A little knowledge about stamps

The first stamp in the world was "Black Penny" printed in the UK on May 1 2008, which was issued on May 6th.

The stamps are: 1. National inscription, 2. Face value, 3. Puncture, 4. Adhesive backing, 5. Special paper for stamps, 6. Anti-counterfeiting measures (secret records, miniature characters, special-shaped perforations, code spraying, etc.). ).

Stamps are square, rectangular, diamond, round and irregular, and printing materials are also wood, plastic, silk and metal.

Stamp: 1. According to the purpose and purpose of issuance, there are ordinary tickets, commemorative tickets, special tickets, military tickets and complimentary tickets.

2. According to the stamp forms, there are stamp sheetlets, souvenir sheets, promissory notes, imperforated stamp, coil stamps, Braille stamps, postage machine stamps and electronic stamps.

According to the form of issuance, according to the issuer classification. ...

2. What are some tips about stamps?

Stamp pattern: refers to the front of a stamp, which generally consists of pattern, country name, face value, explanatory text and tassels related to the purpose of stamp issuance.

The early stamp patterns of all countries in the world are relatively simple. With the development of society, countries all over the world use their most representative contents in politics, economy, national defense, science and technology, culture and art, historical geography, natural scenery, precious animals and plants as stamp patterns.

More than 300,000 kinds of stamps with various designs have been issued all over the world. Stamp collectors can acquire rich encyclopedic knowledge by collecting and studying stamp patterns.

Therefore, stamp patterns are the main research objects of stamp collectors. Country name on the stamp: refers to the name of the country, airline or region printed on the front of the stamp.

Usually, words and abbreviations are used to represent country names. Such as: Japan Post, China People's Post.

The United States uses the abbreviation USA, and the Soviet Union uses the abbreviation CCCP to represent the country name. There are also some countries that use special symbols to represent them. For example, early stamps in Britain used the head of the king as a symbol.

Britain's current commemorative stamps are printed with the head of the Queen of England, not the name of the country. By identifying the country names on stamps, we can learn about the geography, history, language and writing of the countries concerned.

Stamp version name: stamp number, version number, number of sheets, color code, designer and printing factory name are printed on the edge of the whole stamp paper, collectively referred to as the version name. Inscriptions are important materials for studying stamps, so many stamp collectors like to collect stamps with inscriptions.

For example, J63 "China People's Stamp Exhibition: Japan" was released on April 29th after China 198 1, and all kinds of designs such as chicken, goldfish, kite, Temple of Heaven, butterfly, stamp name, designer, name of printing factory, version number, Zhang number, color code and so on were printed on the edge of the whole paper. These stamps are regarded as important philatelic products by stamp collectors.

Some postal scientists say that this is a gift from the printing factory to stamp collectors, and it is an important basis for studying stamp layout and stamp printing. Watermark on stamp: A stamp is proof of prepaid postage.

In order to prevent forgery, in the process of papermaking, a mark pressed on paper by a special method is called watermark. Watermark is a colorless symbol, mostly a simple pattern.

On a whole stamp, there is only one watermark pattern, which is called the whole watermark. The repeated watermark patterns in the whole stamp are called double watermarks, and there are various watermark patterns, such as crown, sun, moon, Taiji diagram and so on.

1840 The black penny stamp issued in Britain on May 6th is a watermark with a crown pattern. The Xiaolong stamp issued by China Daqing Post 1885 and the Panlong stamp issued by 1898 are watermarks with Tai Chi pictures as patterns.

The watermark on the stamp is easy to identify, and you can find it by looking at the back of the stamp carefully in the sun or light. For less obvious watermarks, you can spray a little gasoline on the back of the stamp and the watermark will appear immediately.

Gasoline volatilizes quickly and is harmless to stamps and adhesives. Experienced stamp collectors generally use this method to identify the watermark on stamps. Watermark is an important basis for studying and identifying the authenticity, version and issue date of stamps.

Stamp number: commemorative stamps and special stamps issued by the People's Post of China after the founding of New China. If the number and year are printed on the bottom of the front of the stamp, it is called stamp number. For example, the 15th anniversary of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory 1952 was issued on July 7th, and "Ji 16" and "Ji 16" were printed on the left side of the stamp bottom, indicating that this set of stamps is16 sets of commemorative stamps; "4- 1" means that there are four stamps in this set, and this is the first one.

"(78) 1952" is printed on the right side of the bottom of the stamp, (78) indicates the total number of seals in the commemorative stamp, and "1952" is the printing year of this set of stamps. China issued stamps with the prefix of "Ji" for the first time, starting from1October 8th, Ji 1949 1 "Celebrating the First Plenary Session of China People's Political Consultative Conference" and ending from Ji1March 967 10 to Ji/kloc-.

At the same time, 124 sets of commemorative stamps with the prefix "Ji" were issued. Special stamps are expressed in the same way as commemorative stamps, except that the word "auspicious" is changed to "special".

The stamps issued from April 1967 to June 1970 and June 1 cancelled this stamp. 1August 1970 to1June 1973 and1June 1973. The new serial number is printed on the left side of the bottom of the stamp, and the first generation is printed on the right side.

For example, the "(1)" on the left side of the stamp of modern Peking Opera (Take Tiger Mountain) is the serial number, and "1970" is the printing year. Starting from 1974, the stamp number is "J" for commemorative stamps and "T" for special stamps.

For example, on May1974 15, the stamp "Centennial of the Universal Postal Union" was issued. The words "J 1 (3- 1)" are printed on the left side of the bottom, where "j" stands for commemorative stamps and "1" is the first set.

(3- 1) means that this set has ***3 stamps, which is the first one. The right side of the bottom of the stamp is printed with "1974" as the printing year.

Stamp number is a unique symbol on new China stamps. This stamp number is very convenient for collecting stamps. You can know the printing year, complete set quantity and total quantity of each stamp without looking at the stamp catalogue.

Appearance of stamps: stamp collectors are very particular about the appearance of stamps. The appearance of stamps is the appearance of stamps.

There are the following points to measure the appearance of a stamp: new ticket: the face is complete, without damage or crease, the pattern is correct, the color is bright, and it does not fade and change color; Perforation complete, no corner; The back glue is intact. Old ticket: the face is intact, not thin, and the postmark is clear. The postmark is sold in a corner of the stamp (about 1/4), and this kind of stamp is the top grade; Light postmark printing does not damage the appearance of the face, and it is a product of China; Postmark heavy oil affects the beautiful pattern; If you study the postmark, it is best to stamp it completely. You should be able to see the place name, year, month, day and time on the postmark.

This mainly depends on the purpose of collection. Pay attention to the appearance of stamps when collecting stamps, don't scratch them with your hands.

Grasping stamps by hand is easy to break corners and teeth. Sweating on your hands and touching stamps will make your face lose its original luster.

Use tweezers. The tweezers for stamp collecting are flat, smooth, embroidery-free and moderately elastic.

The quality of stamps is relative. Ordinary stamps are easy to get and you can choose.

Anyone with the same design can compare the quality of products, try to eliminate products with different quality and collect good ones. If a stamp is extremely rare, it is precious to collect one. There is no need to find fault with the appearance.

If people with bad looks don't take it, it's hard to get what you want.

3. Knowledge about stamps

Stamps are postage certificates issued by postal authorities for posting mail. Stamps are a form for the sender to pay for postal services. The sender will put a stamp on the letter, and then the post office will stamp it to cancel the value, which proves that the sender has paid all or part of the delivery fee before sending the mail. For convenience, stamps are usually perforated around and covered with a layer of adhesive on the back. The issuance of stamps is managed by the state. It is usually a symbol of a country, and even an important source of financial resources for some countries, such as Liechtenstein. The earliest stamp in the world is black penny, and the earliest stamp in China is Dalong stamp. There are many kinds of stamps, just because they have been given more and more uses since their birth. Can be divided into: ordinary stamps: ordinary stamps are not only the oldest stamps, but also the most common types of stamps. Buying ordinary stamps is a way to pay postage. Ordinary stamps have complete face value, large circulation, small face value and relatively fixed pattern. They are often printed many times. There are many kinds of commemorative stamps: commemorative stamps are issued specifically for an event or occasion. 187 1 Peru issued the world's first commemorative stamp and opened the first road between Lima and callao, and then countries all over the world followed suit. Many countries use commemorative stamps as a form of self-promotion, especially some small countries. Its commemorative stamps have become one of its own economic sources (but sometimes they may also have propaganda purposes, such as the first commemorative stamp in Germany appeared in the Nazi era. ) commemorative stamps are mainly aimed at collectors, because they are basically not used on envelopes. Therefore, compared with long-term stamps, letters with commemorative stamps are rare. Commemorative stamps are usually large in face, beautifully designed and printed, with rich patterns, and are not allowed to be reprinted. There is a specific sales period. Special stamps: stamps issued to promote something, basically as long as they are not ordinary stamps and commemorative stamps, all belong to this category, and the scope is wider than commemorative stamps. Welfare stamps: also known as donation stamps, are stamps issued for welfare, health, disaster relief, charity and other undertakings. Their face value is divided into two parts, one is the postage itself. Second, the amount of donations. The earliest donated stamp in the world is 1p stamp issued by New South Wales, Australia in 1997. Its price is 12 times higher than the face value of the stamp, and the excess is used for donation. Official seal: The official seal is a stamp used by * * * institutions to pay official mail. Therefore, the general post office will not sell official stamps. And it can't be used for ordinary mail, so there is actually no abuse or misappropriation of the official seal. The first official stamp was issued in British India on 1866. China's first official seal was the "official document sticker" issued by Chunghwa Post in Xinjiang. Germany will have its own official seal until 1920. However, it was abolished after World War II. East Germany uses official seals from 1954 to 1960. Official stamps only appeared in Austria from 1938 to 1945 during the German occupation. In Switzerland, 19 18 to 1944 use the official seal. Official stamps. 1983, the official stamps issued in the United States were marked with the words "official stamps of the United States" and "private use will be fined $300", so they were also called punishment mail stamps. Airmail stamps: Airmail stamps are also called "airmail stamps" because they are suitable for airmail. But they can only be used for airmail, and airmail stamps cannot be used for ordinary mail. Since the middle of the 20th century, air mail has become one of the most important modes of postal transportation. Most countries in the world will issue their own airmail stamps. The face pattern is usually a balloon. Pigeons or planes, etc. Germany and Switzerland launched the first airmail stamp in 19 12. On March 30th, 2008 1965438+, Austria issued the first World War I aviation stamp. After World War II, most European countries abolished airmail stamps. Now ordinary stamps can be used for airmail. Stamps with insufficient funds: Many countries have stamps with insufficient funds. They are used to calculate postage arrears. The staff will stamp the letters with insufficient postage before sending the mail, and settle the account when the mail arrives. Overdue stamps cannot be used as proof of postage payment, and the post office does not sell them. The earliest stamps in the world appeared in 1859. Appeared in France. Austria issued the first postage debit note on 1894. When the euro was introduced in 2002, it was abolished. Germany has never had overdue stamps. Only then did it enjoy postal service. Baden and Bavaria issued IOU stamps from 1862 to 1870. IOU stamps issued by Switzerland from 1878 to 1938. Liechtenstein used Austrian debt stamps until it left Austria in 1920. After that, it first issued Austrian currency debt stamps. 1940 converted into Swiss currency. The earliest free stamps in China were issued in 1,1April, 904, and 1956 old coins were never issued again. Electronic stamps: stamps sold in different denominations are printed by vending machines according to postage, also known as automatic stamps. This kind of stamp has no perforation and no adhesive. Some have two semicircular grooves on the top and bottom. 198 1 year, Germany issued the first set of electronic stamps, and the face value can be selected as required (1 finney to 999 finney).

4. What are the tips for stamps in China?

1 and 1877 in may, Hurd approved Detering's suggestion and began to prepare for printing stamps needed by the customs post office.

2. Stamps in Qing Dynasty can be roughly divided into two periods, from 1878 to 1896, which is the customs postal period, and stamps are managed by the General Administration of Customs. * * * Three sets of stamps were issued; 1897 to 19 1 1 This period was the postal period of the Qing Dynasty. 3. China has a history of more than 100 years since the first set of stamps was issued, which can be roughly divided into four periods, namely, Qing Dynasty stamps, Republic of China stamps, Liberated Area stamps and New China stamps.

4. In the early days, stamps issued by various countries were mostly based on portraits of emperors and monarchs, commonly known as "heads". China's early stamps have always followed the dragon pattern, which is also commonly known as the "dragon head".

5. The design of the "Dragon" stamp is a dragon, lined with clouds and waves, which is called the Dragon Play Pearl Map. In this set of three stamps, the face value of 1 silver is green, 3 silver is crimson and 5 silver is orange. 6. At present, the earliest sealed envelope with "Dalong" stamp has been found, and the postmark date is 1878 10.05.

7. Stamps were issued by the General Administration of Customs and Taxation during the closing period of the Qing Dynasty, which lasted from 1878 to 1896. Three sets of stamps were issued, namely "Dragon", "Little Dragon" and "Wanshou".

5. What should I know about stamps as collectibles?

The definition is an independent valuable certificate issued by the national postal department or a postal institution established with the permission of * * * *, indicating that postage has been prepaid and postal services are provided accordingly.

The essence includes the following points: first, it is issued by the postal department of the host country (region); Second, negotiable securities are used as a sign of payment by post. There are three elements: national (regional) memory, face value and theme pattern.

Name refers to the text printed on the ticket surface to indicate the purpose of issuance. For example, the ticket title of China Ji 1 is "Celebrating the First Plenary Session of China People's Political Consultative Conference". The name is usually determined by the competent postal department.

There are two things that need to be explained: First, the names of some stamps are not printed on the front of stamps, such as 1992 Stone Carving in Qingtian issued by China. Second, some early issuing departments did not determine the name of stamps when they were issued.

In the latter case, the publisher of the stamp catalogue always gives a ticket name according to the pictures and texts, which is convenient for stamp collection and research. Please remember the name of the country (region) or publisher of the postal service printed on the ticket, or their logo.

Usually, words and abbreviations are used to represent country names. For example, stamps issued before 1992 in China are printed with the words "China People's Post" and "China People's Post". Since 1992, stamps issued in English are printed with the words "(China)" and "China Post", and the country name and postal logo are printed separately.

The abbreviation "USA" is used on American stamps, and the abbreviation "CCCP" is used on the stamps of the former Soviet Union to indicate the country name. Stamps are postage certificates issued by countries (regions), and the names of countries (such as China) or regions (such as Hongkong) must be printed.

The UPU has a clear requirement for this, except for Britain, where stamps are represented by the head of the king of England. By identifying stamps, we can know which country (region) or issuer issued them, and then explore the geography, history, currency, language, writing and other knowledge of relevant countries.

What are the early days worth collecting? In 2004 Guardian Spring Auction, a complete set of 1 silver and 25 pieces of 5 silver were sold for 473,000 yuan. Early tickets should be collected by the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China: the price of old stamps issued by the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China has been rising, and the cheapest ordinary Panlong ticket (the market price at that time was a few cents) is now around 10 yuan.

Most notably, "Red Stamp" and "Big Dragon Ticket and Little Dragon Ticket" Red Stamp Stamp "was the most popular ticket in the early days, because it hit record highs in the auction. At present, the price is also rising all the way. The cheapest ticket, which used to be tens of yuan, has now risen to several hundred yuan, nearly tenfold.

A "red tax stamp" is a bill used by the customs. At that time, the country had just started to open postal services, and the customs seal was used to exchange value because it was too late to make it. The original ticket prices ranged from 1 to 5 yuan, and the number of tickets issued was very large, reaching hundreds of thousands.

"Red stamp stamps" can be divided into large stamps and small stamps, and small stamps are much less. The current price of a "red stamp" with large characters 1 yuan is less than 10,000 yuan, while a "red stamp" with small characters 1 yuan will cost more than 2 million yuan.

According to the data, at present, the "red stamp" of 1 yuan has only one small character. Another orphan with a postmark was donated to the country.

"Stamping with red stamps" is sought after by stamp collectors, mainly because it is difficult to imitate technically. At that time, relief printing technology was used, but the current technology can only imitate lithography, so fakes are usually easily seen by experts at a glance.

In addition, the original ticket with a red stamp is very rare, so even if it is not stamped with a red stamp, it is expensive, and there is no need for counterfeiters to stamp the original ticket. Dalong ticket and Xiaolong ticket, also known as customs Dalong ticket, are mainly in three versions: wide-brimmed yellow Dalong ticket, tissue paper Dalong ticket and thick paper Dalong ticket, among which the wide-brimmed yellow Dalong ticket is the most precious, while tissue paper Dalong is the best to collect in complete sets, and the price can reach several thousand yuan.

However, the difficulty of dragon stamp's collection lies in its simple and rough technology and easy imitation. The number of Xiaolong tickets issued is too large to be collected.

Dragon stamp is the first set of stamps issued by 1878 China, and the quality products in dragon stamp can exceed 1,000 yuan. However, experts remind collectors never to wash Xiaolong tickets. Xiaolong ticket is printed on coated paper, and the washed pattern will fade.

6. A little knowledge about stamps, the name, face value and number of holes of the word 100.

1 The pattern is very important. Now all countries use the most representative contents of politics, economy, national defense, science and technology, culture and art, history and geography, natural scenery, precious animals and plants as stamp patterns.

Stamp collectors can acquire rich encyclopedic knowledge by collecting and studying stamp patterns. 2. Stamp appearance: The appearance of a stamp can be measured by the following points: new ticket: the face is complete, without damage or crease, the pattern is correct, the color is bright and does not fade; Perforation complete, no corner; The back glue is intact.

Old tickets: the face is intact, not thin, and the postmark is clear. The postmark is sold in the corner of the stamp, so this stamp is a top grade; Light postmark printing does not damage the appearance of the face, and it is a product of China; There are many special stamps with poor appearance because of the heavy oil postmark, but the stamps carved with Hetian jade are rare. This kind of stamp combines sports culture and materials that are easy to preserve, and it certainly has great potential.