Where is Qiantang River?
Yongdinghe
Yongding River originates from Guancen Mountain in ningwu county, Shanxi Province, flows through Inner Mongolia and Hebei, turns to Hebei via Beijing, joins Haihe River in Tianjin, reaches Tanggu and flows into Bohai Sea. Yongding River, with a total length of 548 kilometers, flows into Shijingshan District from Sanjiadian in Mentougou District, flows through Wulituo, Cocoon, Pangcun and Shuitun, and flows into Fengtai District through the south of Yamenkou. Yongding River, called bath water in ancient times, Sanggan River in Sui Dynasty and Lugou in Jin Dynasty, is the flood season from July to August every year. The river flows rapidly from Yanshan Gorge, and there are many cliffs on both sides, with a drop of 320: 1, and the maximum flow is about 5200 cubic meters per second. The river carries a lot of sediment, and the river is turbid, with an annual sediment concentration of 31.2000 tons. During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there were posthumous title such as Hunhe River and Xiaohe River. Because of the impermanence of river migration, it is commonly known as the Wuding River, leaving many old roads in history. Among them, there are three large-scale old roads close to Beijing: the first old road runs eastward from Yamenkou, turns northeast along the north side of Babaoshan, passes through Haidian, runs eastward along Qinghe River and joins Wenyu River. The second ancient road before the Western Han Dynasty flows eastward from Yamenkou, passes through Tamura and Zizhuyuan, enters the "sea" in the city from Deshengmen, turns to the southeast, and flows out of the city through Zhengyangmen, Xianyukou, Hongqiao and longtan lake. Article 3 The old road from the Three Kingdoms to the Liao Dynasty, from Lugouqiao area, through Kandan Village and Nanyuan to Majuqiao. This old road has a history of more than 900 years, and it was not until the thirty-seventh year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1698) that the river was further dredged, the riverbank was reinforced and the Wuding River was renamed Yongding River.
Yongding River, formerly known as Wuding River, is one of the seven major river systems in Haihe River Basin and the largest river in Hebei Province. The basin covers an area of 470 16 square kilometers, including 45,063 square kilometers in mountainous areas and 1953 square kilometers in plains. Yongding River, with a total length of 747 kilometers, flows through Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Hebei provinces, Beijing and Tianjin, and 43 counties and cities. The whole basin covers an area of 47,000 square kilometers.
There are two tributaries in the upper reaches of Yongding River, Sanggan River and Yanghe River, which meet in Zhuguantun, Huailai County, Hebei Province. The following reach is called Yongding River, which flows into Guishui River in Yanqing County and into Guanting Gorge (Guanting Reservoir to Sanjiadian) via Guanting Reservoir. Guanting-Zhuguantun River is 30km long, Guantingxia River is108.7km long, and it flows into the plain at Mentougou. It is about 200 kilometers from Sanjiadian to Tianjin estuary. In the water conservancy system, it is divided into three sections: Sanjiadian to Lugou Bridge, Lugou Bridge to Lianggezhuang, Yongding River floodplain and Yongding New River.
water conservancy facilities
Guanting Reservoir, Zhuwo Reservoir, Luopoling Reservoir and Sanjiadian Water Control Project.
Jiang Lihe
Li Jiang River
Lijiang River is a pearl in China's splendid rivers and mountains, and the essence of Guilin's landscape, enjoying a long-standing reputation. Lijiang River is located in the east of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the south of China and belongs to the Pearl River system. Lijiang River originates from Maoershan, Yuechengling, the first peak in South China, where the forest is beautiful, the air is fresh and the ecological environment is excellent. The mainstream of the upper reaches of the Lijiang River is called Liu Dong; It flows to the south near Xing 'anmen, connects with Huangbaijiang River in the east and Chuanjiang River in the west, and the confluence is called Rongjiang River. The water from Hui Ling Canal in Rongjiang Town flows through Lingchuan, Guilin and Yangshuo, reaches Pingle and joins Xijiang River, with a total length of 437 kilometers. The waterway from Guilin to Yangshuo is about 83 kilometers, which is called Lijiang River.
Lijiang River is one of the most beautiful rivers in the world, with a total length of 160 km. The peaks on both sides of the Lijiang River are tall and straight. How many furry shrubs and small flowers are there on the stone peak? From a distance, they look like clothes on beautiful women. On the dam of the river bank, the bamboos are graceful all year round, like a girl's skirt, swaying in the wind. The most lovely thing is the reflection of the mountain peak, some hazy and some clear. What time is a fishing boat on the river, with red sails for several pages, flowing through the reflection of the mountain peak, which really has the artistic conception of "the boat is on the top of the green hill" Every scene of the Lijiang River is a typical China ink painting. Lijiang River, 83 kilometers from Guilin to Yangshuo, is the most typical karst terrain in northeast Guangxi. Near Guilin, the river valley is wide and gentle, and Fubo Mountain, Diecai Mountain, Xiangshan Mountain, Chuanshan Mountain and Tashan Mountain all rise from the ground. The walls are cut, the peaks are listed and the momentum is full. Karst canyon plain, Xiushan and Lishui complement each other and the scenery is quiet. Between Guilin and Yangshuo, there are karst peak forests, and rivers turn around the mountains to form canyons. The scenery is also the most fascinating, especially the lawn, Di Yang, Xingping, Shi Lang Wonderland, Jiuma Painting Mountain, Huangbu Beach and other beautiful scenery. Reflection is a wonder of Lijiang River. The river endows the dignified mountains with dynamics, spirituality and life, and at the same time brings people into the mythical world. There are four wonders in the Lijiang River: Qingshan, Xiushui, strange caves and beautiful stones, as well as oases, dangerous beaches, deep pools and waterfalls. There are many continents in the middle of the river, and there are many beaches on the shore. There are rocks blocking the flow, waves echoing, lush trees surrounding and bamboo competing. The landscape of Lijiang depends on the time and place (angle). Qingyuan is infinite. The magnificent long scroll of "Hundred Miles River Day" is pleasing to the eye, curses Tao Qing, purifies the soul and abandons customs. It can be said that the Lijiang River is the most beautiful in the world.
The peaks on both sides of the Lijiang River are tall and straight. How many furry shrubs and small flowers are there on the stone peak? Seen from a distance, it looks like clothes on a beautiful woman. On the dam of the river bank, the bamboos are graceful all year round, like a girl's skirt, swaying in the wind. The most lovely thing is the reflection of the mountain peak, some hazy and some clear. What time is the fishing boat on the river, and a few pages of red sails flow through the reflection of the mountain peak. There is really an artistic conception of "seeing the top of the castle peak clearly and the boat is on the top of the castle peak". Every scene of the Lijiang River is a typical China ink painting.
The Lijiang River is 83 kilometers from Guilin to Yangshuo. It is like a green ribbon, winding among thousands of strange bees. Beautiful scenery along the river, clear water lingering, strange peaks, deep pools, fountains and waterfalls are interlaced, forming a colorful picture scroll, which is called "Baili Lijiang River and Baili Gallery". It is the most typical karst terrain in northeast Guangxi.
Near Guilin, the river valley is wide and gentle, and Fubo Mountain, Diecai Mountain, Xiangshan Mountain, Chuanshan Mountain and Tashan Mountain all rise from the ground. The walls are cut, the peaks are listed and the momentum is full. Karst canyon plain, Xiushan and Lishui complement each other and the scenery is quiet. Between Guilin and Yangshuo, there are karst peak forests, and rivers turn around the mountains to form canyons. The scenery is also the most fascinating, especially the lawn, Di Yang, Xingping, with beautiful scenery such as waves, nine horses painted mountains, yellow cloth reflections, and half crossing. Reflection is a wonder of Lijiang River. The river endows the dignified mountains with dynamics, spirituality and life, and at the same time brings people into the mythical world. Lijiang River has four wonders of "green hills, beautiful waters, strange caves and beautiful stones", as well as "oases, dangerous beaches, deep pools and waterfalls". There are many continents in the middle of the river, and there are many beaches on the shore. There are rocks blocking the flow, waves echoing, lush trees surrounding and bamboo competing. The landscape of Lijiang River changes with time, place (angle) and climate. The weather is fine, the sky is up and down, the sky is blue, and thousands of cockroaches are all eyes. On a rainy day, the haze is lingering, looming, intermittent and empty. On the bright moon night, the peaks are like washing, the river waves are like practicing, and if you enter the ethereal realm, Qingyuan is infinite. The magnificent long scroll of "Hundred Miles River Day" is pleasing to the eye, curses Tao Qing, purifies the soul and abandons customs. It can be said: "There is no beautiful Lijiang River in the world".
At all times and in all countries, I don't know how many poets have written beautiful poems for the beautiful scenery of Lijiang River. Han Yu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, once praised the picturesque Lijiang River with the poem "Jiang Qingshan is like a jade hairpin".
Zhujianghe
Zhujianghe
physical geography
The Pearl River is a big river in the south of China, which flows through Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi and other provinces (regions) and the northeast of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, with a drainage area of 453,690 square kilometers, including 442 100 square kilometers in China.
The Pearl River Basin is bordered by Wuling in the north, Nanhai in the south, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in the west, hilly basin in the middle and delta alluvial plain in the southeast, with high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast. The land resources in the whole basin are * * * 663 million mu, including 72 million mu of cultivated land and 0/89 million mu of woodland. The cultivated land rate is lower than the national average, and the per capita land in the basin is only 9.3 1 mu, which is about three-fifths of the national per capita land.
Meteorological hydrology
The Pearl River Basin is located in the subtropical zone, and the Tropic of Cancer runs through the middle of the basin, with a mild and rainy climate. The annual average temperature is between 14 ~ 22℃, and the annual average rainfall is 1200 ~ 2200mm. The rainfall distribution obviously decreases gradually from east to west, and the rainfall distribution is uneven during the year, with great regional differences and great interannual changes.
The average annual runoff of the Pearl River is 336 billion cubic meters, including 238 billion cubic meters in Xijiang, 39.4 billion cubic meters in Beijiang, 23.8 billion cubic meters in Dongjiang and 34.8 billion cubic meters in Delta. The distribution of annual runoff is extremely uneven. The flood season from April to September accounts for about 80% of the total annual runoff, and it accounts for more than 50% in June, July and August. The Pearl River is rich in water resources, with a per capita water resource of 4,700 cubic meters, which is equivalent to 1.7 times of the national average. However, the interannual change and uneven spatial and temporal distribution lead to frequent natural disasters such as floods, droughts, salinization and so on.
The flood in the Pearl River basin has the characteristics of high peak, large volume and long duration. The main weather systems causing floods in this basin are flood peak or static peak and southwest trough, followed by tropical depression and typhoon. Rainstorms and floods often occur in June, July and August every year.
The dry season in the Pearl River Basin is generally from June 5438+00 to March of the following year, and the average annual runoff in dry season is 80.3 billion cubic meters, accounting for only about 24% of the annual runoff in the whole basin. The minimum flow rate of Wuzhou Station in Xijiang River in dry season is 720 cubic meters per second, Beijiang Cornerstone 130 cubic meters per second, and Boluo Station in Dongjiang River is 3 1.4 cubic meters per second.
The Pearl River is a river with little sediment, with an average sediment concentration of 0.249 kg per cubic meter for many years and an annual average sediment concentration of 88.72 million tons. According to statistical analysis, about 20% of the sediment is deposited in the net river area of the Pearl River Delta every year, and the remaining 80% is exported to the South China Sea through eight gates.
Tides in the Pearl River Estuary belong to an irregular semidiurnal tidal cycle. The Pearl River Estuary is a weak tidal estuary with a small tidal range, with an average tidal range of 0.86 ~ 1.6m and a maximum tidal range of 2.29 ~ 3.36m The annual average of total high tide in Bamen is 376.2 billion cubic meters, and the annual average of low tide is 702.2 billion cubic meters, with a net decrease of 326 billion cubic meters.
The Pearl River Basin is a complex basin, which consists of four water systems, namely Xijiang River, Beijiang River, Dongjiang River and the rivers in the Pearl River Delta. The west and north rivers flow into the Pearl River Delta at Sixianjiao, Sanshui City, Guangdong Province, and the Dongjiang River flows into the Pearl River Delta at Shilong Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, and flows into the South China Sea through eight gates, including Humen, Jiaomen, Hongqi Gate, Hengmen, Modaomen, Jiti Gate, Hutiaomen and Yamen.
The main stream of Xijiang River originates from Maxiong Mountain in Qujing City, Yunnan Province, and flows into the South China Sea at Modaomen in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, with a total length of 22 14km. Xijiang River is composed of Nanpanjiang River, Hongshui River, Qianjiang River, Jiang Xun and Xijiang River, and its main tributaries are Beipanjiang River, Liujiang River, Yujiang River, Gui Jiang River and Hejiang River. The river above Sixianjiao is 2075KM long, with a drainage area of 353 120 square kilometers, accounting for 77.8% of the Pearl River drainage area.
Beijiang River originated in Damaoyuan, Xinfeng County, Jiangxi Province. The river above Sixianjiao is 468KM long, with a drainage area of 467 10 km2, accounting for 10.3% of the Pearl River drainage area. The main tributaries are Wushui, Jiang Ge, Lianjiang and Suijiang.
Dongjiang River originated in Ji Ya, Xunwu County, Jiangxi Province. The river above Shilong is 520KM long, with a basin area of 27,040 square kilometers, accounting for 5.96% of the Pearl River basin area. The main tributaries are Xinfeng River and Xizhijiang River.
The Pearl River Delta covers an area of 26,820 square kilometers, with dense river networks and vertical and horizontal waterways. The main rivers flowing into the Pearl River Delta are Liuxi River, Tanjiang River and Shenzhen River.
socioeconomics
There are six provinces (regions) in the Pearl River Basin, including Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi, and there are 63 cities in Hong Kong and Macao. According to the statistics of 1993, the total population of the Pearl River Basin is 87.66 million (excluding Hong Kong and Macao), and the average population density is 19 1 per square kilometer. In the population structure, the rural population accounts for about 69%, and the urban population accounts for 3 1%. The population distribution is extremely uneven, with the Pearl River Delta accounting for about 22.6%.
There are many nationalities in the basin, and there are more than 50 nationalities in * * *. The main ethnic groups are Han nationality, Zhuang nationality, Miao nationality, Buyi nationality and Maonan nationality, among which Han nationality is the most, followed by Zhuang nationality.
The Pearl River Basin has superior natural conditions and abundant resources. According to the statistics of 1993, the total industrial and agricultural output value of the basin is 536.556 billion yuan, including 455.667 billion yuan of industrial output value and 80.889 billion yuan of agricultural output value. There is a big gap between the rich and the poor in the Pearl River Basin, with underdeveloped areas accounting for more than 90%.
Product resources
The Pearl River is rich in rivers and hydropower resources. The exploitable installed capacity of hydropower in the whole basin is about 2510.2 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation can reach10.65438+0.68 billion kwh. Among them, Xijiang Hongshui River is a "rich mine" with concentrated location, large flow and superior development conditions. At present, there is little development and utilization, which needs to be accelerated urgently.
The Pearl River Basin is rich in mineral resources, with 58 proven minerals and 25 with reserves exceeding 100 million tons, mainly including coal, tin, manganese, tungsten, aluminum and phosphorus. In addition, the South China Sea outside the Pearl River Estuary is rich in oil and natural gas, which is now being explored and developed.
The Pearl River is one of the seven major rivers in China. The rivers in the basin are rich in water, stable in river regime and good in shipping conditions. There are 1088 navigable rivers, with a total navigable mileage of 14 156KM, accounting for 13% of the national navigable mileage, and the annual freight volume ranks second only to the Yangtze River.
Yarlung Zangbo River
The Yarlung Zangbo River means "water flowing from the highest peak" in ancient Tibetan. The Grand Canyon is located on the Yarlung Zangbo River.
Near Namgabawa Peak at the big bend, it is 496 kilometers long and its depth exceeds that of Colorado, which once claimed to be the highest in the world.
The Canyon, the deepest canyon in the world, has attracted the attention of the whole world and made China proud.
line
Cheng: First, take a shuttle bus from Lhasa to Linzhi. The bus leaves at 8:00 a.m. and takes bus No.633 from Lhasa to Bayi Town, Linzhi.
, fare 155 yuan, then from Bayi to Pailong, and then from Pailong to Zhaqu, walk around the Yarlung Zangbo River and turn around.
The deepest canyon in the world, from Zhaqu to Pailong, you can visit Menba villages and enjoy the virgin forest on the way. Finally,
Take a bus from Pailong to Milin, from
From Milin to Shannan, you can see the scenery of Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon.
Yarlung Zangbo River is the second largest river in China after the Yangtze River.
There are many tributaries of the Yarlung Zangbo River, of which 14 has an area of over 2,000 square kilometers, and 5 have an area of over10,000 square kilometers, namely Duoxiong Zangbo, Nianchu River, Lhasa River, Yangni River and Palong Zangbo. Among them, Lhasa River has the longest river and the largest catchment area. Palong Zangbo has the largest annual runoff.