What are the protective facilities for dust prevention in the workshop?
Protective facilities for lifting platforms What construction lifts should have protective fences on the ground and meet the standard requirements?
Setup request:
1, the construction elevator ground protective fence should be enclosed in a circle, and the determined azimuth height should be not less than 2.0m, and the rigid square or circular appearance of 5000mm2 should be leveled in the normal direction of 300N.
When force is applied in any direction on either side of the door, the door shall:
—— Qualified, without permanent deformation;
-elastic deformation is not more than 30mm；;
—— It works normally after the experiment.
When a rigid square or circle of 5000mm2 is used to flatten the appearance, and a normal force of 600N is applied in any direction on either side of the door, the door may not meet the above requirements, but it should be safe. ;
2. The protective fence on the ground should be equipped with a fence door. Fence doors should be regarded as landing doors and meet the requirements of all high-rise doors. The gap, through hole and opening scale of the ground protective fence and its closed door shall meet the standards.
The requirement is allowed, but the distance between it and the moving parts of the elevator is not less than 0.85m (when the extra speed is greater than 0.7m/s) or 0.5m (when the extra speed is not greater than 0.7m/s) during normal operation.
3. All hanging cages and mobile counterweights should be enclosed with protective fences on the ground.
4. In order to protect the gate from the ground, the gate should be able to open from the inside.
The ground protective fence door should be equipped with interlocking protection device, which is reliable.
Installation requirements: The above-ground protective fence door should be equipped with a door lock device, and only when the fence door is in the closed and locked orientation can the hanging cage be started or insisted on running.
Above-ground entrances and exits should be provided with protective sheds, which should meet the standard requirements.
Setup request:
1. The protective shed of the above-ground feed inlet should be located above the feed inlet, with a width greater than that of the access opening, a length meeting the requirements of the falling radius and a width greater than that of the hanging cage.
2. When the building exceeds the second floor, a protective shed shall be erected above the ground passage of the construction elevator. When the height of the building exceeds 24m, a double protective shed should be set up.
3. When the height of the building exceeds 24m, the roof of the protective shed shall be provided with double protection.
4, protective shed raw materials should be hard, laying data should be impermeable.
The erection of the stop passage of the construction elevator shall meet the standard requirements.
Setup request:
1, stop layer channel should be independent stress system, and shall not be erected on the vertical pole of the construction elevator with wall frame.
2, stop layer channel scaffold laying should be tight and firm.
3. When loading and unloading, the horizontal distance between the edge of cage door and the edge of platform should be no more than 50 mm. ..
Landing doors should be installed at the entrance of each landing, and the landing doors should play a role.
Setup request:
1. A stop gate shall be installed at the entrance of each stop. The landing door should cover the opening with its full width and should not open to the elevator passage.
2. Mechanical devices controlled by car movement should not be used to open or close landing doors.
The landing door should meet the requirements of the standard and reach the standard.
Setup request:
1, landing doors should be stereotyped and westernized.
2. All high-rise doors shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The clear height of the landing door opening should not be less than 2.0m. Under special circumstances, when the clear height of the building entrance is less than 2.0m, it is allowed to reduce the height of the landing door opening, but in any case, the landing door is opened.
The clear height of is not less than1.8m (article 5.5.3.8.1GB 26557-20165438).
② During normal operation, the horizontal distance between the closed cage door and the closed landing door should not be greater than 150 mm ... Otherwise, there should be a way to make it meet the requirements, and it may be equipped with a landing entrance side defense that meets the requirements.
Protective device. The interval between the side protection device and any opening between the hanging cage or the landing door shall not be greater than150 mm.
(3) When the door is closed, the opening of the lifting channel should be covered with full width.
(4) When the door is closed, except the gap at the lower part of the door, the size of any through hole and opening related to the gap between adjacent moving parts of any door should match the gap around the door or the gap between parts.
Provisions in Table 4 of GB 2382 1—2009.
⑤ When a normal force of 300N is applied to any position on either side of the door, the door shall:
—— Qualified, without permanent deformation;
-elastic deformation is not more than 30mm；;
—— It works normally after the experiment.
When a rigid square or circle of 5000mm2 is used to flatten the appearance and a normal force of 600N is applied to either side of the door, the door may not meet the above requirements, but it should be safe.
3. In addition to the ground protective fence, low-height landing doors can be used, and the following requirements shall be met:
① The height of the landing door is between 1. 1m ~ 1.2m, and at least there should be protective railings, half-height middle railings and skirting boards at least 150mm above the ground.
(2) The safe distance between the outer edge of the upper part of the landing door and the moving parts during normal operation of the elevator should be not less than 0.75 m; If the extra speed does not exceed 0.7m/s, the safety interval may be 0.40m m.
(3) When the horizontal distance between the car edge and the landing edge or between the car and the landing door is greater than 150mm, and there is no other structure for effective protection, a side protection device should be set at the landing entrance.
(4) Low-height landing doors shall be equipped with interlocking devices that can verify their closing and locking directions. The action of interlocking device should be controlled at the door of the hanging cage. This simple method should not interfere with the movement of the interlocking device.
Work.
What are the safety protection facilities for gas construction? Municipal: warning signs, fences, night lighting, reflective vests.
Indoor courtyard: Safety belt, safety helmet and gloves are required for aerial work, and welders wear rubber shoes.
Construction electricity: leakage protector, knife switch or open circuit, generator grounding.
What protective facilities must be set for suspended operation? 1. Suspended workplaces must have a firm foothold and must be equipped with protective fences, railings or other safety facilities according to specific conditions.
2. Rigging, scaffolding, hanging baskets, hanging cages, platforms and other equipment used in hoisting operations can only be used after technical appraisal or inspection.
3, template support and removal of suspended operations must comply with the following provisions:
(1) formwork support shall be carried out according to the specified operating procedures, and the next working procedure shall not be carried out before the formwork is fixed. It is forbidden to climb up and down on the connectors and supports, and it is forbidden to disassemble the formwork on the same vertical plane. Formwork with complex structure shall be assembled and disassembled in strict accordance with the measures of construction organization design.
(2) Set up column formwork with a height of more than 3m, with diagonal braces and operating platforms around it. Less than 3m can be operated with a horse stool.
(3) For cantilever formwork, there should be a firm foothold. When installing formwork for airport structures, supports or scaffolding should be installed. When there are reserved holes in the template, the holes should be covered after installation. The edges or holes formed on the concrete slab after formwork removal shall be protected according to the relevant sections of Technical Code for Safety of Building Engineering (JGJ80). When the formwork is removed, boarding tools or supports shall be provided.
4, steel binding dangling homework must comply with the following provisions:
(1) scaffolding and. Must be erected when binding reinforcement and installing reinforcement skeleton.
(2) When binding ring beams, cantilever beams, overhangs, external walls and side columns, etc. , console frame and safety net should be installed. The binding of hanging beam reinforcement must be carried out on scaffolding or operating platform covered with scaffolding.
[3] When binding column and wall reinforcement, do not stand on the reinforcement skeleton or climb up and down. Column rebar within 3m can be bound on the ground or floor and erected as a whole; When binding the column reinforcement of more than 3m, an operation platform must be set up.
5. The suspension of operation during concrete pouring must comply with the following provisions:
(1) When casting frames, lintels, awnings and small platforms more than 2m above the ground, an operation platform shall be set up, and it is not allowed to directly stand on the formwork or support for operation.
(2) When pouring the arch foot structure, it should be carried out symmetrically on both sides of the arch foot. When pouring the storage bin, the lower opening should be closed first, and scaffolding should be set up to prevent people from falling.
(3) Under special circumstances, if there is no reliable safety facilities, you must fasten your seat belt and safety hook, or set up a safety net.
6. When the prestressed tensioning operation is suspended, the following provisions must be observed:
(1) During prestress tensioning, standing operators shall be set up, and the tensioning equipment shall be provided with solid and reliable scaffolding or operating platform. When tensioning in rainy days, rainproof awnings should also be set up.
(2) The prestressed tensioning area should have obvious safety signs, and non-operating personnel are prohibited from entering. Baffles must be set at both ends of the tensioned steel bar, and the distance between the ends of the tensioned steel bar 1 and 5 ~ 2m, the distance between the last group of tensioned steel bars 0 and 5m, and the width between the two outer sides of the tensioned steel bar should not be less than1m.
(3) Hole grouting shall be carried out according to the relevant provisions of prestressed tensioning safety facilities.
7, dangling doors and Windows operations must comply with the following provisions:
<1> When installing doors and windows, painting and installing glass, it is forbidden for operators to stand on balcony railings. When the temporary fixing and sealing materials of doors and windows can not reach the strength and welding, it is forbidden to climb sliding doors and windows by hand.
(2) Install doors and windows on the high external wall. When there are no outer feet, hang a safety net. When there is no safety net, the operator should fasten the safety belt, and the safety hook should be hung on a reliable object above the operator.
(3) During various window operations, the operator's center of gravity should be indoors, and he shall not stand on the windowsill. When necessary, the operator should fasten the safety belt.
What are the safety protection facilities for highway construction ① Electrical products such as distribution boxes, electrical components and cables purchased and used at the construction site must be certified by the national 3C and registered as provincial-level construction industrial products, and unqualified products shall not be used.
(2) The space of the power distribution room should be set according to the capacity of the power distribution cabinet, the width of the operation channel and the maintenance channel should meet the specification requirements, the door should be opened outwards, with good ventilation and rat prevention measures. It is forbidden to use high-power electrical appliances in the distribution room, and other personnel are prohibited from entering. Outside the distribution room, a sand box and a fire extinguisher for extinguishing electrical fires should be provided.
(3) The arrangement and installation of temporary electricity on the construction site must conform to the principles of TN-S zero protection, three-level distribution, two-level leakage protection, separate setting of power and lighting, and environmental safety. The power distribution of all electrical equipment must implement the system of "one machine, one brake, one leakage and one box".
What safety protection facilities are needed for fire protection projects? 1. Fire hydrant system-Take water from fire pump room, roof fire pool, fire hydrant water pump joint (suppressed by fire truck) and municipal water supply, and put out the fire manually.
Start mode-manual (press the pump start button in the fire hydrant to start the fire hydrant pump in the pump room).
2. Automatic sprinkler system-Take water from the fire pump house, roof fire pool and hydrant water pump connector. When the sprinkler in the fire area burns to a certain temperature, such as the common civil building 68, the glass ball bursts and sprays water, and then the wet alarm valve gives an alarm, or various electric signal pressure valves give an alarm to the fire main engine.
Start mode-passive (with fire nozzle burst action)
3. Smoke control and extraction system-positive pressure air supply. In case of fire, mixed-flow fans are used for pressurized air supply at the elevator entrance and the basement of stairs. Smoke exhaust-generally in basements and bathrooms, toxic gases and smoke are sucked out by centrifugal fans in case of fire.
Start mode-manual (press the start button of the fan control cabinet) and automatic (smoke temperature sensing will alarm the host in case of fire).
4. Automatic fire alarm system. The connection method depends on the brand. For example, Bay's manual alarm button has three wires, and Beijing Lida has six wires (or five wires can be connected). The main equipment includes: mainframe, smoke sensor, temperature sensor, broadcast, module (dual input and output, single input and output, etc.). ), and infrared alarm in atrium or basement above 8 meters.
The system can automatically control the start of the water pump in the fire pump room, monitor the fire situation in each fire zone, control the start of the smoke exhaust machine and the action of the air valve, and evacuate people by light waves in case of fire.
5. Gas fire extinguishing systems (similar to sprinkler systems), rainwater systems (similar to sprinkler systems), foam fire extinguishing systems, fire monitors, etc., and various fire extinguishing systems used in special places such as warehouses, docks and gas stations are not listed one by one.
What fire-fighting facilities and protective equipment are there in the workshop? According to the size and products of the workshop, there are various facilities and protective articles. General fire extinguishers, smoke doors, fire hoses, fireworks sensors and gas masks are all necessary. There will be personal shelters, fire suits, masks and protective glasses in specific workshops, and the list is endless for your reference!
What are the basic requirements of sanitation protection facilities for decentralized water supply sources?
(1) Well water sanitation: In order to prevent pollution, the well should be located at the upstream of groundwater pollution sources as far as possible, and the site with high terrain and difficult water accumulation should be selected. There are no pollution sources such as seepage toilets and cesspits within 20 ~ 30m. Well drilling needs disinfection, especially in the epidemic season of intestinal infectious diseases
(2) Spring water sanitation: Spring water is rich in water quantity and good in water quality, which is a suitable drinking water source in rural areas. In order to facilitate the use and prevent pollution, a water collection tank can be built, and chlorine can be added to the water collection tank for disinfection when necessary.
(3) Surface water sanitation: Surface water includes rivers, lakes and reservoirs. When the river is used as the water source, the water intake point should be located in the upper reaches of the river, and there should be no behavior that may pollute the water source within 25 ~ 30m around the water intake point; When the pond is used as the water source, a separate pond is used to take water, and the pond with serious pollution or small water quantity cannot be used as the water source; When lakes are used as water sources, separate tanks are used to supply water. When using surface water sanitation as drinking water source, we must avoid all kinds of pollution, prohibit all activities around the water intake point that may pollute the water source, strengthen purification and disinfection, and ensure drinking water sanitation as much as possible. Surface water often needs to be put into a tank for chlorination before drinking, and it should be filtered before disinfection if possible.
What safety protection facilities are there in the substation? The protective measures taken by the substation are:
(1), gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is adopted, SF6 gas is used as insulation between interphase and live part and grounding part, and the three phases are arranged in an equilateral triangle with small interphase geometry. The charged device is sealed in the grounded alloy cylinder, and the electric field and magnetic field outside the cylinder are almost zero.
(2) Optimize the layout of substations. Optimize the layout of substations to minimize the impact on the environment.
(3) Urban substations can be built into indoor substations.
(4) Greening and beautifying the substation, and setting green barriers around it. After the completion, the appearance of the substation will be in harmony with the surrounding environment.
(5) Transformer oil inside the transformer is used for insulation and cooling. At present, the flash point of transformer oil is high, and the situation of substation fire is rare. Moreover, the state has strict fire protection requirements for residential substations. For example, the fire fighting facilities in the substation should be equipped with automatic fire alarm system, water spray fire extinguishing system, heptafluoropropane gas fire extinguishing system and fire hydrant fire extinguishing system according to the arrangement of electrical devices and fire fighting requirements, so as to achieve the requirements of "prevention first, combining prevention with fire fighting".
(6) Indoor substations are generally close to nearby buildings. In the design of substation, the design unit has fully considered the explosion-proof requirements. For example, the walls of the distribution room are all made of reinforced concrete, and the doors are made of I-beams, which fully meet the strength requirements of safety protection in case of equipment accidents. In addition, the transformer is a pressureless device, and the oil is executed under normal pressure, so that the transformer oil will not splash or explode, and the oil and gas generated during the internal short circuit of the transformer can be released from the explosion-proof port of the transformer. The ventilation duct of transformer room can quickly release the pressure in the up and down direction in case of equipment accident, thus reducing the pressure on doors and walls.
How to protect parents in dust workshop? You only ask for personal dustproof. I know you need respiratory protection equipment. Woven bags are mainly made of polyethylene and polypropylene. If there is dust in production, you can use a mask to protect it. If you wear it for a long time, you can use a headband mask and choose a non-woven N90 mask. If the physical strength is high and the ambient temperature is high, it is recommended to use a mask with a breathing valve. The breathing valve is a one-way exhalation valve, which can dissipate the heat in the mask in time. When the dust concentration is high and the visual field is blurred, it is recommended to use N95-level protective masks, and some of them have breathing valves. Choose the right mask according to your own needs, hoping to help you.