The main attractions of Huang Yu Temple
Jade Emperor Temple's collection of colored sculptures in different periods of Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties has extraordinary ornamental and cultural value. In particular, the colored clay sculptures in the 28th Hall represent the highest achievement of China's ancient sculpture art, which not only has a great influence on the ancient sculptures after the Yuan Dynasty, but also has great significance for the research and development of today's sculpture art. More than 260 Taoist immortal clay sculptures in this period are self-contained and artistically show the Taoist immortal system in China. In particular, the clay sculpture of Erbasu is an orphan in the remains of ancient statues found in China, which reflects the trajectory of the intersection of Chinese and Western sculpture art. It is a strange and wonderful treasure house in Taoist art and has high historical and aesthetic value.
Dongduo Temple is the Sanyuan Temple, commonly known as the Sanyuan Temple, which is dedicated to the Sanyuan God. Sanyuan, also known as the three officials, namely the heaven official, the earth official and the water official, are the three most important gods revered by Shi Tiandao in the late Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties. The statue in the temple is a work of the Song Dynasty, which has lost its original appearance after being reloaded in previous dynasties.
Xiduo Temple is the four temples dedicated to the four saints: the canopy, the sky, the dark evil spirit and the true martial arts. These four saints were four generals of Emperor Wei Zi in the Arctic. They were valued and advocated by the emperor in the Song Dynasty and occupied a prominent position among Taoist gods. Idols were remolded in the Qing Dynasty.
The last three rooms in the east of the backyard are the Thirteen Obsidian Star Hall, dedicated to the Thirteen Samsung Kings. Statues are works of the Ming Dynasty, in which Venus and Mercury are images of young women. Mercury has a beautiful shape and a quiet expression; Venus held the pipa and looked depressed. Three middle schools in Dong Nan are Guandi Hall, dedicated to Guan Shengdi Jun; The next five rooms are dedicated to the silkworm god, and there are many statues, most of which are works of Ming and Qing Dynasties.
The first three rooms in the west of the backyard are the Twelve Chens Hall, which is dedicated to twelve true kings, namely, the gods of Zi, Ugliness, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Shu and Hai. There are figures on the crown worn by each statue, symbolized by rats, cows, tigers, rabbits, dragons, snakes, horses, sheep, monkeys, chickens, dogs and pigs. This group of statues are works of the Yuan Dynasty.
There are eight Anxiaxia temples in Xi, that is, twenty-eight temples.
Sacrifice 28 stars. Twenty-eight constellations were originally used by ancient astronomy in China to observe the longitude and latitude of celestial bodies and the operation of the four seasons. In the early Tang Dynasty, Yuan Tiangang, a five-element scientist, linked the 28 kinds of animals with the 28 kinds of animals, and wrote the sun, moon, gold, wood, water, fire and earth in the name of each star. The name of the constellation changed from one word to three words. The statue of the 28 stars in the Jade Emperor Temple is a combination of figures and animal images, which is the first case in China. This image alone is of great significance to the study of Taoist worship of gods. Its artistic value is more important.
The essence of the temple lies in more than 260 colored sculptures preserved in the whole temple 14 hall. From the Jade Emperor and Putian to Sanyuan, Sisheng, Jiuyao and Twelve Chens; Fengbo has a rain teacher, planting mulberry and raising silkworms, and Zheng Wen has martial arts; There are Gao Qing, Ma Shen, Niu Wang and Liu Wen; It's almost a gathering of people, ghosts, gods and immortals. In addition to these numerous Taoist colored sculptures, there are also a large number of decorative brick carvings, stone carvings, stone tablets and glass components in the temple. Its rich Taoist statues and exquisite sculpture skills are rare in China, and it is a valuable legacy for studying Taoist history and sculpture art.
In the art world of Yuhuang Temple, the highest achievement is the 28-night clay sculpture by Liu Luan, a master of Yuan Dynasty. With rich imagination and intelligence, the author first used 2 1 species of animals identified by Yuan Tiangang, a five-element scientist in the Tang Dynasty, combined with 28 groups of equatorial constellations in astronomy, to observe the movement of celestial bodies, seasonal changes and the orientation of latitude and longitude, and created "virtual grandchildren", "house rabbits" and "house rabbits" with flesh and blood. Among these personified immortals, the kindness of the elderly, the dignity of women, the steadiness of civil servants and the ferocity of soldiers are vividly portrayed. In addition, the posture of the statue itself and the fluttering ribbon of the costume pattern not only fully show the appearance characteristics of the gods, but also make the colorful sculptures in the whole hall have a magnificent and vivid artistic effect. Twenty-eight Nights Color Sculpture is an excellent example of the perfect combination of realism and romanticism in ancient Chinese sculpture art, and it is also unique in China.
The painted sculptures of the Song and Jin Dynasties preserved in the Jade Emperor Hall in the temple also have high artistic value. According to the inscription, there are 1 18 statues in the temple, and now there are more than 50 statues preserved, which are about the jade emperor, Zaifu, courtiers and maids. Most of the ladies' paintings are works of the Song and Jin Dynasties. Maid's headdress, bun and dress are different, with simple and refined modeling, natural clothing texture, delicate face, gentle and elegant behavior and obedient and respectful expression. In the center of the main hall, the main statue is the Jade Emperor, painted gold all over, sitting dangerously, with a serious expression, which is the embodiment of the emperor on earth. On both sides, except for a few Zaifu and courtiers, the rest are ladies-in-waiting. These colorful sculptures are full of human feelings and dilute the religious mystery atmosphere in the Jade Emperor Temple. Maid statue got rid of the norms and constraints of religious myths, and became a true portrayal of court life in China feudal society. According to their posture and hand-held appliances, we can know that they are waiters who serve the daily life of the Jade Emperor, and they are all young women. The headdress and bun are simple and elegant in texture, naturally fit, handsome in appearance, gentle and elegant in manner, and pious and obedient in expression. Its shape, posture and plastic skills can be compared with the painted sculptures of ladies in Notre Dame de Jinci.
inscription on a tablet
There are more than ten stone carvings in Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties outside the temple, which are precious historical materials for studying the history and art of Taoism. In addition, there are Tang Toroni's steles, Song steles, Yuan statues, Ming pavilions, Qing pavilions and other cultural relics. In the courtyard, the double cypresses are beautiful, the papaya is fragrant, and the precious flowers bloom all year round, giving visitors artistic enjoyment.