Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Technology for raising loaches in cement ponds

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Using cement ponds to breed loaches can achieve better breeding benefits. Therefore, it is obvious whether raising loaches in cement ponds is good or not. The existence of a breeding model has its own value. If it is not good, it will inevitably be eliminated by society.

Technology of raising loaches in cement pools

1. Construction of cement pools

The cement pool should be 17 meters long, 4 meters wide and 1 meter high. The bottom of the pool must have a certain slope. Leave 12 square meters at the lower end, which is 20 cm lower than other places, as a fish pit to facilitate fishing. A sewage pipe should be set up, and a defense escape net should be set up around the sewage pipe. The water inlet pipe is placed in the middle of the other end. Each pool is equipped with two 1-square-meter food tables. The outer frames are welded with steel bars and sewn with 40-60 mesh mesh. After the new cement pool is built, soak it in water for 1 week with 2kg of black powdery phosphate fertilizer per square meter for dealkalization.

2. Seedling release

3 to 5 days before seedling release, drain the phosphate fertilizer water, replace with new water, disinfect and adjust the water, and then release seedlings. Choose 100 to 400 disease-free and injury-free loach seedlings per kilogram, and put 700 kilograms per acre. After the loach seedlings enter the pond, keep the water flowing slightly at night and remove the injured loach seedlings every morning.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Techniques for raising loaches in cement ponds

3. Sterilization and disinfection

Soak the seedlings in 4 ml of salt water for about 15 minutes before planting them in the pond. Common diseases of loach mainly include printing disease and tail rot. Use quicklime and dibromohydantoin with water and splash the whole pond once every 15 days. Prevent snakes, rats and other predators from invading at ordinary times.

4. Daily management

Drain sewage and change water regularly every day, maintain micro-flow water from evening to morning at sunrise, and regularly use compound microbial preparations to adjust water quality.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Technology for raising loaches in cement ponds

5. Feeding

It is best to use special compound feed for loaches or feed sterile fly maggots. The daily feeding amount is 3 to 8% of the body weight of the loach in the pond, 70% from 8 to 9 am, and 30% from around 4 pm. If the water temperature exceeds 30℃, reduce the amount of feeding. Feed is placed on the food table.

Benefit analysis of raising loaches in cement ponds

The construction fee of cement ponds is 500 yuan per mu per year, and 700 kilograms of seedlings are used per mu, which is 12 yuan per kilogram, totaling 8,400 yuan. The cost is 2,400 yuan, disease prevention fee is 400 yuan, water and electricity fee is 200 yuan, and fishing gear fee is 1,000 yuan. The total investment cost per mu is about 12,900 yuan. The yield of loach is 1,000 kilograms per mu, the price is 20 yuan per kilogram, and the output value is 20,000 yuan. After subtracting the cost, the profit per mu is 7,100 yuan.

Proposal for raising loaches in rural cement ponds

In rural areas, using the open space in front of and behind the house to build cement ponds to raise loaches can save land, facilitate management, and achieve better economic benefits. The relevant technologies are now introduced as follows:

Cement pool

Cement pools can be built into underground, above-ground or semi-above-ground types. The pool wall is best built with 24cm brick walls. The bottom of the pool is first made with "sanhe soil", then a layer of 5-10cm concrete is poured, and the inner and outer walls and bottom are smoothed with cement. According to the terrain, it can be built into a rectangular or circular shape, with an area of ​​about 50-200m2, a pool depth of 1.0-1.2m, and a water depth of 0.5-0.7m. A rectangular pool is easy to build and is convenient for pulling the net. The bottom of the pool should have a certain slope toward the short side (2-3). The circular pool has strong sewage discharge capacity, and the center of the bottom is the lowest point of the entire pool. Since the loach is light-proof, a sunshade net should be built on the cement pool to also play a cooling role in the hot summer.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Technology for raising loaches in cement ponds

Drainage and Irrigation Facilities

The requirements for the drainage and irrigation facilities are that they must be able to drain the pond water by themselves and add new water in a timely manner. Set a drainage outlet at the lowest point of the pool. The diameter of the drainage outlet is 10-20cm. It is covered with a barrel-shaped filter screen with a diameter of 60-80cm and a height of 1.0-1.2m. This not only avoids affecting drainage due to adsorption of dirt, but also does not cause damage. fish. A movable vertical garden pipe can be set up at the drainage outlet outside the pool. The pool water is discharged from the upper part of the pipe. The height of the pipe is the depth of the pool water. The height of the pipe can be designed according to needs. Pull out the pipe from the drain outlet to drain the pool water.

The water inlet should be higher than the water surface of the pool. If the water source is surface water, the water inlet should be covered with a filter. If it is groundwater, there should be an aeration process when adding water so that the groundwater can be warmed and oxygenated. The filter mesh is 2mm.

Preparation work before stocking

Before the new cement pool is used for the first time, it needs to be soaked in clean water for more than 15 days. Loach seedlings can be released after "testing the water" and showing that it is harmless. Before using the cement pool, wash the pool clean with clean water, expose it to the sun for 4-5 days, and then spray the entire pool with disinfectant such as bleaching powder (20g/m3) or sodium trichloroisocyanurate (5-10g/m2) for disinfection. Drain the disinfectant after 24 hours and add 50-70cm of new water. Loach seedlings can be planted after 10 days.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Techniques for raising loaches in cement ponds

Free-range stocking

The breeding cycle of loaches is generally 5-9 months, with current-year seedlings (artificially bred seedlings) being grown directly and alternate-year seedlings (wild seedlings) Develop two forms. The fish species that are stocked must be strictly screened to ensure that they are disease-free and injury-free, active and healthy, and have the same size as possible.

Disinfection of loach seedlings

When disinfecting with salt water, because the salt solution has a strong stimulating effect on the loach, the loach secretes a large amount of mucus, which is not conducive to the survival of the loach, so it is recommended to use high manganese Disinfect with potassium acid solution, the dosage is 10-20 mg/L, and soak in the bath for 5-10 minutes.

Stocking of loach seedlings

Due to the high tolerance of loach to low oxygen, its stocking density can be designed according to the upper limit of the buffer degree of the water body in spring. This is the reason for the high density of loach. One of the basis for breeding. The stocking size of seedlings in the current year is 3-5cm, and the density is 200-300/m3; the stocking size of seedlings in the next year is 6-8cm, and the density is 100-200/m3.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Technology for raising loaches in cement ponds

Feed and feeding

You can buy special loach feed (expanded pellets and sinking pellets), or you can process it yourself. Reference formula: fish meal 10-15, soybean meal 25-20, peanut cake 20, rapeseed meal 5, brewer's yeast 5, puffed corn flour 35, plus 0.2 salt, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2, additives.

Feeding

The 100m2 pond is equipped with 3-4 feed stations. The area of ​​the feed table is about 1m2, and there should be a vertical edge of about 10cm around it to prevent the feed balls from being thrown into the water by loaches. The feed table should be sunk into the water about 20cm. Loach seedlings can be fed on the 2nd day after entering the pond. Mix the powdery compound feed into a soft ball and place it on the feed table. If possible, mince the animal feed and mix it in (about 40 loach seedlings, 20 medium loach loach, and about 5 adult loach). Feeding should be done "four times", feeding three times a day, 6:00, 13:00, and 20:00. The daily feeding amount is calculated based on 3-7 of the total weight of loaches in the pond, and should be increased or decreased in a timely manner according to the season, weather, and eating conditions. It is appropriate to ensure that there is no residual bait after 1 hour of feeding. When wild seedlings are stocked, the feeding amount should be 50% of the normal amount within 1 week after stocking, and they should be fed as normal after they are acclimated and adapted.

Change the water

Change the water once every 7 days in spring and autumn, and the amount of water changed each time is 1/3-1/2 of the pool water. In summer, change the water once every 3 days, each time The water change volume should be 1/5-1/4 of the pool water, and the bottom sewage should be completely drained.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Technology for raising loaches in cement ponds

Light and temperature control

Sunlight is needed in spring and autumn, and shade is needed in summer. The water temperature should be controlled below 30℃, preferably no more than 28℃. The control method is to set up a sunshade net above the pool and add new water. When adding new water, pay attention to the amount and temperature of the new water to avoid the water temperature changing by more than 5°C before and after changing the water.

Control of harmful algae

Green mud moss is a common harmful algae in loach ponds. It often grows on pond walls, filters, and feed tables, competing with water plankton for nutrients and entangling them. Loaches ruin the water quality. Once discovered it must be removed. It can be removed by splashing 0.7×10-6 copper sulfate into the entire pool.

Observe the feeding situation

When feeding feed every day, you should observe the gathering and feeding status of loaches, observe their growth, take samples once every 10-15 days, and randomly check the growth rate and feed coefficient of loaches. In order to adjust the daily feeding amount and feed formula.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Techniques for raising loaches in cement ponds

Pond patrol

Inspect the pond every morning, noon and evening, remove diseased loaches in a timely manner, remove residual bait and debris, and try to detect problems as early as possible and solve them as early as possible , and keep records.

Disinfection

Disinfect the breeding pond and loach seedlings before stocking. Sprinkle the entire pool with quicklime (20g/m3) or chlorine dioxide (0.15g/m3) every 15-20 days to maintain a good environment, and frequently clean and disinfect the food table.

Pharmaceutical bait

Feed medicinal bait once a month. The drug is allicin or liver-protecting and Jieduning. Feeding for 3-6 days each time can clear away heat, detoxify and strengthen the loach. Physique, prevent enteritis.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Techniques for raising loaches in cement ponds

Saprolegniasis

Use saprolegniacin 0.15-0.30g/m3 and sprinkle it throughout the pond, once a day for 3 days.

Print disease

Spill 0.15-0.20g/m3 of bromochlorohydantoin into the whole pool, once a day for 2 days.

Fin rot disease

Povidone-iodine 0.45-0.75g/m3 is poured into the whole pool once and then used once every other day.

Is it good to raise loaches in cement ponds? Techniques for raising loaches in cement ponds

Parasite diseases

Spill the entire pond with a mixture of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate (5:2) at a concentration of 0.7×10-6. Or pour crystalline trichlorfon into the entire pool at a concentration of 0.5-1.0g/m3.