Are Jin, Jurchen, Qing and Manchu a nation? Why doesn't Guo Dajin braid his hair?
In the northeast of China, there are three indigenous peoples, namely Donghu, Yi and Yi. In the long river of history, Su Shen's life is the strongest, but its name is changing gradually. Han to Jin called Lou, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Buji, Sui to Tang called cymbals. Mohong clan's millet water is very strong, and it has established a prosperous Bohai country in Haidong. Bohai Kingdom lasted for more than 200 years, which made a great contribution to the history of Northeast China.
When the moon is full, it will lose money, and when the water is full, it will overflow. Like the Central Plains dynasty, contradictions arose within the ruling class because of the issue of heirs, and large-scale construction was carried out at the same time, which led to an excessive burden on the country. In this case, the Bohai Kingdom was defeated by the emerging country Qidan, which led to its demise. In this way, the Mohong family became the subjects of the Khitan, but it was not Mohong at that time, but Jurchen.
Why is it called Jurchen? There are two main reasons. The first is that the Khitans became rulers after the collapse of the Bohai State founded by the Great Wall. When one nation rules another, the best way to make the ruled people lose their national memory is to make them forget the glory of their ancestors. Therefore, from the needs of rulers, it is necessary to change the name of the family. The second reason is that cymbals originated in Su Shen. At that time, it was not recorded in Chinese, but pronounced as Jurchen. We spelled this sound carefully, which is similar to Jurchen.
According to this passage, the Khitan official announced that this nation was called Jurchen. After a long time, the Jurchen nationality was established, and the original prudence and cymbals became history.
Qidan Kingdom, also known as Liao Dynasty. Many people know this country from the folk song "Yang Jiajiang", and think it is barbaric and backward. In fact, the Liao Dynasty was actually a very open country and the first country in history to implement one country, two systems. Because the Liao Dynasty took the Khitan nationality as the theme, it implemented another system for the management of other nationalities, that is, one country, two systems today. In many countries, the Khitan has been used to refer to China.
The demise of a country often comes from within, and the Jurchen nationality under its jurisdiction later became strong, with Akuta as the leader. In 1 1 14 A.D., Akuta unified the ministries of Jurchen and began to rise up against the Liao Dynasty. 1 125, akuta overthrew the Khitan State and established the Jin State.
In this way, the second country established by Su Shen's descendants began the glory of Northeast China. So, are the Nuzhen of Jin State and the Nuzhen of Qing Dynasty really not a nation?
If we want to talk about the relationship between the Jurchen nationality, the main ethnic group in the Jin Dynasty, and the Jurchen nationality in the Qing Dynasty, we should start with the development of the ethnic group.
Jin Guo is a tough country, but the Mongolian empire established by Mongolia is even tougher than him. With the joint efforts of Mongolia and the Northern Song Dynasty, the State of Jin perished in 1234. Since then, the Jurchen nationality has become the subjects of the Mongolian empire, and most of them are scattered in Kanto, divided into Jianzhou, Haixi, Savage and other departments.
In order to prevent the resistance of the Jurchen nationality, the Yuan Dynasty issued very strict bans in the residence of the Jurchen nationality, including the prohibition of slaughtering, drinking, bow and arrow (hunting) and the production of gold and silver. With the decline of Mongolian empire, these bans were lifted one after another. The Ming Dynasty, like the Yuan Dynasty, was not at ease with the Jurchen nationality, and issued many decrees to control the development of the Jurchen nationality. However, with the decline of control ability in Ming Dynasty, a branch of Jurchen nationality began to rise.
This is Nuerhachi's Jianzhou Jurchen. Later, Nuerhachi unified the ministries of Jurchen, and descendants entered the customs, destroyed the Ming Dynasty, and established the Qing Empire. From this process, we can see that the Nuzhen of Qing Dynasty and the daughter of Jin State are really a nation. At first, in order to unify the ministries of Nuzhen, Nuerhachi claimed to be the successor of the State of Jin, which was called Houjin in history. Later, because Jin Guo bullied the Song Dynasty many times and had a bad reputation, Huang Taiji changed Nuzhen to Manchuria and Jin Guo to Qing Dynasty.