The latest information after the launch of Shenzhou 7
Focus on the launch of "Shenzhou 7"
2008-9-25 8:35:52
Zheng Guoguang guides the "Shenzhou 7" space weather support work< /p>
China Meteorological News correspondent Zong Weiguo reported that on the morning of September 22, Zheng Guoguang, director of the China Meteorological Administration, came to the Space Weather Forecast Operation Room of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center to conduct inspections on the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft. Carry out service mobilization and guidance for mission space weather support work.
Zheng Guoguang emphasized that we must do our best to provide space weather support services for the "Shenzhou 7" mission just like we treat the Olympic weather services. He put forward five requirements for space weather support work. First, we must pay attention not only to space weather, but also to the space environment; second, space debris is a potential threat that cannot be ignored in aerospace activities, and we must strengthen the monitoring of space debris; third, strengthen The production of "Shenzhou 7" space weather support decision-making products; the fourth is to reduce the service product delivery process, and you can consider sending key early warning information directly to important users through mobile phones; the fifth is to arrange the duty, strive to make your own products, and use the products to capture users.
It is reported that in order to ensure the complete success of the "Shenzhou 7" manned space mission, the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center is paying close attention to changes in space weather and strives to provide timely and accurate information for the "Shenzhou 7" mission. Accurate and efficient space weather support services.
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Ensuring astronauts' extravehicular travel Safety Weather "Olympic Stars" Protect the "Shenzhou" with their swords
China Meteorological News reporter Wang Suqin reported that a few days ago, the reporter learned from the National Satellite Meteorological Center of the China Meteorological Administration (National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center) that the current situation is my country's first new-generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite, "Fengyun-3A", which has played a huge role in Olympic meteorological services and is affectionately called the "Olympic Star" by the public, is in the orbit test stage on the "Shenzhou-7" The manned spacecraft will continue to contribute to meteorological support during its flight: it must not only overlook the earth, but also remotely measure space; it must not only provide satellite cloud images to support weather forecasts, but also conduct real-time monitoring of the space radiation environment to provide information for astronauts to leave the spacecraft. Window selection provides important reference advice.
According to researcher Xue Bingsen, chief forecaster of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center, the top priority of the "Shenzhou 7" space weather support service is to ensure the safety of astronauts traveling outside the spacecraft, and for The greatest threat to astronauts when they leave the vehicle is space radiation. If they encounter an anomaly in the South Atlantic with a high radiation flux, it will seriously affect the health of astronauts. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the space radiation environment in real time and obtain an environment with low space radiation flux. The Fengyun-3A star is good at monitoring space radiation environment. The space weather monitoring payload carried on it can provide monitoring data with a time resolution of 2 seconds in real time. The National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center can grasp the real situation of space weather in a timely manner. , thus inferring the dynamic changes of the radiation environment, and the guarantee service becomes handy.
Xue Bingsen said that the Fengyun-3A star has three major characteristics in space environment monitoring, which will become the "sword" of the "Shenzhou-7" space weather support service. First, the monitoring data is real-time. The space weather monitoring instrument was carried as the main load for the first time on the Fengyun-3A satellite. The space monitoring data was transmitted to the ground receiving station in real time as business data together with the meteorological data, breaking the gap between Fengyun-1 and Fengyun-2 meteorological satellites in space weather monitoring. as ancillary business. Second, monitoring data has autonomy. In the past, space weather assurance services mainly relied on foreign data, and the use of foreign data was subject to many restrictions. Especially at some critical moments, foreign countries would even stop releasing data, which greatly affected the progress of forecasting work. Once the data is autonomous, its use will be unrestricted and any data you need can be obtained. Third, the monitoring data is highly accurate. The time resolution reaches 2 seconds, which is 8 times finer than the data published abroad. The data obtained is comparable to similar data from the Space Weather Forecast Center in the United States.
“While providing space environment monitoring data, the biggest use of Fengyun-3A is to provide atmospheric parameters and surface conditions, providing strong support for short-term nowcasting predictions of ground weather.” National Satellite Zhu Xiaoxiang, Director of the Remote Sensing Application Office of the Meteorological Center, introduced that during the "Shenzhou 7" meteorological support service, the Fengyun-3A satellite, which was equipped with 11 internationally advanced instruments and 90 detection channels, had a high spatial resolution of 250 meters. It monitors the ground weather at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base day and night. It scans the world twice a day, with a scan width of 2,900 kilometers each time. The Fengyun-3A satellite carries an atmospheric infrared vertical detector, which can form a three-dimensional detection range of more than 30 kilometers above the ground. In addition, the use of half-hourly observation data from my country's Fengyun-2 geostationary meteorological satellite and foreign meteorological satellite observation data, combined with numerical forecasts and conventional encrypted observation data, will greatly enhance the refinement and accuracy of the "Shenzhou 7" weather forecast.
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The impact of surface weather on "Shenzhou VII" "The launch has no adverse effects
China Meteorological News reporter Miao Yanli reported that on September 24, the reporter learned from the Central Meteorological Observatory that during the launch window of the "Shenzhou 7" spacecraft, the ground weather had no adverse effects on the launch of the spacecraft.
According to Qiao Lin, chief forecaster of the Central Meteorological Observatory, it is expected that on September 25, during the launch window of the "Shenzhou 7" spacecraft, the ground wind speed will be 5 to 7 meters/second, the wind direction will be southeasterly, and the wind at high altitude will The maximum wind speed is 50~55 meters/second, the wind direction is west-southwest, and the wind conditions meet the launch requirements; the sky is cloudy, there may be no precipitation, and there is no thunder and lightning; the temperature is above 10 degrees Celsius; the visibility is about 25 kilometers. No dusty weather. Such weather will not adversely affect the launch of the spacecraft.
It is reported that the Central Meteorological Observatory will also promptly revise and issue the latest forecasts on a rolling basis based on weather evolution.
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Space weather is conducive to "Shenzhou" "Shenzhou 7" launch
China Meteorological News reporter Wang Suqin reported that the "Space Weather Bulletin - "Shenzhou 7" Space Weather Service" issued by the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center of the China Meteorological Administration recently said that "Shenzhou During the launch of the "No. 7" manned spacecraft, the space weather conditions were good and no severe space weather events would occur. The space weather conditions had no adverse impact on the launch and on-orbit operation of the spacecraft. It is recommended that astronauts conduct extravehicular activities to avoid the South Atlantic anomaly area where space particle radiation is strong.
It is reported that the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center began to provide uninterrupted space weather monitoring and warning services one month before the launch of "Shenzhou 7". After "Shenzhou 7" enters orbit, the center will also provide advice on the timing of the astronauts' exit, and also provide services such as spacecraft orbit decay prediction and spacecraft measurement and control error estimation to ensure the successful completion of the "Shenzhou 7" mission. .
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Three aspects of data support the "God "Seven" space weather support
China Meteorological News reporter Wang Suqin reported that a few days ago, the reporter learned from the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center that the center provided space weather support for the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft during its mission. The service will be based on three aspects of data: first, monitoring data from the Fengyun series of meteorological satellites, second, independent ground-based detection data of the China Meteorological Administration, and third, domestic and foreign monitoring data provided on the Internet.
It is reported that monitoring data is the basis for developing space weather support services. The space particle composition monitor carried on the Fengyun-1D star will monitor protons, electrons, heavy ions, etc., and the solar X-ray detectors and space particle detectors carried on the Fengyun-2 C and D stars will monitor solar X-rays. Rays, protons, electrons, helium ions, lithium ions, etc., the high-energy ion detectors, high-energy electron detectors, radiation dosimeters, potential detectors, and single particle detectors carried by Fengyun-3A star will detect protons, heavy ions, electrons, etc. etc. for real-time monitoring.
The digital altimeter owned by the Xiamen Ionospheric Altimeter Station and the ionospheric scintillation monitor owned by the Guangzhou Ionospheric Scintillation Monitoring Station will detect the ionospheric conditions. At the same time, multiple GPS stations of the China Meteorological Administration distributed across the country will provide services for the navigation status, measurement and control, and short-wave communication of the "Shenzhou 7".
In addition, space weather assurance services also require the support of a large amount of satellite and ground observation data. Therefore, domestic and foreign monitoring data from the Internet are also indispensable for space weather assurance services.
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The influence of four major space weather factors "Shenzhou 7"
China Meteorological News reporter Wang Suqin reported that the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft is about to be launched. After the spacecraft takes off, it will carry out major activities such as astronauts' evacuation and the release of accompanying satellites. . During this period, both the spacecraft and astronauts will face the test of space weather. According to experts from the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center, spacecraft launch, spacecraft in-orbit operation, astronaut exit and spacecraft return will be mainly affected by space radiation, upper atmosphere, ionization, etc. The impact of four major space weather factors, including layers and space debris.
The particularity of the "Shenzhou 7" mission determines that the radiation environment is still an important space weather factor for astronaut safety. Because astronauts will be walking outside the vehicle for the first time, it will be very dangerous if the astronauts encounter a solar proton event during extravehicular work. Therefore, the "Shenzhou 7" space weather service will mainly prevent the impact of high-energy protons on the human body.
"Shenzhou 7" will operate in a low-altitude orbit 340 kilometers above the ground. Due to the high density of the atmosphere there, the resistance to the spacecraft is greater, and the maintenance of the spacecraft's orbital altitude will be significant. Depends on the state of the upper atmosphere; in addition, since the "Shenzhou 7" orbit module will continue to operate in orbit for a long time, the highly corrosive oxygen atoms in the upper atmosphere will cause damage to the surface materials of the spacecraft.
The impact of the ionosphere on "Shenzhou 7" mainly includes the following two types: First, the impact on satellite navigation, positioning and measurement and control. Among them, ionospheric scintillation will affect the navigation and positioning of satellites. Strong scintillation can even It will cause the signal to lose lock; the second is the impact on shortwave communication. Shortwave signals will be reflected by the ionosphere. When the frequency used in shortwave communication exceeds the frequency allowed by the ionosphere at that time, the signal will pass through the ionosphere and shoot into outer space. No signal will be received on the ground.
Space debris refers to the waste left in space during human space activities. Impacts from space debris pose a serious threat to the reliability and safety of spacecraft operations. Collisions between space debris and spacecraft will bring many hazards to the aerospace system. In many cases, these hazards are fatal. . The direct impact of space debris on aerospace activities is mainly directed at spacecraft. Space debris of various sizes can cause various types of damage to different parts of the spacecraft. The cumulative effect of tiny debris will change the performance of sensitive components; the plasma generated by the impact will damage the spacecraft power supply system; the impact of larger space debris on the spacecraft will cause perforations, container explosions, ruptures, and even structural disintegration.
Faced with the impact of the four major space weather, the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center will forecast and warn of possible space weather changes, and provide suggestions for avoidance and prevention work to ensure the safety of spacecraft and astronauts. Safety.
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"Shenzhou 7" weather Ensure full launch
China Meteorological News reporter Wang Suqin and Wang Demin reported that the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft will be launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base at the end of September. On September 12, the China Meteorological Administration organized a video and telephone conference on meteorological support services for the "Shenzhou 7" manned space mission, which marked the official launch of the meteorological services for the "Shenzhou 7" manned space mission.
Currently, the Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau has established a "Shenzhou 7" meteorological support service leading group, made various preparations, and completed the "Shenzhou 7" launch meteorology based on regional numerical model products. Service product library, cooperated with Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to complete the research and development of weather system similarity forecast in key areas of the "Shenzhou 7" launch, and established the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base MOS interpretation objective forecast system and common disastrous weather short-term nowcasting system. At that time, the on-site service support team, headed by Tao Jianhong, director of the Lanzhou Regional Central Meteorological Observatory, and composed of Yang Jiancai, chief forecaster of the Lanzhou Regional Central Meteorological Observatory, and Xu Dianxiang, chief forecaster of the Jiuquan Meteorological Bureau, will go to the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base to participate in on-site meteorological support services. Produce refined forecasts for key support links such as vertical transfer, liquid filling, and launch windows. At the same time, in order to ensure the meteorological support of the "Shenzhou 7" alternate landing area, the Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau will also dispatch a mobile meteorological station to the alternate landing site as appropriate to collect observation data in real time and provide the command department with timely information at all times in the alternate landing area. Latest live conditions and forecasts.
The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Meteorological Bureau has also established a "Shenzhou 7" meteorological support service leading group and a technical expert group and emergency support group composed of experts in weather forecasting, short-term climate prediction, and satellite remote sensing; it has formulated a service The implementation plan provides detailed provisions on organizational management, service management, operating mechanisms, service products, etc. At the same time, the density of meteorological observations was increased and two meteorological experts were dispatched to the main landing area for emergency support.
The space weather support provided by the National Satellite Meteorological Center (National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center) will run through all stages of "Shenzhou 7" launch, on-orbit operation, astronaut exit and spacecraft return. During the period, the center will provide decision-making service materials for major space weather events to the Party Central Committee, the State Council and relevant decision-making departments, mainly involving radiation environment and radiation dose to astronauts, orbital decay, upper atmosphere, ionospheric environment, space debris environment, etc. forecast. Recently, the center has completed the technical plan for space weather services and issued the first issue of "Space Weather Bulletin - Shenzhou 7 Space Weather Services" on August 27. At the same time, satellite cloud images and remote sensing analysis products during the flight mission will be provided in a timely manner.
In addition, the National Meteorological Center, the National Meteorological Information Center, the Meteorological Detection Center, the National Meteorological Service Center, the China Meteorological News Agency, the Office of the China Meteorological Administration, the Forecasting and Disaster Mitigation Department, and the Monitoring Network Department have also done The weather service support preparation and publicity work for "Shenzhou 7" has been completed.
The China Meteorological Administration has put forward four requirements for this meteorological support service:
First, meteorological departments at all levels must attach great importance to and prepare carefully, and fully understand the "Shenzhou 7" meteorological In view of the importance of service, we will further improve the service plan, strengthen organizational leadership, strengthen duty, and formulate emergency plans to ensure the normal operation of various business systems during the execution of the "Shenzhou 7" mission.
The second is to closely monitor weather changes, do a good job in forecasting and forecasting, without any negligence or laxity, and strengthen rolling monitoring; at the same time, we must strengthen space weather forecasting and forecasting services and fully demonstrate the role of meteorological departments in space weather monitoring. Improvement of early warning capabilities.
The third is to strengthen communication and linkage to provide high-quality meteorological services. It is necessary to further understand the needs, proactively and timely provide targeted services, and provide decision-making services, and at the same time strengthen meteorological service publicity.
The fourth is to summarize service experience and establish a long-term military-civilian cooperation mechanism.
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"Shenzhou VII" launch site Meteorological support started
China Meteorological News reporter Wang Demin reported that in the golden autumn of September, the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft is ready to go. Recently, the Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau held a special meeting to comprehensively arrange and deploy the meteorological support mission for the launch of the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft. The on-site service support team, headed by Tao Jianhong, director of the Lanzhou Regional Center Meteorological Observatory, and composed of two chief forecasters Yang Jiancai and Xu Dianxiang, will go to the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to participate in on-site meteorological support services for the launch of the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft. This is the second time that the Gansu Provincial Meteorological Department has provided meteorological support services for the "Shenzhou" series of spacecraft launches, escorting the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft.
In order to ensure the complete success of the meteorological support work for the launch of "Shenzhou 7", the Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau is ready and has made various preparations. The Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau has completed the "Shenzhou 7" launch meteorological service product library based on regional numerical model products, cooperated with the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base to complete the development of similar forecasts for the weather system in the key areas of the "Shenzhou 7" launch, and built the Jiuquan Satellite The launch base MOS interprets the objective forecast system and the common disastrous weather short-term forecast system.
It is reported that in order to ensure the meteorological support of the "Shenzhou 7" manned spacecraft's alternate landing area, the Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau will also dispatch a mobile weather station to the alternate landing site as necessary to collect observation data in real time and provide timely Provide the command department with the latest live conditions and forecasts at all times in the alternate landing area.
It is understood that at the end of 2004, the Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau and the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center jointly established the Gansu Aerospace Meteorological Center, the first in the country, and built an aerospace meteorological support base in Jiuquan. In July this year, meteorological experts from the Lanzhou Regional Central Meteorological Observatory and the Jiuquan Meteorological Bureau went to the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Base to conduct business and academic exchanges on the meteorological service guarantee for the launch of the "Shenzhou 7".
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"Shenzhou VII" space weather The support service software passed the review
China Meteorological News reporter Wang Suqin reported that on September 12, the Business Office of the National Space Weather Monitoring and Early Warning Center held a review meeting and passed the review of the space weather support service software for the Shenzhou 7 manned space mission. Related Reviews.
It is reported that the software includes five modules: data acquisition and processing, radiation environment prediction, upper atmosphere effect prediction, ionospheric environment demonstration, and space debris environment prediction. It will be based on independent observation data (including Fengyun-3 A real-time service product display system is established to monitor the radiation dose, orbital decay, and ionization of the spacecraft's orbit in the form of graphics and text. Provide warnings for space weather effects that may affect the mission of the "Shenzhou 7" spacecraft, such as orbit measurement corrections and space debris distribution, to achieve the space weather support service function for the spacecraft.
On the same day, "Fengyun-301 Space Weather Assurance Service Software" and "Fengyun Series Satellite Space Environment Monitoring Data Processing System" also passed the review, and they will also be used in the "Shenzhou-7" space weather assurance play a role.