhua Shan Zhinan) to graze, and never came home again. His family, relatives and friends all looked for him, but there was no trace. Year after year, forty years have passed and there is still no news. Although Huang Chuchao is now full of white hair, he always remembers to hang up his younger brother who was lost when he was young.
On this day, Huang Chu heard that there was a Taoist priest in Lanxi market who asked for divination. He was very clever. So he went to the market and asked a Taoist priest to divine for his younger brother Huang Chuping. The Taoist priest listened to his memory and said, "I once met your brother Huang Chuping in Jin Huashan. Is your brother Huang Chuping? " Hearing this, he was so happy that his heart almost jumped into his throat and repeatedly said, "This is called Huang Chuping." Hurriedly kowtowed and bowed down, begging the Taoist priest to take him to see his brother. Road flyover Huang Chu got up and went to the stone house in the mountain. Sure enough, he saw Huang Chuping, and the two brothers hugged each other, tears streaming down their faces with joy, chatting.
The elder brother looked at the younger brother he met again and said curiously, "Brother, 40 years later, your skin is still so white and tender, your hair is still so black, and your teeth are still so neat, just like when you were 14 or 15 years old. Forty years later, my face is still the same as yesterday. So is your sheep still there? "
"Of course I am." Brother Huang Chuping answered with confidence. "Where is it?" Huang Chu brothers asked in surprise. My brother immediately ran to the east mountain and saw Bai Lei. There are no sheep. He came back and said to his brother, "You are really joking. There are no sheep there! " The younger brother said, "No, you didn't see it." So my brother took his younger brother to the east of the mountain, only to hear his younger brother loudly reprimand: "Get up!" " "At the same time, the fairy broom waved a few times. Lei Lei Baishi, which I saw at first, immediately became a live sheep with Chuping's reprimand: some ate grass, some jumped, some fought ... There were thousands of sheep on the dock. At the beginning, I understood that ChuPing had been refined into a spell and cultivated into an immortal, so I asked my brother to teach me how to practice. After 30 years of hard work, I have achieved great success in Taoism. I can disappear into the sky and become a fairy. Brother Erxian returned to his hometown, Huang Gan Village, and found all his relatives and friends dead. They have done a lot of good for the villagers. Later, when people learned the truth, everyone called Xian Chengxian's younger brother Huang Chuping "Wong Tai Sin" and "Wong Tai Sin's teacher".
Wong Tai Sin-Folk Custom
Wong Tai Sin is actually a golden turtle in front of the Jade Emperor's Temple. After years of practice, he has acquired the aura of the universe and his magic is also very high. One day, the scarab saw a large area of land on the earth, and there was no water in the river. The rice fields are as dry as hay, and people are so thirsty that their tongues are dry and their lips are burnt. Scarab was very kind, so it secretly sprayed the water from Tianhe to the lower bound, and it rained heavily. The people danced with joy, and the water god who visited Tianhe told the Jade Emperor about the scarab stealing rain from the world. The Jade Emperor was furious and rebuked the Scarab for using Tianhe without authorization and committing a "dogma", so he sent him down to earth as a human being and assigned the celestial guards to be reincarnated as turtles. The heavenly guards sympathized with the Scarab's punishment and wanted to choose a noble family to reincarnate the Scarab. In the evening, they called several city gods and land to ask, but one family decided that after several generations of efforts, his wife was going to give birth. At this time, the maternal household is full of golden light and red light, and the maternal feels that there is a turn for the better and the baby is born. It was the Jin Dynasty. In the third year of Cheng Xianhe (AD 328), his family name was Huang. Three years ago, they got their eldest son, and they took the "first time", which means they hope to get rid of poverty from their son's generation. Now when the second son is born, there is golden light and red light. I don't know what's strange. He hoped that his second son would grow up safely, so he named it Chuping. Huang Chuping herded sheep at home when he was eight years old. He is pure and wise, filial to the young, diligent and studious, and his elders in the countryside praise him as a saint. When Huang Chuping was fifteen, one day he was herding sheep at the foot of Jinhua Mountain, and a lamb slipped and got hurt. He cured the lamb carefully and took care of it. The lamb nestled on his knee and was very moved. Huang Chuping felt sad and thought that when the lamb grew up, it would be slaughtered, which helped him to endure. He was worried and didn't know what to do. At this moment, a Taoist priest passed by and asked ChuPing why he was in such a hurry. ChuPing explained the reason. The Taoist asked Huang Chuping what he thought of the lamb. Chuping said, I hope the sheep will live forever. The Taoist priest said it was easy, so he used his magic to turn the sheep into white stones in the mountains. ChuPing looked surprised and felt very mysterious. At the same time, he became a monk again, begging the Taoist priest to take him in for Chuping. He replied: "I believe, work hard and have no attachments, but I want to succeed in learning Taoism." The Taoist priest smiled and said, "You have the wisdom to practice, and you have many fairy tales. Only by practicing diligently and achieving positive results will you be so persistent and the old road will agree with you. " Taoist introduced Huang Chuping to the Jinhua Ancient Cave in Song Chi, realized the mystery of monasticism and carved the Tao.
When Chuping returned to his hometown, his parents had died, so he had to go to see his brother Huang Chu, so Chuping told his brother about his forty years' experience. My brother asked ChuPing where the goat went. Chuping said they were still in the mountains, but his brother didn't believe him. So Chu Ping took his brother to see them in the mountains. I see a group of white stones. Where is the goat? I saw Chu Ping chanting a spell, waving the dust in his hand at the mountain and saying, "Get up, sheep." The white stone on the mountain immediately jumped up and became a thousand sheep. His brother suddenly realized the mystery of Taoism, so he studied Taoism with his younger brother.
After 500 years of practice, Wong Tai Sin rode a crane, and his eldest brother rode a fairy deer to Xianfu, which achieved good results. This is the life of Wong Tai Sin and the story of "turning stones into sheep".
After the first peace became a fairy, the people sent doctors and medicines, and the police and evil were eliminated, which won the hearts of the people. People call him Wong Tai Sin or Akamatsu Sin.
Many believers built temples and shrines for him in Guangzhou, Xiqiao Mountain, Hong Kong, Southeast Asia and even the United States. The legend of Wong Tai Sin dates back to ancient times, and the people praised him for punishing evil and promoting good, exorcising demons and catching monsters, practicing medicine to save people, persuading good and doing good, and planting deeds of caring for the sufferings of the people. According to the Records of Jinhua County, during the Jiading period of the Song Dynasty, there was a man named Tang Ji, whose left eye often shed tears, and he couldn't be cured after seeing many famous doctors. One day, he went up the hill and passed a big stone. Suddenly, someone was calling his name. This moment I saw it, it turned out to be a Taoist sitting on a stone. Tao Weng said that Tang Ji is a kind person and should not suffer such suffering. So Daoweng drained the herb juice and applied it to his left eye. As a result, his eye disease was cured. Later, Tang Ji learned that this Taoist Weng was Wong Tai Sin. In order to thank him for his illness, he offered a statue of Wong Tai Sin at home. At night, incense burned us, and that stone was called Wong Tai Sin Stone.
In the year of Song San (A.D. 1087), there was a drought in the south of the Yangtze River, the rivers dried up, and the straw was as dry as hay. People are thirsty. The government went to the Korean Pine Palace in Jin Huashan to ask for rain, and it really came true. Near noon in Jinhua, dew moistened and the drought was eliminated. Huang Da-nei's immortal deeds of "saving lives", "praying for rain and sunshine" and "expressing affection with affection" were awarded by the emperors in the 16th year of Song Dynasty (1 189) and the 3rd year of Li Ding (1262).
According to legend, in ancient times, there was a plague in Xiqiao, Nanhai. Fortunately, Wong Tai Sin passed through here and relieved the people's pain. However, because too many people are sick, there is not enough fairy medicine in the gourd. Wong Tai Sin told everyone not to worry, saying: It doesn't matter if there is no medicine. Just touching his medicine gourd can eliminate the disease, so all the sick people ran to touch Wong Tai Sin's medicine gourd and the plague was eliminated. Later, in order to commemorate this merit of Wong Tai Sin, people carved Wong Tai Sin's medicine gourd in the Wong Tai Sin Holy Garden in Xiqiao Mountain.
Wong Tai Sin-Portrait
There are no clay sculptures or wood carvings dedicated to Wong Tai Sin in temples and Dojo in Hong Kong, only simple and flat figures. The founder of the tradition of worshipping the portrait of Wong Tai Sin is the founder of Wong Tai Sin belief in Hong Kong and one of the founders of Liang An Si Ke Yuan. The belief in Wong Tai Sin originated in modern Guangdong, China. The main temples are dedicated to the statue of Wong Tai Sin, which is made of clay and gold. Because of the unstable political situation at that time, Liang took the portrait instead of the portrait in order to avoid chaos and come to the south conveniently. This compromise has become the biggest feature of Wong Tai Sin belief in Hong Kong.
There are four kinds of portraits of Wong Tai Sin:
1, portrait of Wong Tai Sin in Sike Garden
Found it on the altar in the main hall of Sike Garden. In the painting, Wong Tai Sin sits cross-legged on a pu, wearing a Taoist crown and a Taoist robe.
2. Yuan Qing Pavilion Wong Tai Sin's "Self-portrait"
It was found in the temple of Yuan Qingting. It was in a dustpan supporting activity during the period of 1947 that Wong Tai Sin lowered the dustpan, drew the outline with a fake dustpan, and then painted it by the Taoist couple. It can be said that it is a "self-portrait" of Wong Tai Sin. He dressed up as a Taoist.
3. The public portrait of Wong Tai Sin.
This kind is the most common, usually painted on paper, as the cover of the tomb of Wong Tai Sin, and it has become a god of integrity, which can be seen at any time in the workshop. In the painting, Wong Tai Sin is red-lipped and black-bearded, wearing a Taoist crown and a blue Taoist hug, sitting cross-legged on a futon.
4. New portrait of Wong Tai Sin
This was painted by a painter in Jinhua County in recent years. In the painting, Wong Tai Sin is dressed as a Taoist, with a dust brush in his right hand and a long beard in his left hand, and his clothes are swaying. Portraits can be obtained free of charge at Song Huaxian Pavilion and Yuan Qing Pavilion.