Welder safety technical briefing
Welder safety technical briefing
We know that welding is a profession with certain risks. So, what safety technical matters do welders need to pay attention to in their daily work? Friends who want to know more, please read the following. I have compiled information on the safety technical matters of welders for everyone. You are welcome to read.
1 General provisions
1.1 Metal welding workers must undergo professional safety technical training, pass the examination, and hold the "Beijing Special Operations Operation Certificate" (those who come to Beijing from other places to engage in electric welding operations Personnel must hold a special operation certificate issued by the labor safety supervision agency at or above the local (municipal) level and apply for a replacement "Beijing Special Operation Temporary Operation Certificate" before they are allowed to work independently. Non-welders are strictly prohibited from performing welding operations.
1.2 Wear welding overalls, insulating shoes, welding gloves, protective masks and other safety protective equipment when operating, and wear safety belts when working at heights.
1.3 Inflammable and explosive items shall not be piled within 10m around the welding operation site.
1.4 Open-air operations are not allowed in weather conditions with rain, snow, and wind speeds above Level 6 (including Level 6). After rain or snow, accumulated water and snow should be removed before work can be performed.
1.5 Before operation, you should first check the welding machine and tools, such as the insulation of the welding clamp and welding cable, the protective grounding of the welding machine shell and the wiring points of the welding machine, etc., and confirm that they are safe and qualified before operating.
1.6 Welding and cutting are strictly prohibited in the diffusion area of flammable and explosive gases or liquids, in operating pressure pipelines, containers containing flammable and explosive materials, and on stressed components.
1.7 When welding containers that have stored flammable or explosive items, they should be replaced and cleaned multiple times according to the medium, and all openings should be opened. Welding can only be carried out after testing and confirmation of safety.
1.8 When welding in a sealed container, ventilation measures should be taken. Welders should take a break outside during intermittent work. The lighting voltage inside the container shall not exceed 12V. The welder's body should be isolated from the welding parts by insulating materials. Special personnel must be provided for supervision during welding, and the guardians should be familiar with the welding operating procedures and rescue methods.
1.9 When welding copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc alloy metals, you must wear protective equipment and work in a well-ventilated area. When welding in hazardous media locations, anti-virus measures should be taken and forced ventilation should be provided if necessary.
1.10 When the welding site is humid or the welder’s body is sweating and the clothes are wet, it is strictly prohibited to lean on the live steel plate or workpiece. The welder should work on a dry insulating board or rubber pad, and the cooperating personnel should wear insulating clothing. shoes or stand on an insulating board.
1.11 It is strictly forbidden to float the temporary grounding wire during welding. It must be fixed, pressed tightly, and tightly wrapped with tape.
1.12 The power supply must be cut off under the following circumstances during operation:
1. When changing the welding machine connector.
2. When replacing welding parts and it is necessary to change the secondary circuit.
3. When moving the welding machine to the working location.
4. When the welding machine breaks down and needs to be repaired.
5. When replacing the fuse.
6. When the work is completed or the operator temporarily leaves the operation site.
1.13 The following regulations must be followed when working at heights:
1. Standard fireproof safety belts must be used and tied to a reliable structure.
2. A guardrail must be set up 5m away from the operation point, and a dedicated person must be provided to monitor it. The area below the work site must be cleared of flammable and explosive items.
3. A helmet-type mask must be worn. The welding cable should be tied tightly to a fixed place, and it is strictly prohibited to wrap it around the body or put it on the back for work.
4. The welder must stand on a stable operating platform to work. The welding machine must be placed stably and firmly, and equipped with a good grounding protection device.
1.14 During operation, it is strictly prohibited to hold the welding clamp under the arm to move the workpiece to be welded or to hang the welding cable around the neck.
1.15 The secondary wire must be double wired during welding. It is strictly prohibited to use metal pipes, metal scaffolding, tracks and structural steel bars as loop ground wires. The welding wire is not damaged and the insulation is good. The welding handle wire must be equipped with a welding machine electric shock protector.
1.16 When the welding cable passes through the road, it must be elevated or other protective measures must be taken.
1.17 The welding wire must not be placed near the arc or next to the hot weld. Do not roll the welding wire. Measures should be taken to prevent the welding handle wire from being damaged by sharp objects.
1.18 Protective glasses or face shields should be worn when removing welding slag. Welding rod heads should be stacked centrally.
1.19 The power must be turned off after get off work, and the ground wire and the power wire must be separated. Make sure the fire is out before leaving the scene.
2 Electric welding equipment
2.1 The electric welding machine must be placed in a well-ventilated, dry, non-corrosive medium, away from high temperature, high humidity and dust.
Welding machines used in the open air should be erected with a rainproof shed. The welding machine should be padded with insulating materials. The height of the pad should not be less than 20cm. Fire-fighting equipment should be equipped according to regulations.
2.2 Before using the welding machine, the insulation and wiring conditions must be checked. The wiring parts must be tightly wrapped with insulating tape to prevent corrosion, moisture, and looseness.
2.3 The welding machine must be equipped with a separate power switch and automatic power-off device. The length of the primary side power cord should not be greater than 5m, and the length of the secondary wire welding wire should not be greater than 30m. The wiring on both sides should be firmly crimped, and a reliable protective cover must be installed.
2.4 The shell of the welding machine must be equipped with reliable zero connection or grounding protection.
2.5 Welding machine welding cables must use multi-strand thin copper wire cables, and their cross-sections should be selected according to the regulations for the use of electric welding machines. The cable sheath should be intact and soft, and its insulation resistance should not be less than 1M?.
2.6 The inside of the welding machine should be kept clean. Blow out dust regularly. The power must be cut off when cleaning.
2.7 After the welding machine is started, it must run without load for a period of time. Adjusting the welding current and polarity switch should be performed under no load. The no-load voltage of DC welding machines shall not exceed 90V, and the no-load voltage of AC welding machines shall not exceed 80V.
2.8 The following regulations should be observed when using AC welding machines:
1. When connecting multiple welding machines, the three-phase load should be balanced, and there must be a switch and fuse protector on the primary line.
2. The welding machine should be well insulated. The insulation resistance between the primary coil winding and the secondary coil winding of the welding transformer and between the winding and the shell shall not be less than 1M?.
3. The working load of the welding machine should be in accordance with the design regulations and must not be overloaded. The temperature rise of the welding machine should be checked frequently during operation. When it exceeds 60°C for grade A and 80°C for grade B, it must stop operation.
2.9 The following regulations should be followed when using a silicon rectifier welding machine:
1. When using a silicon rectifier welding machine, the fan must be turned on. There should be no abnormal noise during operation, and the voltmeter indicates the value should be normal.
2. The silicon rectifier and its components should be cleaned frequently. Cleaning work must be performed after shutting down and powering off.
2.10 The following regulations should be followed when using an argon arc welding machine:
1. The pipelines should be inspected before work, and the gas and water pipes must not be pressurized or leak.
2. The argon pressure reducing valve and pipe joints must not be stained with grease. It should be tested after installation and the pipeline should be free of obstacles and leak-proof.
3. The cooling water of water-cooled welding machines should be kept clean, and the water flow during welding should be normal. Welding without water is strictly prohibited.
4. For high-frequency argon arc welding machines, the high-frequency protection device must be in good condition and no short circuit may occur.