What's with the rust spots on the apple tree?
1, and select disease-resistant varieties. After years of observation, among many apple varieties, Yuan Shuai apple has strong resistance to fruit rust, and Fuji's Shouhong Fuji, Liquan Short Fuji, Miyazaki Fuji and Huimin Fuji also have strong resistance to fruit rust. Among the yellow varieties, Wang Lin, Australian green apple and other varieties that are more resistant to fruit rust can be selected.
2. Spraying control. Before the fruit trees germinate, spray the trees in general to prevent the invasion of germs when the tree buds germinate until the young fruits grow to the thumb. Attention should be paid to preventing the fruit trees from spraying chemicals after flowering, which is the key to prevent and control apple rust.
3. Humidification and drought resistance. Every year from mid-May to late June, in case of continuous high temperature and dry climate, timely humidification and drought resistance should be carried out. Orchards with irrigation conditions should be irrigated throughout the garden. If there is no irrigation condition, you can spray clear water on each fruit tree in the morning and evening to increase the humidity of the orchard. After spraying, fully spray a new layer of high-fat film. Film-forming substances should be used to protect soil and trees from evaporation, and at the same time prevent the damage of external climate and pesticides to fruits, so as to reduce the rust rate of fruits.
4. Prohibit organophosphorus pesticides in young fruit. In May-June, it is forbidden to use organophosphorus pesticides to control pests and diseases, so as to avoid the increase of fruit rust rate caused by human factors.
5 drug therapy. In early summer, the trunk of the diseased tree was circumcised, and Cuihuawang No.2 was applied to the circumcised part to activate the antibody of fruit trees and inhibit virus replication.
6, fruit bagging. Bagging the whole garden within 40-50 days after flowering. On the one hand, this measure can improve the appearance quality of fruit, reduce the pollution of pesticides and harmful dust on fruit, on the other hand, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of fruit rust.
What about the yellow leaves of the apple tree? I think I have yellow leaf disease.
Apple tree yellow leaf disease is also called white leaf disease, or iron deficiency chlorosis. It occurs in all apple producing areas in China, especially in saline-alkali land and calcareous areas. In the years when there is more rain in spring, seedlings and young trees are seriously damaged.
[Identification Features] Apple yellow leaf disease mainly manifests in young leaves of new shoots, and the symptoms are most obvious in the vigorous growth period of new shoots. At the early stage of the disease, mesophyll first turned yellow, the veins and main veins remained green, and the leaves were green and reticulate. In severe cases, the whole leaf turns white and the leaf edge is scorched, which leads to early defoliation and even the top of the new shoot dies. The fruit of the diseased tree is green.
【 Cause and Characteristics 】 Apple yellow leaf disease is mainly caused by insufficient iron supply in apple trees. Because iron has a serious influence on the function of chlorophyll, the leaves turn yellow. Iron in trees is not easy to transfer, so the symptoms of vigorous young leaves are the most obvious. Generally, the soil is rich in calcium carbonate, too alkaline, too much soil moisture, and part of the application of available nitrogen fertilizer will affect the absorption of iron by fruit trees.
[integrated control]
(1) Soil improvement: Don't choose saline-alkali soil and high alkalinity soil for new orchards. If it is inevitable, it is necessary to strengthen soil improvement, increase the application of organic fertilizer or intercrop green manure crops, improve soil structure, increase soil humus and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
(2) Strengthen orchard management: apply fertilizer reasonably, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, properly control the load of fruit trees, and pay attention to drainage in rainy season.
(3) Adding iron fertilizer: spraying 0.3% ~ 0.5% ferrous sulfate solution before germination, or injecting 0.05% ~ 0. 1% ferrous sulfate solution into the trunk, or pouring 1% ~ 3% ferrous sulfate solution into the rhizosphere soil.
(4) Prevention and control in growing season: When the top L ~ 3 leaves of short and medium branches lose green, spraying 200 ~ 300 times of liquid ammonium ferric fulvate or 0.5% urea and 0.7% ferrous sulfate diluent every 10 day for three times can significantly improve the iron content and chlorophyll content of leaves.
What about the dead leaves of the apple tree? It is probably because the trees are short of calcium that they turn yellow now. Because you need a lot of nutrition in the fruiting period, I suggest you spray synergistic calcium, which has obvious effect.
Why is the apple tree soft? Prevention and control of apple rot should start from the source.
Apple rot is a disease caused by fungal infection, including apple anthracnose, ring rot, epidemic rot, black rot and brown rot. In case of high temperature and rainy weather, especially in the young fruit stage, rotten spores are constantly replicating and infected. If pesticides are not sprayed in time, it will cause serious diseases, cause fruit rot, turn good fruits into residual fruits, reduce the quality of apples, and affect the yield and orchard benefits. The occurrence of apple rot is directly related to climatic conditions and tree potential. Only by doing these two aspects well can we fundamentally solve the problem.
First, early prevention in rainy and humid seasons.
After August-September, it is not only the mature stage of mid-late ripening apples, but also the epidemic stage of rapid expansion of pathogens, so it should be sprayed as appropriate according to the weather changes. At this time, spraying "new high-fat film" forms a protective film on the fruit surface, which plays a role in preventing and stopping rotten fruit germs and inhibiting the infection and harm of pests and diseases. Especially in rainy season, spraying once every 10 day can reduce the adverse effects of rainy days and heavy rainfall on fruit trees.
Second, strengthen the tree potential.
Strong trees can ensure good color, big fruit and sweet taste, and bring economic benefits to fruit farmers. Spraying "Guagua Zhuangdiling" before flowering, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage will promote the thickening of flower stalks and fruit stalks, increase the transport of nutrients in the flower and fruit stage, improve the fruit expansion speed, increase the color and protect the flowers and fruits from falling off.
After the apples are harvested, the orchard should be fertilized and pruned. The big wound caused by pruning should be coated and sealed with "calluses antiseptic film" in time to prevent fruit rot bacteria from entering the wound. After smearing, the pests and diseases inside the tree will suffocate and die. Before closing the garden in winter, spray "general tree protection" on the trunk and branches of fruit trees to make the trees quickly form a protective film to protect flower buds from freezing injury; In addition, it can prevent overwintering bacteria and eggs from falling on trees. Through the above measures, we can create a good environment for fruit trees to survive the winter safely, conserve energy and ensure a bumper harvest in the coming year.
What is the black color of this apple tree? Hello! Look at the harm of apple tree rot from the picture information, and smell the smell of distiller's grains in the diseased part. If there is, it is the harm of rot. After the scar can be scraped off with a sharp knife, the scar (0.5- 1 cm higher than the scar) is coated with compound microbial fertilizer in Kiichigo soil and pure land according to the ratio of 1: 1, and then wrapped with plastic film from bottom to top.
What is the long white hair on the apple tree? I suggest you consult an expert on fruit trees, improve the reward score next time you ask questions, and improve the attention rate of your questions.
What's wrong with the small leaves of apple trees? Caused by zinc deficiency
Prevention and treatment of zinc deficiency in apple trees
1. Symptoms of zinc deficiency can cause apple lobular disease. Symptoms appear in spring, when diseased branches germinate late, the leaves are narrow, slender, hard and brittle, the leaf margin is slightly rolled up, and the leaf color is yellow-green or uneven. The internodes of diseased branches are obviously shortened and the upper lobules are clustered. Sometimes new branches appear in the lower part of the diseased branches, but they still show the same symptoms. The flower bud differentiation of diseased plants is reduced, the flowers are small and pale, and it is not easy to set fruit; The result is small, deformed, hard, astringent and inedible.
2. Etiology and Pathogenesis When plants are deficient in zinc, they lose the ability to synthesize tryptophan from indole and serine, and tryptophan is the precursor of indoleacetic acid (auxin), so auxin can't be synthesized normally, so that new shoots and leaves can't grow and develop normally and become small and narrow clustered branches and leaves, that is, lobular disease occurs. Zinc deficiency will occur in barren hills, sandy land, saline-alkali land, orchards with serious soil erosion and orchards with too little soil moisture, and lobular disease will occur less in orchards with acidic soil and rich organic matter. Partial application of phosphate fertilizer will aggravate the symptoms of zinc deficiency.
3. Control methods (1) Applying more organic fertilizer, improving soil and strengthening soil and water conservation are the fundamental measures to control lobular diseases, which are particularly important in beaches, saline-alkali land and barren hills orchards. (2) Planting green manure, ploughing in time and improving soil. ⑶ Spraying10-15% zinc sulfate solution before germination and spraying 10% zinc sulfate after harvest in autumn has a good control effect on apple lobular disease. Spraying a mixture of 0.2% zinc sulfate and 0.3-0.5% urea 3 weeks after the full flowering period has a remarkable effect. (4) When basal fertilizer is applied in autumn, zinc sulfate 0.5- 1 kg is applied to the diseased adult trees, which can take effect in the following year and last for a long time.
How is it that the fruit on the apple tree always falls? Reasons for fruit drop:
1. Natural fruit dropping habit. If apples have the habit of natural fruit dropping, there are two peaks, the first one is 1 about 10 days after flowering, and the second one is July-August.
These trees are too strong. For example, "the overgrowth of trees is caused by two factors." First, improper use of fertilizers. The main reason is that too much nitrogen fertilizer, or insufficient phosphorus and potassium, causes the imbalance of carbon and nitrogen in the tree body, leads to excessive vegetative growth, imbalance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and a large number of fruit drops. Second, there are few fruits in the tree, and a lot of nutrients are nowhere to be supplied, so they have to be transported to the vegetative branches to grow, which will also cause the tree to be too lush.
Preventive and control measures:
First, the branch opening angle: For the relatively upright branches, the direction (70 ~ 80 degrees) can be changed by stretching to disperse the polarity. This can enhance the ventilation and light transmission of the tree body, so that the lower parts of the branches can be evenly seated.
Second, in addition to sprouting and coring: extremely heavy coring can effectively reduce the consumption of nutrients, so that nutrients can accumulate in the early growth zone, thus accelerating the growth of young fruits and avoiding fruit drop due to insufficient nutrients.
Third, twist branches to inhibit consumption: change direction and turn to places with space to inhibit excessive growth of branches, promote fruit setting, and at the same time inhibit nutrient consumption and reduce fruit drop.
Timely water supplement: after flowering, applying three elements at a time, gradually reducing ammonia fertilizer and increasing the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, combined with fertilization and watering once, can obviously improve leaf quality, enhance tree vigor and promote fruit expansion.
5. Diligent foliar fertilizer: spraying amino acids, rare earth or other trace fertilizers on the leaves every 7 ~ 10 days in the young fruit period. Spray carefully, evenly and thoughtfully. The effect of foliar fertilizer is obvious, but after all, the fertilizer effect is limited, which is only an auxiliary measure and cannot replace soil fertilization.
6. Spraying anti-falling agents: Spraying NAA or other anti-falling agents after flowering has a significant effect on promoting fruit setting and reducing physiological fruit drop. It should be noted that the dosage should be used in strict accordance with the concentration indicated in the instructions, and the dosage should not be increased or decreased at will.
What about the yellow leaves on the apple tree? There are many reasons why the leaves of apple trees turn yellow: 1, when the rainy season comes, the branches grow too fast and the new leaves turn yellow. 2, too many branches, poor lighting, yellow leaves in the chamber. 3. Element deficiency causes leaf yellowing, such as iron deficiency and nitrogen deficiency. 4. Root problems such as root cancer and purple feather. 5. Pests like Starscream. 6. Diseases such as brown spots.
What kind is it? Compare with yourself.
What's it like to dream that there are many apples on the apple tree? It means that you have made good gains in your career or work recently, or have extra money recently. If a pregnant woman dreams of an apple, it means that you will be pregnant with a boy.