Awati County detailed information

"Awati" is a Uyghur transliteration, meaning "prosperity". The area around Awati County used to be called "Duolang" and was the hometown of the "Duolang people" (ancient Uyghur tribe). Later, a large number of farmers moved here, the population increased sharply, the cultivated land became more extensive, and the appearance changed day by day, so it was renamed Awati.

Awati County belongs to Aksu Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It is an important grain, cotton and fruit base in the region. It has an area of ​​13,259 square kilometers, 5 townships, 3 towns, 3 agricultural, animal husbandry and forestry farms, and 118 There are 7 villages, 7 neighborhood committees, 34 companies and more than 80 animal husbandry sites. There are also some regiment farms of the 1st Agricultural Division of the Corps within the territory. In 2012, the county had a population of 245,800, including 22 ethnic groups including Uyghur, Han, Hui, Kazakh, Kirgiz, Uzbek, Mongolian, Xibe, Russian, and Manchu.

Awati County is located in the central and western part of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the southwest of Aksu Prefecture, the northwest edge of the Tarim Basin, and the southern foot of the Tianshan Mountains. It is located at 39°31'~40°50' north latitude and 79°45' east longitude. ~81°05'. It borders Aksu City to the east and north, Keping County to the west, Bachu County to the southwest, and deep into the Taklimakan Desert to the south, bordering Luopu and Moyu counties. The maximum width from east to west is 100 kilometers, and the maximum width from north to south is 150 kilometers, with a total area of ​​13,259 square kilometers.

In 2013, Awati County's GDP reached 3.33 billion yuan, an increase of 15.3% over 2011. The ratio of the three industrial structures is 41.8:16.1:42.1. The per capita GDP was 14,523 yuan, an increase of 22.8% over 2011.

Awati County is the national high-quality cotton production base, the famous China Cotton City, the hometown of Chinese long-staple cotton, the hometown of Chinese Musalais and the hometown of Duolang Culture.

Basic introduction Chinese name: Awat County Foreign name: Awat Alias: Awat Administrative Region Category: County Region: Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Aksu Prefecture Areas under the jurisdiction: Ayibage Township, Tamutuo Gerak Township, Yingairike Township, etc.*** Residency: Awati Town Telephone area code: 0997 Postal area code: 843200 Geographical location: Central and western Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northwest of the Tarim Basin, and southern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains Area: 13,259 square kilometers Population: 245,800 (2012) Climate conditions: Warm temperate continental arid climate Famous attractions: Duolang Tribe Scenic Area, etc. License plate code: New N Historical evolution, administrative divisions, geographical environment, location and realm, topography, climate, hydrology, Natural resources, plant resources, animal resources, population and ethnic groups, population, ethnic groups, economic overview, review, primary industry, secondary industry, tertiary industry, social undertakings, scientific undertakings, educational undertakings, cultural and sports undertakings, health undertakings, social security undertakings , transportation, culture and folk customs, tourism, historical evolution During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the oasis in the northern part of the county was the edge of Gumo and Wensu in the Western Regions. Awati County The Western Han Dynasty established the Western Region Protectorate in the Western Regions, and the county was its territory. In the Tang Dynasty, it belonged to the Anxi Protectorate. The Southern Song Dynasty belonged to the Western Liao Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, it was important to avoid losing eight miles to the west. In the ninth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1514), Said Khan established the local political power of the Yarkand Khanate, and the county was under his jurisdiction. In the 13th year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1748), the Junggar tribe annexed southern Xinjiang, and the oasis in the northern part of the county became the territory of the Junggar tribe. In the 23rd year of Qianlong's reign (1758), after the local leaders of Aksu submitted their submission to the Qing army, the county came under the jurisdiction of the Aksu Minister of Affairs and the Shangshu stationed in Aksu City appointed by the Qing Dynasty. In the forty-seventh year of Qianlong's reign (1782), the Qing government assigned ministers to govern Aksu, with the county under its jurisdiction. In the third year of Tongzhi (1864), Agub led the invading army to occupy Aksu and established the reactionary colonial regime of "Zhedeshar" (meaning seven city states), with the county as its vassal. In the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), the county was part of Wensu Zhili Prefecture and was under the jurisdiction of Aksu Road. In the twenty-eighth year of Guangxu's reign (1902), the inhabited places in the oasis in the northern part of the county were Awati Village, Baish Erike Village, Yima Pasha Village, Yujimaizhuang and Ying Airike Village in Wensu Prefecture. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Wensu Prefecture was changed to Aksu County, and Awati was most of the third, fourth, and fifth districts under the jurisdiction of Aksu County. In the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), Aksu County was established as a sub-county of Awati, and the county magistrate governed three districts. In the 19th year of the Republic of China (1930), Awati sub-county was changed into a county and designated as a third-class county, under the jurisdiction of the Aksu Regional Administrative Office. In the 33rd year of the Republic of China (1944), it was designated as a second-class county. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Awati County came under the jurisdiction of the Aksu Prefecture Commissioner's Office. In 1958, Aksu County's Beish Erike Commune and Ying Erike Commune were included in Awati County. In 1971, Awati County came under the jurisdiction of the Aksu Regional Administrative Office. Administrative divisions in 2011, Awati County has jurisdiction over 5 townships and 3 towns, namely Ayibage Township, Tamutogelak Township, Yingerike Township, Duolang Township, Bagtogelak Township, and Awati Town , Beşırık Town, and Ulu-Col Town.

Geographical environment Location and realm Awati County is located in the central and western part of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the northwest of the Tarim Basin, and the southern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains. It is located between 39°31′~40°50′ north latitude and 79°45′~81°05′ east longitude. It borders Aksu City in the northeast, Keping County in the west, Bachu County in the southwest, and deep into the Taklimakan Desert in the south, bordering Luopu and Moyu counties. The maximum width from east to west is 100 kilometers, and the maximum width from north to south is 150 kilometers, with a total area of ​​13,259 square kilometers. Awati County Map Topography and Landforms Awati County consists of three major landform types: alluvial fan, alluvial plain and desert. The northern part is the Aksu River alluvial fan plain, covering an area of ​​about 189,000 hectares, with an altitude of 1028-1064m. It is flat and wide, and the terrain slopes from northwest to southeast, with a slope of <2°. The surface is composed of fine soil material and the soil layer is deep; the alluvial plain is formed by the Aksu River. It consists of the valley plains of Yarkand River, Kashgar River and Hotan River, covering an area of ​​about 278,000 hectares, with an altitude of 1020-1050m. The terrain is flat with a slope of <1°. Floodplains, river flats and river meanders are extremely developed, and there are many ancient river channels on them. , forming numerous north-south lakes and inter-river depressions, as well as several north-south beam-shaped highlands and river bays; in the south is the Taklimakan Desert, covering an area of ​​approximately 859,000 hectares, with an altitude of 1040-1060m, and is composed of semi-fixed grasslands. It consists of irrigation dunes and flowing crescent-shaped dunes and dune chains, compound dunes and dune chains, sand ridges and compound sand ridges, pyramid dunes, dome-shaped dunes, and fish-scale dunes. Climate Awati County has a warm temperate continental arid climate. The basic characteristics are drought and little rain, high evaporation, drastic changes in cold and heat, hot summers, cold winters, rapid warming and cooling in spring and autumn, large annual and diurnal temperature ranges, long sunshine hours, sufficient heat, and sparse annual precipitation. The distribution is uneven, and agricultural production depends entirely on surface water irrigation. The multi-year average temperature in Awati County is 10.4℃, the average temperature in the hottest month (July) is 24.2℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 39.4℃, the average temperature in the coldest month (January) is -8.3℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is -25℃; multi-year average The precipitation is 46.7mm, the average annual evaporation is 1890.7mm, the frost-free period is 211 days, and the average annual sunshine is 2679 hours; the annual temperature range is 34°C, and the annual average daily range is 15°C. The average wind speed in Awati County is 3m/s, the annual average number of windy days is 15 days, and the average annual number of dusty days is 52 days. Spring (March to May) heats up quickly and unsteadily, alternating between cold and warm frequently, is dry and windy; summer (June to August) is hot, with dry and hot winds, long sunshine hours, concentrated precipitation, and hazards from hail; autumn (September to August) November) the climate is cool, the temperature drops rapidly, and frost occurs; winter (December to February of the following year) is cold and long, with an average temperature of -8.3°C. Hydrology: There are Aksu River, Kashgar River, Yarkand River, and Hotan River in Avati. The rivers merge into the Tarim River and flow eastward, forming many lakes and swamps. The largest lake in the territory is Aisiman Lake, with an area of ​​13.3 square kilometers. . The groundwater reserves in the oasis in the county are about 703 million cubic meters. The groundwater level is high and the depth of the groundwater is within 3 meters, making it easy to exploit. Natural resources Plant resources In 2012, Awati County had Populus euphratica, licorice, apocynum, big rue, tamarisk, reed, cocklebur, plantain, small deer grass, salt ear wood, splendens, camel thorn, white thorn, bell Thorns, horse grass, burdock, sophora, cattail grass, three-edge grass and other species are founding species. Animal Resources In 2012, there were a variety of wild terrestrial vertebrates in Awati County, such as red deer, goose-throated gazelle (yellow sheep), fox, hare, wild boar, hedgehog, muskrat, snake, lizard, gecko, gecko, chinchilla, etc. ; There are also vultures, white storks, swans, bustards, pheasants, wild geese, wild ducks, jade-belted sea eagles, gray cranes, egrets, etc. Population and Ethnicity Population At the end of 2012, the total population of Awati County was 245,800, including 55,300 non-agricultural population and 190,500 agricultural population. The natural growth rate is 4.16‰. The male population is 125,200 and the female population is 120,600, with a gender ratio of 1.04:1. The number of births was 3,931, with a birth rate of 15.77‰; the number of deaths was 2,895, with a mortality rate of 11.16‰. Ethnicity Awati County is dominated by Uyghurs, as well as Han, Hui, Tibetan, Tujia, Dongxiang, Mongolian, Manchu, Miao, Baoquan, Kirgiz, Tu, Zhuang, Uzbek, Kazakh, Yi, There are 23 ethnic groups including Li, Salar, Russian, Korean, Yao, Lisu, Wa, Tatar and Xibe. Economic Overview Overview In 2013, Awati County's GDP reached 3.33 billion yuan, an increase of 15.3% over 2011 (calculated based on 2010 comparable prices, the same below). Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1,394.01 million yuan, an increase of 9.9% over 2011; the added value of the secondary industry was 535.08 million yuan, an increase of 14.5% over 2011, of which industry completed 248.15 million yuan, an increase of 8.9% over 2011, and construction The value added of the tertiary industry was 286.93 million yuan, an increase of 18.4% over 2011; the added value of the tertiary industry was 1.40196 million yuan, an increase of 21.9% over 2011. The ratio of the three industrial structures is 41.8:16.1:42.1. The per capita GDP was 14,523 yuan, an increase of 22.8% over 2011.

Primary Industry Agriculture In 2013, the total sown area of ​​crops in Awati County was 1.5127 million acres, a year-on-year increase of 1.7%. Among them, the sown area of ​​grain was 271,000 mu, a decrease of 22,100 mu, or 7.5%; the sown area of ​​cotton was 1.177 million mu, an increase of 27,000 mu, or an increase of 2.3% over 2011, of which: the sown area of ​​long-staple cotton was 515,700 mu, and the sown area of ​​fine staple cotton was 515,700 mu. The cotton sown area is 661,300 acres; the wheat sown area is 150,000 acres, a decrease of 13,100 acres, a decrease of 8% compared with 2011; the corn sown area is 121,000 acres, a decrease of 9,000 acres, a decrease of 6.9% compared with 2011; the melon sown area is 31,300 acres, an increase of 9,700 acres, an increase of 44.9% over 2011; vegetable sown area is 32,200 acres, an increase of 16,100 acres, an increase of 100% over 2011. In 2013, the grain and food output was 122,195 tons, a decrease of 6.8%; wheat output was 67,695 tons; corn output was 54,500 tons; melon output was 51,960 tons; vegetable sowing output was 43,470 tons; cotton output was 129,930 tons (lint), of which long-staple cotton, fine cotton The average yields of velvet cotton are 89 kg and 126.9 kg respectively. Animal Husbandry In 2013, 316,800 livestock were slaughtered in Awati County, an increase of 5.1%. Among them, 282,800 sheep were slaughtered, an increase of 2.6%; and 14,300 cattle were slaughtered, an increase of 7.5%. The number of livestock on hand was 394,900, an increase of 5.6%. Among them, the number of sheep was 357,500, an increase of 5.8%; the number of cattle was 27,800, an increase of 5.7%. The total meat output was 13,430 tons, an increase of 13.8%, of which mutton output was 4,932 tons, a decrease of 0.1%; beef output was 2,386 tons, an increase of 28.3%. Milk output was 7,279 tons, an increase of 20.9%; poultry egg output was 2,473 tons, an increase of 21.9%. The output of aquatic products is 130 tons. Secondary Industry Industry In 2012, the industrial added value of Awati County was 248.15 million yuan, an increase of 8.9% compared with 2011 (calculated at comparable prices, the same below), and a decrease of 15.3 percentage points compared with 2011. In terms of light and heavy industries, the added value of light industry was 193.51 million yuan, an increase of 26.7% over 2011; the added value of heavy industry was 54.64 million yuan, an increase of 34.1% over 2011. The industrial sales output value was 612.32 million yuan, and the production and sales rate reached 100%. In 2012, the total output value of industrial enterprises above designated size in Awati County was 351.126 million yuan, an increase of 5.3% over 2011; the added value was 96.83 million yuan, an increase of 33.1% over 2011. The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size accounted for 39% of the county's industry. The main business income of industrial enterprises above designated size was 224.578 million yuan, a decrease of 23.9% compared with 2011; the profit after profit and loss was 6.318 million yuan. Among them, the cotton textile industry made a profit of 2.241 million yuan, the wheat processing lost 513,000 yuan, the power industry lost 564,000 yuan, and the red date processing realized a profit of 5.154 million yuan. Industrial enterprises above designated size should pay 9.334 million yuan in value-added tax, and the production and sales rate of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 102.6%. Construction Industry In 2013, the total output value of the construction industry in Awati County was 824.83 million yuan, an increase of 77.5% over 2011. The total number of contracts signed by construction industry enterprises was 870.98 million yuan, an increase of 40.5% over 2011. The housing construction area was 523.19 million square meters. meters, an increase of 55.56 million square meters; the output value of completed housing was 414.43 million yuan, a decrease of 2.8% compared with 2011. Tertiary Industry Domestic Trade In 2012, the total retail sales of consumer goods in Awati County was 346.534 million yuan, an increase of 15.1% over 2011. In terms of regions, the retail sales of consumer goods in urban areas was 254.348 million yuan, an increase of 16.7% over 2011; the retail sales of consumer goods in rural areas was 92.186 million yuan, an increase of 1.8% over 2011. In terms of industries, the wholesale and retail sales were 254.925 million yuan, an increase of 12.1% over 2011; the catering retail sales were 91.609 million yuan, an increase of 24.3% over 2011. In 2012, among the wholesale and retail industries above designated size in Awati County, the retail sales of mechanical and electrical products and equipment were 29.367 million yuan, an increase of 6.7% compared with 2011; the retail sales of petroleum and products were 7.599 million yuan, a decrease of 31.8% compared with 2011. . Tourism In 2012, Awati County had 2 star-rated hotels with 145 guest rooms and 1 A-level scenic spot. It received 222,700 domestic tourists, an increase of 9.7% over 2011, and the total tourism revenue was 54 million yuan, an increase of 16.4%. Social undertakings and scientific undertakings. In 2012, various industries in Awati County applied for 62 science and technology development projects, 1 national science and technology project was approved, 5 autonomous region science and technology projects were approved, 2 regional science and technology projects were approved, and 27 county science and technology projects were approved. Projects are listed as implementation science and technology projects. The county had 12 patent applications throughout the year, including 7 patent authorizations throughout the year.

Education In 2012, there was 1 vocational high school in Awati County, with 1,632 students; 11 ordinary middle schools in the county, with 12,778 students, including: 1,593 high school students, 11,185 junior high school students; 68 elementary schools, with 12,778 students in the county. There are 22,427 students in the school; there are 52 kindergartens in the county, with 219 classes, 219 "bilingual" classes, and 8,437 children. The enrollment rate of school-age children throughout the year is 93%. Cultural and sports undertakings: In 2012, Awati County had 1 cultural and artistic institution of various types, 1 radio and television station, and 8 township radio stations. The radio population coverage rate and the comprehensive television population coverage rate reached 98% and 95% respectively. The "big speaker" coverage rate is 95%, the sound rate is 98%, 3,452 sets of live broadcast satellite receiving equipment have been distributed, more than 5,000 cable TV users have been installed, 1,476 movies have been screened, and 87 "100-day square culture" events have been held throughout the year ( times), and 420 rural 100-day cultural and sports activities. The public library has a total book collection of 56,000 volumes. In 2012, Awati County won 29 gold medals, 32 silver medals, and 17 bronze medals in regional youth competitions; it has successively established the "Awati County Daolang Peasant Painters Association" and the "Xinjiang Daolang Peasant Painting Academy", which were held in the autonomous region held the launch ceremony of "Peasant Paintings on the Great Changes in Xinjiang", and the album became the only publication in Xinjiang selected as a "gift to the 18th National Congress". Health Services: At the end of 2012, there were 23 health institutions in Awati County, including 2 county-level hospitals, 10 health centers, 8 epidemic prevention stations, 1 Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 health supervision office, and health care stations. 1, with 521 health technicians, 245 doctors, and 48 health and epidemic prevention personnel. The number of beds in hospitals and health centers is 625. The proportion of maternal hospitalization in the county reaches 98.9%, the infant mortality rate is 13.6‰, and the mortality rate of children under 5 years old is 18.5‰. There were 1,290 cases of legally reportable infectious diseases in Classes A, B, and C throughout the year (excluding tuberculosis cases), and 5 deaths from infectious diseases; the incidence of reportable infectious diseases was 549.9/100,000, and the mortality rate was 2.1/100,000 (none of the above data including tuberculosis cases). Social Security At the end of 2012, the number of employees participating in the urban basic pension insurance in Awati County was 6,189, an increase of 414 from the end of the previous year. Among them, 1,818 are insured retirees. The number of people participating in the basic medical insurance for urban employees was 14,313, an increase of 101 people, and the number of people participating in the basic medical insurance for urban residents was 20,684, an increase of 103 people. The number of people participating in unemployment insurance was 7,485, an increase of 104 people. The number of employees participating in work-related injury insurance was 4,772, an increase of 249. The number of employees participating in maternity insurance was 7,497, an increase of 265. The number of people participating in rural social pension insurance was 37,956, a decrease of 484 from the end of the previous year. Transportation In Awati County, the county's road mileage in 2012 was 3,736.2 kilometers, of which 1,164.3 kilometers were graded roads, with a passenger volume of 4.254 million. The passenger turnover volume was 402.081 million ton-kilometers, an increase of 6.2% year-on-year in 2011; the cargo turnover volume was 48.767 million ton-kilometers, an increase of 0.9%. It is 58 kilometers away from National Highway 314, adjacent to the Southern Xinjiang Railway, 58 kilometers away from National Highway 314, 67 kilometers away from Aksu Railway Station and Airport, and 1,077 kilometers away from Urumqi City. Cultural Folklore Daolang Culture The Daolang people are a fusion of Mongolian and Uyghur ethnic groups, so the Daolang culture is a fusion of Mobei Turkic culture, Mongolian culture, and Tarim indigenous culture. The Daolang people have been hunting and nomadic in forests and grasslands for hundreds of years, leaving behind a unique culture of husbandry and hunting. They have also been farming for more than 200 years, thus leaving behind elements of farming culture. Daolang culture is a cultural form formed by the living environment and historical space of Daolang people. It is reflected in all aspects of life and is mainly famous for its original singing, dancing and entertainment activities. Daolang Culture Clothing Since the 1990s, most young men have grown their hair and fewer wear hats. Hair styles include back, parted, flat, etc. Most middle-aged and elderly men wear hats. They wear various flower hats in spring, summer and autumn, and the elderly wear fur hats in winter. Young women have long hair, mostly wavy, and some have dyed hair (brown). Some also wear gorgeous flower hats, which are beautiful, elegant and full of ethnic characteristics. Most middle-aged and elderly women wear headscarves, gauze scarves in summer and cotton scarves in winter. Women all wear earrings. The style of earrings is more traditional, gorgeous and small. Diet: Wheat noodles and rice are the staple foods. High-end machine-ground noodles and polished rice have replaced the old stone-ground noodles and brown rice. The main meals include naan, ramen, soup noodles, wontons, and pilaf, followed by grilled buns, steamed buns, pancakes, steamed buns, grilled mutton skewers, etc. The main ones are mutton and beef, followed by chicken and fish. Residence: In rural areas, families live in dispersed households, with each household having an orchard courtyard. Some urban residents still live in exclusive small courtyards, where they plant flowers and trees, and some have moved into modern buildings, most of which have three bedrooms and one living room, with kitchens, bathrooms and plumbing facilities. Yuman Tourist Scenic Spot: 18 kilometers northwest of the county and 60 kilometers away from Aksu. There are shuttle buses to the scenic spot every day. The scenic spot is adjacent to Aisiman Lake to the west, Aksu River to the east, Awati County to the south, and is surrounded by oases. , where there are dense forests of poplar euphratica, tamarisk, reeds and other wild vegetation, with groups of wild animals in the forest, and a big river flowing through it.

Taklimakan Desert: Located in the vast area south of Bostan Ranch, Uruchole Town, Awati County, with the Taklimakan Desert as the main body, it covers an area of ​​8,526 square kilometers. It is 50 kilometers away from the county seat and has convenient transportation. Aisiman Lake: Located in the Shiba Village of Ying'erike Township in the western suburbs of Awati County, it is the largest freshwater lake in the Aksu region, 20 kilometers away from the city. The scenic spot is dominated by Aisiman Lake, surrounded by desert landscapes composed of sand dunes, reeds, Populus euphratica forests, etc. The lake area is about 13.3 square kilometers, and the lake water depth is 2 to 5 meters. Sanchang Populus euphratica Forest Park: Located in the south of the county, covering an area of ​​1.1668 million acres. To the south is the Taklimakan Desert. Dense Populus euphratica forest and desert vegetation grow along the Yarkand River. The forest area has wild animal resources such as wild boars, wild deer, and yellow sheep. The Populus euphratica forest in the scenic area is lush and lush in spring and summer. Duolang Tribe Scenic Spot: This scenic spot is located in Awati County, Xinjiang, 18 kilometers away from the county seat and 50 kilometers away from Aksu City. It has convenient transportation. In 2008, it was rated as a national "AAA-level" tourist attraction. The scenic spot uses the original Populus euphratica forest as the background and the Duolang culture as the theme. By displaying the historical relics of the Duolang people and recreating the original life scenes of the Duolang people, it comprehensively displays the architecture, food, handicrafts and life of the Duolang people. The scenic area covers an area of ​​more than 8,000 acres and integrates Duolang singing and dancing, folk exhibition halls, folk sports, Duolang tribe, river fishing, water entertainment, beach swimming, adventure, hunting, ostrich viewing, ethnic catering, and self-service barbecue. .