What's the difference between Vietnam and Tomb-Sweeping Day in China?
First, the legacy of Shangsi Festival in Tomb-Sweeping Day, Vietnam.
In Tomb-Sweeping Day and Viet Nam, the time is set on the third day of the third lunar month. This day was originally the time of Shangsi Festival in ancient China.
China's Tomb-Sweeping Day was formed in the Tang Dynasty, combining the Shangsi Festival in the Spring and Autumn Period with the Cold Food Festival and Tomb-Sweeping Day, which were formed at the same time. Among them, the familiar cold food comes from the ancient custom of changing fire or the legend of meson pushing. But what Shangsi Festival is, many people still don't know.
In China, after the integration of the three festivals, China people attach the most importance to grave-sweeping and outing, and exclude the link of love between men and women from the festivals. In Vietnam, the entertainment activities of singing duets between men and women have been preserved, but in some places, the grave-sweeping session has been cancelled.
In southern Vietnam, due to the different degree of sinicization and local customs, grave sweeping is changed to Spring Festival. In northern Viet Nam, Tomb-Sweeping Day basically sweeps graves near China, but there are many taboos: pregnant women don't sweep graves, clothes can't be bright when sweeping, etc.
Second, Vietnamese Tomb-Sweeping Day eats glutinous rice balls.
In China, jiaozi is eaten during the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival, but Vietnamese eat jiaozi in Tomb-Sweeping Day.
It is said that this is because the third month of the lunar calendar is the rice harvest festival in Vietnam, so the Vietnamese want to try the new jiaozi. Another way of saying it is related to meson push.
In the legend of Vietnamese meson tui, meson tui was the minister of Zhong Er. When Zhong Er was in trouble, cutting meat and feeding saved his life. When he became a monarch, Zhong Er wanted to repay him, so he asked him to be an official. However, Jiexiu, a noble man, refused to eat Lu and accept the reward, hiding in the mountains behind his mother. Zhong Er released Yamakaji, and meson pushed her mother to hold her on the willow tree and turned it into coke.
At the end of this story, Zhong Er ordered the whole country not to cook with a fire for three consecutive days from his Memorial Day to commemorate his death. So, everyone eats cold jiaozi.
Jiaozi eaten by Vietnamese is also quite distinctive. They like to make jiaozi directly with rock sugar or jiaozi with mung bean stuffing, and then mix it with sugar water to eat. Later, they got into the habit of frying jiaozi. Besides eating glutinous rice balls, Vietnamese also eat black glutinous rice on this day.
The Dai and Nong ethnic groups in Viet Nam have similar living habits with the Zhuang ethnic group in China. When they worship their ancestors in Tomb-Sweeping Day, they will also sweep graves, burn incense, offer flowers, light candles, burn white coins and offer assorted meals.
Zhuang people are more standardized on this point, while Vietnamese people are simple and do not necessarily have five colors.
In addition, when North Vietnamese people sweep graves, they will also offer roast suckling pigs, whole chickens and wormwood cakes in front of their ancestors' graves.
Third, the legend of Tomb-Sweeping Day.
1, the legend of the dragon fairy
There are many theories about the origin of Tomb-Sweeping Day in Viet Nam. In addition to the legend of meson push shared by China and Vietnam, they also have their own legends of Long Xian and Er Zhengniang.
The legend of the dragon fairy is also called the legend of the dragon and Ogilvy. According to legend, Kuailong is the son of King Jingyang and Princess Dongting in the Red Ghost Country. When he grew up, he ruled the whole Kuai Yue area and married a woman named Ouji as the queen. Queen Ogi laid 100 eggs and hatched thousands of people in Qian Qian.
In ancient Vietnam, they liked to tattoo dragon-shaped totems on themselves. They also celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival. They also row dragon boats. Until modern times, many people have to wait until the Year of the Loong to get married and have children? Dragon? ..... How? However, I wonder if their legendary King Jingyang and King Dongting have anything to do with King Jinghe and King Dongting in The Journey to the West, China?
2. Legend of Erzhengniang
In addition to this legend, there is a Vietnamese legend about Tomb-Sweeping Day, called Erzheng Niang Legend. In ancient times (the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China), two female national heroes appeared in Viet Nam, one named Zheng Bian and the other named Zheng Er. In order to resist oppression, they stood on their own feet as the king (the first queen of Vietnam). The two men went to war on the sixth day of March in eight years. Before going out, an aunt invited them to eat glutinous rice balls.