Singing solar terms travel notes in Heizai
Tibetan Spring Festival custom: Tibetan people celebrate the Spring Festival according to their own calendars. The Tibetan calendar is similar to the Han Chinese lunar calendar. The Tibetan calendar year usually comes within a few days after the Spring Festival of the Han nationality. On the day before New Year's Eve, when the sun is about to set, every household dumps dirty water and dirt to the west, so that those dirty things can be removed with the setting of the sun, as a sign to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, hoping that people will prosper and everything will grow.
On New Year's Eve, there will be a grand "God Jump". People dressed in gorgeous costumes and grotesque masks, accompanied by conch, drum, suona and other musical instruments, sing and dance, madly bid farewell to the old and welcome the new, exorcise evil spirits and reduce happiness. On New Year's Eve, Tibetans like to eat oil cakes, milk cakes, blood sausage and hand-grabbed meat. On the morning of New Year's Day, women will go to the river or the well to fetch water, which symbolizes the good luck, health and longevity of the whole family. Then, every household put a symbolic offering "bamboo as a horse" on the eye-catching red table. "Bamboo Horse" is an ingot-shaped long color basin (similar to the grain barrel in Han area). One end is filled with wheat grains, and the other end is filled with cakes made of white sugar, ghee and highland barley powder, with several strings of dyed wheat ears and highland barley ears inserted on them. I hope that the five grains will be abundant and people and animals will prosper. Cheerful people gathered in the room with "bamboo, vegetables and horses", worshiping highland barley wine, offering Hada, singing and dancing and celebrating the Spring Festival.
During the Spring Festival, friends, relatives and neighbors pay New Year greetings to each other and present Hada to each other, wishing them happiness. And entertain guests with highland barley wine, butter tea and cakes. The square and Yuan Ye are even more lively. Young people get together to hold competitions and shooting competitions, and songs and cheers come and go. After the game, everyone got together, lit a bonfire, played a United blessing song, danced the "Pot Village" chord dance, and reveled until late at night.
Dai people's New Year custom: The Dai people's New Year is about the seventh day after the Tomb-Sweeping Day of the Dai calendar. During the festival, Dai compatriots held such lively and extraordinary activities as splashing water, dragon boat racing and flying high. Water splashing is the climax of the Dai New Year and the most wonderful scene in the Dai calendar year, so it is often called "Water Splashing Festival".
On this day, people splash water on each other and use water to express sincere friendship, pure love and blessings in their hearts. There are two kinds of splashing water: splashing water with words and splashing water with arms. Wen poured water on the old man, scooped up a spoonful of clean water, said a blessing, pulled open the other person's collar and let the water flow down his spine. The person who was splashed happily accepted the blessing and could not run away. There is no fixed form of splashing water. You can chase each other with scoops, pots and barrels and splash face to face. The more water you pour, the more blessings you receive, and the happier you are.
Zhuang nationality's Spring Festival custom: In addition to the Spring Festival, Zhuang people will spend another "old age" on the 30th day of the first month. These two festivals are equally grand. On the morning of the festival, it will be dawn, and women will rush to the river bank and the well platform to get new water. On this day, anything that can be drunk or used cannot be the water stored the day before. In the past, in some areas, fresh water was weighed immediately after it was retrieved. Compared with the same amount of old water, if the new water is heavy, it indicates a bumper harvest year. During the festival, men and women gather on the roadside or hillside of the village to sing folk songs. Sometimes it takes three days and nights. In some areas, young men and women also like to throw hydrangeas in teams during festivals (sewn with various colors of cloth, with five tassels at the corners and bottom and colored ropes in the middle). The center of the ball is full of chaff and weighs about half a kilogram.
Mongolian off-year and off-year: The 23rd of the twelfth lunar month is the off-year of the Mongolian people. This day is the day to send the "Vulcan Year Fire", and every household burns incense in front of the "Kitchen God" niche. Provide offerings such as beef, mutton, butter, milk skin, cheese, milk cake, candy, etc. , is called "Zhai stove". On this day, family reunion, reunion dinner and reunion wine are the most important and lively. At night, it will be sent to the gods, and people will light firewood or cow dung blocks prepared in advance, and then take some from various offerings and throw them into the fire to help the fire burn. At this time, the whole family prayed to Vulcan in front of the flame. Generally, before the fifteenth day of the twelfth lunar month, every household has to slaughter cattle and sheep. Besides keeping it for yourself, you should also prepare some meat for your relatives and friends. At the same time, we should make a beautiful Mongolian robe for adults and children, buy new boots and hats, buy milk buckets, blankets, pots and pans, spoons and other appliances, and then take good care of the horses riding in the festival. Spring Festival, called "White Festival" and "New Year" by Mongolians, is a traditional Mongolian program, which is held on the first day of the first lunar month. The customs and habits of Mongolian people living in rural areas, cities and industrial and mining areas are similar to those of Han people, but they have many different characteristics in pastoral areas. On New Year's Eve, the whole family sat around the low table in the yurt, with a plate of delicious meat, milk, candy, cigarettes, wine and other things on the table, and some even presented a large piece of paper on the low table with the names of their ancestors written on it. At midnight, start drinking and eating New Year's Eve, or eating jiaozi on New Year's Eve. According to the rules, we should eat and drink more meat at the reunion banquet, and the utensils should be filled with seats. Try to walk if you can't finish eating, which symbolizes that you don't have enough to eat and drink during the New Year. Young people at home should propose "farewell wine" to their elders. What is particularly interesting is that the whole family eats a big round cake made of ghee, sugar and white flour. This is called eating rice cakes, and everyone only eats one bite, which means that the whole family will never be separated, reunited forever and live a sweet life forever. On New Year's Eve, we will play "Garam" (playing with sheep bones), read books, sing and dance, stay up all night and have a lively night. In the new year, it is customary to pay a New Year call. New Year's Eve is a ceremony to bid farewell to the old year, and the morning of the first day is a new year. The younger generation kowtowed, toasted and offered hada to their parents and the elderly, wishing the elderly good health and happiness in their later years! The old people held their grandchildren and poured a bowl of fresh milk, wishing their children happiness and purity like milk. Before liberation, some families invited lamas to recite scriptures at home to eliminate the ominous disaster in the New Year and pray for family prosperity in the new year. The whole family helped the old and brought the young to the Lama Temple to burn incense and worship, seeking the blessing of the living Buddha. After breakfast on New Year's Day, men and women dressed up in groups of three or five went door to door to pay New Year greetings to relatives and friends. When guests enter the house, they first kowtow to their elders and wish them good health and a prosperous life. According to the custom, the son-in-law of the host's shirt gives each guest a toast, and each guest will drink it, or sing and dance while drinking. Cold in the village or choose a meadow for horse racing, wrestling, camel racing, etc.
On New Year's Eve, the streets of Berlin, the capital of Germany, are full of hibiscus flowers. 65438+1 October1New Year's Day, countries all over the world take various forms to celebrate the New Year.
South Africa South Africans celebrate the New Year by dancing with a big pumpkin on the head of the tribal leader. Breaking the pumpkin after the dance means "the old has passed, and a new beginning".
Portugal The Portuguese welcome the New Year with bullfighting. Every year around New Year's Day, 10 is the climax of bullfighting, and thousands of people flock to the bullring to enjoy the bravery of watching bullfighting.
Canadians in Canada think snow is a symbol of good luck. During the New Year, not only will they not clear the snow around the house, but they will also accumulate snow around the house and build a snow wall that they think can stop the invasion of monsters.
On New Year's Day, Argentine men, women and children always flock to the river for a "New Year bath". They think it can wash away all the bad luck and dirt in the old year.
In Scotland, England, on New Year's Day, people are used to using coal as a New Year's gift, delivering it to relatives and friends' homes in person and throwing it into the master's stove, wishing them a prosperous life in the new year.
India, India, some people take the practice of fasting for one day and one night to welcome the New Year. On the morning of New Year's Day, people will go out to pay New Year's greetings with exquisite water lanterns and red envelopes. After congratulating each other, they painted red powder on each other's foreheads, while young people put red ink into water guns and shot at relatives and friends, indicating good luck.
In many countries, welcoming the New Year and celebrating Christmas seem to be a long winter holiday. This is the most enjoyable winter vacation.
The winter festival in Sweden lasts about one and a half months. On the last Saturday of June 1 1, a young girl lit a torch in a central square in the capital Stockholm, accompanied by a marching song played by the band. Street lights are also lit up, and candles and six-pointed stars are lit in every household, symbolizing an important tradition of winter festivals-light and glory. A girl in a long white dress and holding a candle walked through the city. A tall and beautiful Christmas tree in the square and yard is essential.
In Japan, New Year celebrations last for a week. Every morning, girls collect "seven spring grasses". On the seventh day, the owners of each family cooked many dishes with the vegetables and rice collected. Burn all the New Year decorations at the end of the festival.
When you spend the New Year in London, England, you can go to Trafalgar Square and take a bath in the fountain with your clothes on. The custom is that many people are willing to do so.
In Scotland, every household is open to everyone on June 5438+February 3 1: please come in and have something to eat! But don't forget to poke the fire in the stove. People who come in should do it silently. According to the old saying, whoever follows this tradition will come with goodwill.
In Italy, you should be careful when you walk in the street on New Year's Eve, because you have the habit of throwing old things out of the window or on the balcony. Although the Italian police have been trying to fight against this tradition, old things still fly to pedestrians. I can't help it. It's a tradition.
In Iran, there has been a custom for a long time, that is, all the clay utensils in the house are replaced with new ones in the New Year. On New Year's Eve, all the old utensils were broken and replaced with new ones. So in Iran, if anyone is particularly poor, it can be said that "his clay utensils have not been changed for two years ..."
In Cuba, people sprinkle clean water from the windows before the New Year-creating artificial "rain", opening up a bright road for the old year. At midnight, the bell rang at 12. Whenever it strikes, people eat a grape with it. They said, "Let the milk of the earth moisten our bodies and let the radiance of the sun warm our skin."
Nearly three centuries ago, Russians ushered in the New Year on September 1 day as usual-this has been the case since15th century. However, since Peter the Great, 1 September has been declared as a normal working day, and the New Year is after 1 February, which is the Christian era (A.D.) 1700 1 adopted by European countries. Russia celebrated the New Year for the first time in 65438+ 10.