Why is it not cold in Moscow?

Moscow is located near 55 N, and the average temperature in10.2℃ in October and 18. 1℃ in July. Harbin is located near 45 N, with the average temperature of-13.2℃ to -24.8℃ in June and 18. 1℃ to 22.8℃ in July. The latitude difference between the two places is 10, but the average temperature in winter and summer is not much different. The main reasons are:

(1) Moscow is affected by the warm and humid westerly airflow from the Atlantic Ocean in winter. Although the latitude is high, the temperature will not be very low in winter. Although the latitude of Harbin in China is slightly lower, it is close to the source of the winter monsoon in Eurasia, with a large cooling range, and the average temperature in winter is slightly lower than that in Moscow.

(2) In summer, the direct sunlight point is located in the northern hemisphere, and the latitude of Moscow is high. Although the height of the sun at noon is smaller than that in Harbin, the day is longer and more solar radiation heat is obtained on the surface. Although the sun height in Harbin, China is higher than that in Moscow at noon, it is shorter than that in Moscow during the day. The solar radiation heat obtained on the ground is close to that in Moscow, and the average temperature is close.