The geographical environment of Guancheng Hui District
Guancheng Hui District has a north temperate zone semi-arid monsoon continental climate. Its characteristics are: spring is windy, with unpredictable temperatures; summer is hot with concentrated rainfall; autumn is cool and clear; winter is cold and dry, windy with little snow. In an average year, the sunshine time is 2385.5 hours, and the sunshine rate is 54%. The number of sunshine hours in the whole year is the most in June, which is 258.2 hours, and the sunshine rate is 60%. March has the least number of hours, with 177.7 hours and a sunshine rate of 48%. There are 4673.2 hours of accumulated temperature weather above 10℃, which has a great impact on the photosynthesis, growth and reproduction of crops, and is beneficial to the growth and development of autumn grain crops. At the same time, the sunshine hours are related to sunny days, cloudy days, and overcast days. The average annual average of most years in this jurisdiction is: 173.2 sunny days, 101.5 cloudy days, and 90.7 cloudy days throughout the year.
Although the temperature changes greatly throughout the year, it is generally relatively mild. The coldest and hottest weather of the year are not very long, lasting more than a month. Winter and spring are controlled by northwest airflow, with more northwest winds and lower temperatures, generally between -10°C. The coldest time is mostly in January, with the average monthly temperature at -3℃. Winter temperatures are dry and cold, and sometimes there is "late spring cold", which is extremely detrimental to crops and vegetables, so we need to be careful every year. The frost-free period is relatively long, with 227 days in the whole year. The first frost period is around November 11th, and the last frost period is around March 28th. During the frost period, it is suitable for the growth of various crops. It is also the best season for fishery production.
Precipitation is characterized by large inter-annual variability and uneven distribution within the year. The average precipitation in most years is 636.7 mm. According to statistics from the Zhengzhou Meteorological Station, the maximum annual precipitation is 1128.4 mm (1964) and the minimum annual precipitation is 334.8 mm (1996). The annual precipitation is mostly concentrated from June to September, with an average of 415.2 mm, accounting for 65.2% of the annual precipitation. The average precipitation from March to May is 119.5 mm, accounting for 18.8% of the annual precipitation; the average precipitation from October to February of the following year is 102 mm, accounting for 16% of the annual precipitation. July has the heaviest rainfall every year, with the average monthly precipitation in most years being 140 to 160 mm.
Guancheng Hui District has more northwesterly and southeasterly winds, which often occur in winter and spring, and are most common in December and January every year. The maximum wind force can reach level 8 to level 9. The average number of strong winds above level 8 lasts for 23 days in most years, but the number of days they occur varies greatly each year. In summer and autumn, southeasterly or southerly winds are more common and the winds are mostly level 2 to level 3, with winds of level 8 occurring rarely. The main rivers in Guancheng Hui District include Xiong'er River, Qili River, Chao River and Shibali River, all of which belong to the Huaihe River system. Xiong'er River originates from Tiesanguan Temple in the southern suburbs of Zhengzhou City. It has a drainage area of 87 square kilometers, a drainage area of 80 square kilometers, a river channel length of 21.4 kilometers, and a length of 5.4 kilometers flowing through the jurisdiction. Go to Jicheng Town, Jinshui District and enter the Dongfeng Canal.
The Shibali River originates in Xinzheng, flows through Shibalihe Town, crosses National Highway 107, reaches Qilihe Village in Nancao Township, and goes north to Chahe Village in Putian Township. It is on the Longhai Railway To the north it meets the Qili River. It has a total length of 29.4 kilometers and flows through Guancheng District for 16.8 kilometers. The basin area is 61 square kilometers, and the basin interval is 20.5 square kilometers.
The ancient name of the Qili River is Longxugou. It originates near Banpoqiao Village, Guodian Town, Xinzheng City, and flows through Shibali River Town, Shangzhuang, Qilihe Village, and Zaitian Township in Nancao Township. The Chahe Village merges with the Wei River and flows eastward into the Dongfeng Canal. The total length is 38.3 kilometers, and the length flowing through the jurisdiction is 27 kilometers. The basin area is 205.7 square kilometers, and the basin interval is 103 square kilometers.
The Chaohe River originates from Xinzheng City. It was called Jieshui in ancient times, also known as Luan River and Putian River. Because of its tidal phenomenon, it is now called Chaohe River. It flows through Nancao Township and Putian Township in the jurisdiction, and enters Dongfeng Canal at Xiaosunzhuang in Putian Township. The total length is 32.1 kilometers and it flows through the jurisdiction for 20.8 kilometers. The basin area is 161.3 square kilometers and the interval area is 91 square kilometers.