Where are Yu_Shan Pavilion and Yunting Villa located?

Yushan Pavilion and Yunting Villa are national key cultural relics protection units.

Yushan Pavilion and Yunting Villa

In Chenjia Village, Aixi, one kilometer north of Fuhe, Jiaqiao Town, Jinxian County, Jiangxi Province, a culture of reading and book collecting was discovered manor. It is interesting to say that it is in Jiangxi, even Jiangnan, and China.

Aixi Chenjiacun has a history of 550 years. Since the establishment of the "Yimen Family" by Xiao Shuigong, the ancestor of the Chen family, in the sixth year of Emperor Yingzong's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1457), it has been based on hard work and hard study, resulting in a prosperous culture and numerous talents. In the 44th year of Jiajing reign, after villager Chen Dong was awarded Jinshi (Tanhua) with first or third place, the Chen family developed rapidly. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the whole village produced 10 Jinshi. Therefore, the economy and culture go hand in hand, and the tribesmen compete to build houses. The scholar's heart is vaguely buried in the struggle between economic prosperity and cultural prosperity after getting ahead and returning to his hometown in glory. There are 46 Ming and Qing buildings of nearly 10,000 square meters in the village, with as many as 23 plaques. The cultural interest of the late feudal society is very strong. Among them, the "Zhongxiandi Yunting Villa" in the East Manor and the "Yuwang Censhan Pavilion" in the West Manor are architectural art and cultural heritage left by the feudal officials in the late Qing Dynasty.

"Yushan Pavilion" and "Yunting Villa" were the feudal official manors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, "Yushan Pavilion" is the west manor. There are "Zhijing Room", "Baojian Lu", "Huandu Building", "Lianchun Pavilion", "Moyan Mountain House" and "Jiexin House" built in the garden. ", etc., and also built supporting leisure and entertainment venues such as "Hanchun Pool", "Osmanthus Forest", "Qiyi Gallery" and so on. "Yunting Villa" is the East Manor and is the earliest villa in my country. The door cover of "Yunting Villa" is very exquisitely carved. There are 72 figures in hollow reliefs on the upper and lower floors, 36 towers and pavilions, equipped with landscapes, flowers, plants, birds and animals, and the shapes are lifelike and lifelike, which is breathtaking and amazing. What is shown to people is the colorful history and folk customs of Jiangxi and the profoundness of the history and culture of the Chinese nation.

The Yuwang Censhan Pavilion covers an area of ​​4,356 square meters. It was carefully built in the first year of Guangxu (1875) in the Qing Dynasty by Chen Zhijiji, the magistrate of Jiangyou County, Sichuan Province and an official to the Hanlin Academy. Yuwang Censhan Pavilion faces south, which is not bad at all. The architectural layout is basically square. The mountain pavilion is surrounded by a 3.2-meter-high brick wall. Originally there were six doors around it. The main gate is in the shape of an "eight" pavilion. In front of the Cultural Revolution, there is a camphor wood horizontal plaque with the words "Yu Wang Cen Shan Pavilion" in Yangwen regular script. The door opens to the east of the south side of the courtyard wall. There is an existing side door with "Yu Wang Cen Shan Pavilion" in red. Shi Xiaobian. Yuwang Censhan Pavilion is divided into east and west parts. Entering through the gate of Yuwang Censhan Pavilion is the front courtyard, with more than 600 square meters paved with red stone. The middle part of the courtyard is lined with row houses from east to west. There are bluestone plaques inlaid above the gates of the two main buildings, saying "Yijing Room" and "Baojian Lu". The long and narrow house next to it in the west is called "Hua Du Lou". The "Yijing Room" and "Baojian Lu" have the same internal and external building structures and materials, and the same height is 7.2 meters (in line with the Jiangxi architectural custom of "the house is not separated from six"), which is two feet, one foot and six inches in total. Both houses have two entrances and two wells, with three rooms in a row. The inner side has two and a half herringbone wooden frame structures, with uniform straight cylindrical original fir columns. There are two wells in the house where four waters gather together. Rainwater flows from the four corners into the patio's underground ditches, and a pottery vat with remaining water is set up in the middle of the patio. The stone pillar foundations inside the house, the partition walls on both sides of the patio and the patio underground ditch are all carved with floral patterns. The two-room wood carvings can represent the level of carving art in Jiangxi in the late Qing Dynasty. The wood carvings are mainly around the two front and back patios and the eight front and four back lattice doors in the house. The carving techniques include relief, openwork and openwork, and the carving content includes landscapes, flowers and birds, and character stories. Such as "King Wen visits the wise", "Eight Immortals crossing the sea", "Wanli Marquis", "Kuanglu Feiquan", "Golden Rooster croaks the dawn", "Xiping Xiaodu" and so on. There are changes in the symmetry of the wood carving pattern, the knife skills are delicate, and the lines are smooth. The carving layout of the two houses is consistent but the content is different. The same thing is the bat sculptures on the window lattice on both sides of the patio. There are 180 bats in one house and 360 bats in the two houses, which means 0. 360 degrees is a concept of geographical orientation. Any building in the manor faces north and south, which is correct. It reflects the owner's idea of ​​paying attention to Feng Shui in the living environment when building a house. There were originally backyards, a large kitchen, miscellaneous rooms and other ancillary buildings behind the row houses of "Yijing Room", "Baojian Lu" and "Huandu Building". They were demolished shortly after liberation.

The front of the western half of the Yuwang Censhan Pavilion is also a red stone courtyard, which is slightly larger than the eastern half of the front courtyard, but it is now seriously damaged. The 418-square-meter "Moyanshan House" currently exists in the far west. The height of the exterior wall is the same as that of the eastern half of the townhouses. It originally had three courtyards and three patios, but the rear patio does not exist.

There are also various forms of wood carvings in the house, which are not as exciting as those in "Baojian Lu" and "Yijing Room". There is a plaque on the back half of the wall of "Moyan Mountain House" saying "Jiexin House", which is the house where the original owner took a bath. There is a pond with an area of ​​170 square meters and a depth of 1.7 meters to the east of "Moyan Mountain House". The pond is surrounded by stone and fenced. There is a stone plaque on the north side of the fence saying "Hanchun Pond". Osmanthus trees are widely planted on the east, north and south sides of the pond. Osmanthus flowers are fragrant in August, and fish swim happily in Hanchun Pond. This was maintained until the land reform in 1950. When the Japanese invaded China, the Japanese used bayonets to leave traces of sin on the guardrails surrounding Hanchun Pond. Between the west of "Hanchun Pond" and the "Moyan Mountain House" is an aisle more than 40 meters long and more than two meters wide. In the past, there were pavilions and corridors to protect the sun and rain, but now only the stone pillar bases remain. To the north of the end of the pavilion and corridor is the boundary stone of the former manor. To the north of "Hanchun Pool" is a "Lianchun Pavilion" with a wider front and a shallower depth. The architectural style of "Lianchun Pavilion" is different from other buildings in the manor. It is said that "Lianchun Pavilion" is the place where the feudal official Chen Zhijiji hid his beauty in the golden house. Tired and tired of reading and writing, I hugged a woman I admired and smiled happily, then went to the "Hanchun Pond" in front to watch the fish and smell the fragrance of the osmanthus forest. I think Mr. Chen Zhijiji would also be elated. No wonder he lived to be in his 90s before passing away before the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War. In 1940, while the captain of the No. 1 squadron of Japanese soldiers burned, killed and raped her, he also lived in the "Lianchun Pavilion" and enjoyed the special treatment of hiding the beauty in the golden house. The dark side of human nature will explode under certain conditions, regardless of ethnicity. "Lianchun Pavilion" is a two-story building with a hall, which is convenient for Chen Zhijiji and "Xiao Mi" to have a tryst. There is a corridor upstairs, where you can walk around at will, leading to the "Huandu Building", "Baojian Lu" and "Baojian Lu" in the east. From the "Yijing Room", you can also walk upstairs to the "Moyan Mountain Room" in the west. On the west wall of the corridor leading to the "Moyan Shanfang" in the west, there is an ear door with the words "Calyx Hui Yin Pavilion" engraved on the lintel. The place where the owner used to raise "Xiao Mi" also pays attention to a little cultural interest.

Jiaqiao Town: Jiaqiao is under the jurisdiction of Jinxian County, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. In 1996, the town was removed from the countryside and established as a town. Since the reform and opening up, the town's economy has developed rapidly, the villages and towns are changing with each passing day, and the society is harmonious and civilized. In 2005, the local GDP was 2.7795 million yuan, the total industrial and agricultural output value was 270 million yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 3,317 yuan. Geographical location Jiaqiao Town is located in the Ganfu Plain, in the northwest of Jinxian County, facing Qinglan Lake in the east and Luoxi Town of this county, bordering Quanling Township in this county in the south, and facing Nanchang County across Fuhe River in the west. It borders Tangzhen and Nanchang County in the north