This paper attempts to introduce Jiangnan area from the perspectives of culture, history, geography, climate and economy.
Administrative district name
1. Road name. As one of the ten ways of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty, the name of Jiangnan first appeared in the historical administrative divisions of China. Jiangnan Road governs Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan and other provinces, south of the Yangtze River in Jiangsu and Anhui, part of Jiangnan in Hubei, Sichuan and Chongqing, and northeast of Guizhou. In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (AD 733), there were two roads: East Road ruled Suzhou (now Suzhou), and now it governs southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. West Road governs Hongzhou (now Nanchang), Hunan Xiangshui, Zishui Valley and the area west of the host city. To the west of Yuanshui River Basin, it is divided into Guizhou Middle Road.
2. Name of the road. One of the fifteenth roads from Song to Dao. Jurisdiction over jiangning house (now Nanjing). Jurisdiction over Jiangxi province, south of Jiangsu Yangtze River, west of Zhenjiang, damao mountain and Changdang Lake, south of Anhui Yangtze River, and Yangxin and Tongshan counties in Hubei. Tianxi four years (1020), divided into east and west roads; East Road governs jiangning house, west of Anhui, south of Yangtze River, Zhenjiang of Jiangsu, damao mountain of Jiangxi, and east of Changdang Lake and Poyang Lake. West Road governs Hongzhou, Poyang Lake in Jiangxi, all places west of yingtan-Xiamen railway line, Yangxin and Tongshan counties in Hubei.
3. Ancient provincial names. In the second year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1645), it was changed to Nanzhili in Ming Dynasty. Jurisdiction over jiangning house (now Nanjing). Kangxi six years (1667), divided into Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. But for a long time after the enfeoffment, the two provinces were customarily called jiangnan province. It should be pointed out that the province includes a large area of northern Jiangsu and Huaibei.
[Edit this paragraph] Historical origin
Jiangnan in history
There was a saying of Jiangnan in the pre-Qin period. Until the Sui Dynasty, the Central Plains was still the center of geographical coordinates, and Jiangnan often referred to Hunan and Jiangxi. The establishment of Jiangnan Road in Tang Dynasty was later divided into Jiangnan East Road, Jiangnan West Road and Guizhou Middle Road, which became the beginning of defining the meaning of modern Jiangnan. Later, Jiangdong became the proper name of Jiangnan (that is, small Jiangnan or narrow Jiangnan), and Jiangnan Road became wide Jiangnan (that is, big Jiangnan).
The evolution of administrative regions named after "Jiangnan" in history is as follows: before the Tang Dynasty, the area referred to by the word Jiangnan included Jiangnan and the vast areas along the Yangtze River, including Jingzhou (southeastern Hubei, Hunan) and Yangzhou (southern Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian, southern Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang). Emperor Taizong established Jiangnan Road, covering the whole middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, south of the Yangtze River and Guizhou and Fujian. Tang Xuanzong subdivided Jiangnan Road into Jiangnan West Road (southeastern Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi, southern Anhui) and Jiangnan East Road (Fujian, southern Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang). Jiangnan West Road (most of Jiangxi, southeastern Hubei) and Jiangnan East Road (northeastern Jiangxi, southern Anhui and Nanjing) were established in the Song Dynasty. The provinces in the south of the Yangtze River were established in the early Qing Dynasty (1645- 1667), but they included a large area in the north of the Yangtze River. Later, it was divided into Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province.
Jiangnan in a narrow sense and Jiangnan in a broad sense
Jiangnan in a broad sense refers to the whole Jiangnan area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, that is, Jiangnan Road excluding southern Hunan, southwestern Jiangxi, Guizhou and Fujian. Including the narrow sense of Jiangnan, the north of Jiangxi, the south of the Yangtze River in Hubei and the north of Hunan. But some areas in Fujian are sometimes called Jiangnan. Jiangnan in a broad sense was widely used in ancient times, for example, Du Fu wrote "Meet Li Guinian and Go Down the River" in Changsha. Jiangnan in a broad sense is also used in modern times. For example, Jiangnan in weather forecast refers to Jiangnan in a broad sense; The three famous buildings in Jiangnan (Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Yueyang Tower in Yueyang and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang) refer to Jiangnan in a broad sense.
Jiangnan, now in a narrow sense, refers to the area beautified by literati. That is, except Fujian Province and southern Zhejiang Province, Jiangnan East Road takes Nanjing to Suzhou as the center, including parts of Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province and Zhejiang Province south of the Yangtze River, namely southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang, southern Anhui and northern Jiangxi.
Meteorological geographical division of Jiangnan
Description of the division of meteorological geographical areas at the national level:
Jiangnan region: Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai and northern Fujian (extending eastward from Nanling).
Description of National Secondary Meteorological Geographical Division:
Jiangnan area: The north-south basic Zhejiang-Jiangxi and Hunan-Guizhou railway lines are divided into south and north, and the east and west are basically divided into east, middle and west by the north-south extension line between northeast Jiangxi Province and Zhejiang and the boundary line between Jiangxi and Hunan.