Brief introduction of Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan railway
Taiyuan: Tongpu Railway, Tailan Railway, Taiyin Railway and Taijiao Railway.
There are also branches such as Xinjing, Fengshan and Baiyin along the line. In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1June, 896), Hu Pinzhi, governor of Shanxi Province, wrote to Emperor Guangxu according to Zhang Zhidong's idea of "using Shanxi Railway", demanding the construction of a railway branch line from Taiyuan to Zhengding, hoping to connect with the railway. In July of that year, this proposal was approved by Emperor Guangxu.
Hu Pinzhi, a native of Tianmen, Hubei Province, became the governor of Shanxi in the 20th year of Guangxu (1894). He made great contributions to Shanxi's modern industry and education, and was also the initiator of Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway. He was removed from his post for transferring part of his mining rights to foreigners (saying that he was involved in the storm of selling minerals).
1in may, 897, the Qing government at that time was powerless, but the governor of Shanxi made a request to the court to borrow money from the Sino-Russian Daosheng Bank to build a road, and the project was formally established after it was approved.
1898 On May 2/KLOC-0, the governor of Shanxi Province sent Cao Zhongyu, Shanxi Provincial Bureau of Commerce, to sign a contract with Pukedi, the agent of Sino-Russian Daosheng Bank, in the Foreign Affairs Office of the Prime Minister in Beijing. In order to reduce the cost, the contract stipulates that the starting point of the eastern end of Zheng Tai Railway will be moved from Zhengding south to Liulinpu (now Liulinpu, Qiaodong District, Shijiazhuang City), with a total length of about 500 miles, a construction period of three years, and a loan of 25 million francs with an annual interest rate of 6%. The principal and interest will be paid off within 25 years. So in history, Shanxi people also called it Tailiu Railway.
After the problem of money was solved, the railway did not start immediately, but encountered new troubles: the newly appointed governor of Shanxi, Yu Xian and Fan, put forward the view that "it is not suitable to build a railway in Shanxi" and asked the Qing government to temporarily stop its operation. At that time, feudal superstition was quite popular, and most people in Shanxi and Hebei thought that building railways would destroy local geomantic omen. However, it was proved afterwards that it was because of the construction of Zheng Tai Railway that Shijiazhuang changed from a village to a leading metropolis in North China Plain.
A wave of unrest, another wave. 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Peking, and the Boxer Rebellion broke out again. Road construction has even been forgotten.
In June, 1902, the Sino-Russian Daosheng Bank Pukedi, based on the previous Liutai contract, urged the opening. On September 7th, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Minister of Railways and Mines ordered the resumption of the study, decided to change the original commercial loan into an official loan, and asked Sheng Xuanhuai, Minister of Affairs of Lu Han Railway Corporation, to conclude a detailed contract with Russian businessmen according to the Lu Han Railway Law. After the throne was presented, Zhu approved it.
19021June15th, Sheng Xuanhuai was ordered to negotiate with Foweilang, head office of Sino-Russian Daosheng Bank in Shanghai. After negotiation, the two sides signed 28 Zheng Tai railway loan contracts and 10 Zheng Tai railway transportation contracts. Finally, a new contract named "1902 China National Railway 5% Loan" was signed, with a total loan of 40 million francs and an annual interest rate of 5%. "The whole railway will be completed within three years".
1903 In February, when the Zheng Tai Railway was about to start construction, officials of the Qing government found that the French wanted to use narrow gauge. Immediately raised an objection. On the other hand, Pukedi insisted on adopting narrow gauge on the pretext of "dangerous terrain and arduous project" on Zheng Tai Road. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Sheng Xuanhuai regard Zheng Tai as a branch of Lu Han, so they should "connect in one breath" and insist on broadening the track. After investigation by the French General Engineering Bureau, it is proposed that "if the track is widened, 1 100 million francs will be borrowed". However, the Sino-Russian Daosheng Bank resolutely stopped lending, and the two sides held each other for a year. Finally, the Qing government gave in.
In order to further reduce the cost, Mr. Espani, the chief engineer of France, asked the railway to straighten the line after entering the plain and move the starting point of the eastern end from Liulin Bonan to Zhentou Station (now Shijiazhuang Station).
It was not until February 1904 that the contract, which had been delayed for five years, was officially fulfilled and Zheng Tai Railway was ready to start construction. After the Russo-Japanese War, Russia was defeated. Due to the large amount of war reparations involved, the creditor's rights were transferred to BNP Paribas, and then the construction rights and creditor's rights of Shitai Railway were subcontracted to the French. At the beginning, the French also adopted the principle of "saving". First, the narrow gauge was advocated, and then, in order to avoid the Hutuo River Bridge, the starting point of the railway was proposed to be moved from Liulinpo South to Zhentou Town (also known as Zhentou, now the old station in Shijiazhuang).
1904, but the Qing government compromised, and the Zheng Tai Railway started in May of that year. It is worth mentioning that although it is a loan, most of them were built by China people, except for the two sections from Shijiazhuang to Linglvling and Feilv Ridge to Xiapanshi, which were contracted by the French. China Minjian actually participated in the design and survey of Zheng Tai Railway, and undertook the construction of all bridges, tunnels and all ancillary buildings. 1907 10, Zheng Tai railway was completed, which lasted three and a half years. After completion, the total length of the line is 243 kilometers, with 35 stations, 23 tunnels, more than 0,200 bridges and 65,438 tunnels, and the longest tunnel is 640 meters.
The completion and opening to traffic of Zhengzhou-Taiyuan Railway, which experienced hardships, made Shanxi bid farewell to the history of no railway. The land of Sanjin rumbled into the first train representing industrial civilization and speed, and a traffic revolution that changed people's lives and promoted social progress began. In the 25 years since it was opened to traffic, the Shitai Railway has been operated by BNP Paribas.
In March 1932, the French government paid off all the principal and interest of the loan generated by the construction of the railway and demanded to recover the right to operate. However, China used various excuses to delay and even asserted that China people could not manage such a railway. After the resolute struggle between Zheng Tai Railway Reception Committee and 3,000 front-line railway workers, France was forced to return the right of way on 1933, and it was officially owned by Nanjing National Government on125 of the same year.
1June, 935, in order to commemorate the victory of the return of railway rights and commend the achievements of Director Wang and Director Zhu, railway workers donated money to build a memorial pavilion and named it "Maohuating". 1937 After the July 7th Incident, the Japanese invaded North China on a large scale, and in March of the following year, the Zheng Tai Railway was occupied by the Japanese.
In order to meet the needs of military transportation and plundering Shanxi resources, technical transformation was carried out from1938165438+10 to 1939 65438+ 10, and the narrow gauge used by Zheng Tai Railway was changed to quasi-gauge, and it was renamed as Shitai Railway. During June1940-1941February, Shide Railway was completed by surprise, and Jinpu Railway (beijing-shanghai railway) and Pinghan Railway (Beijing-Guangzhou Railway) were connected together.
The Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway under the rule of the Japanese aggressors became the blockade of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei anti-Japanese base area. 1On the night of August 20th, 940, the Jinchaji Military Region129th Division and120th Division, under the unified command of the Eighth Route Army Headquarters, launched a campaign focusing on attacking Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway, which was part of the Hundred Regiments War. During the Anti-Japanese War, Shitai Railway was often demolished, built and destroyed for a period of time. 1945, Japanese imperialism surrendered, and Chiang Kai-shek provoked a civil war in August of the following year. In order to cooperate with the China People's Liberation Army in fighting against the enemy, residents in the liberated areas along the railway launched an all-round struggle to destroy the railway.
1947165438+1October, except for the 4-station 25-kilometer line between Taiyuan and Yuci, which barely maintained operation, all the lines along the Shitai Railway were liberated.
1948 Aug 16 In order to support the liberation of Taiyuan, Shijiazhuang Railway Bureau actively repaired the line between Yangquan and Yuci of Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway, and resumed traffic on 12+00. 1in April, 949, the entire Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan railway was reopened to traffic, and then the battle of Taiyuan ended. 1950 65438+1October 18, all six wooden bridges between Shijiazhuang and Yangquan on Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway were changed into steel beam bridges.
After the founding of New China, in order to improve Shanxi's coal transportation capacity, the Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway was technically reformed in stages from September 195 1. By 198 1 year 65438+February 18, the reconstruction project of Taiyuan East Station was completed and put into use, and the Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan double-track line was fully connected.
1in April, 1974, the state approved the electrification transformation of Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway to meet the needs of coal transportation growth in Shanxi. The Ministry of Railways set up the Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway Engineering Command to review the design and organize the construction.
Shijiazhuang-Yangquan section started construction in May, 1975, started trial operation on September 9, and 1980 was put into operation in February. Yangquan-Taiyuan section started in May, 1978, and was put into operation on September 28th, 1982. The opening ceremony was held on September 29th, and it was put into operation on June 30th. 10. The first double-track electrified railway in China was opened to traffic from Shijiazhuang to Taiyuan North. This transformation completed the electrification transformation of Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway and became the first double-track electrified railway in China.
Therefore, the transportation efficiency has been significantly improved. Compared with before electrification, the transportation volume has doubled to more than 40 million tons, the traction quota has increased from 2,200 tons to 3,500 tons, and the average traction weight has increased by 53.2%, which has played an important role in Shanxi coal transportation.
Entering the 2nd1century, especially since the establishment of taiyuan railway administration on March 8th, 2005, Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway has achieved ten landmark achievements through the large-scale construction of safety standard lines: comprehensive strengthening of line foundation, obvious strengthening of signal equipment, effective rectification of power supply facilities, technical monitoring of train service, brand-new platform and station building, obvious improvement of public security environment, obvious strengthening of basic management, comprehensive improvement of team quality, and continuous and stable safety production. The century-old Shitai Railway is full of youth and a brand-new look. Representatives of Shanxi Provincial People's Congress and CPPCC successively observed the achievements of railway construction, which were highly praised by the Ministry of Railways, Shanxi Provincial Party Committee and provincial government.
By 2006, Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway had an average daily passenger train 13 pairs, with an annual passenger volume of 4.57 million passengers, from the initial annual freight volume of 3 10000 tons to the current annual freight volume of 69 million tons and 220 times. At present, Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway has entered an overloaded state due to the increasing passenger flow and logistics.
On the morning of June 28th, 2005, the unveiling ceremony of Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Passenger Dedicated Line Co., Ltd., jointly built by the Ministry of Railways, Hebei Province and Shanxi Province, was held in Beijing. Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan (former) passenger dedicated line was started in June, 2005 1 1 at the junction of Nanliang and Taihang Mountain tunnels at the junction of Hebei and Shanxi. This is the first dedicated passenger line since the promulgation of the Medium and Long-term Railway Network Planning. After it was completed at the end of 2008, the train travel time from Shijiazhuang to Taiyuan was shortened from 6 hours to 1 hour, which marked a large scale in China. (Main entrance: Shitai Passenger Dedicated Line)
Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Passenger Dedicated Line, the earliest high-speed railway in China, was officially opened to traffic on April 1 2009. This railway crossing Taihang Mountain makes Shijiazhuang, Hebei and Taiyuan, Shanxi reach 1 hour, and Taiyuan and Beijing reach 3 hours, which is about 4 hours and 5 hours shorter than before. Its completion and opening to traffic opened the "high-speed railway era" in China.