The best planting time for autumn corn is specific
High-yield planting methods of autumn corn
1. Variety selection: Choose varieties with short growth period, wide adaptability, strong disease resistance, beautiful ear shape, and good fresh fruit taste. Such as Yu Nuo series, Su Yu series, Jingke Nuo series and other varieties.
2. Planting density: Generally, dense planting is required, with a row spacing of 1 meter, a nest spacing of 0.33-0.38 meters, a nest of two plants, and 3500-4000 plants per mu.
3. Sowing: Autumn corn is generally sown in late July, and the latest sowing time is no later than mid-August. In high-altitude areas, it is better to sow as early as mid-July. (1) Large-area production generally uses germination and live broadcast technology. About 1.5 kilograms of seeds per mu should be planted. Soak the seeds for 2-3 hours, use a wet towel or wet sand to moisturize and accelerate germination. The seeds can be sown as soon as they appear. 2-3 seeds are sown for direct seeding per litter. During the sowing period of autumn vegetables and corn, the temperature is high and the seeds emerge quickly. The seedlings can emerge 3-5 days after sowing. The seedlings can be established after 10 days of emergence. Two plants are left in each nest. (2) Plastic floppy disk seedling transplanting technology. Use a special plastic floppy disk for corn seedlings with 50-100 holes each. The seedbed is 1.2-1.5 meters wide. The bottom of the bed is flat and compacted. The nutrient soil is 70% fertile and loose vegetable garden soil, mixed with 30% high-quality farmyard manure and 1- 3% phosphate fertilizer, mix well and sieve, then add appropriate amount of human and animal manure water to pile for retting. Place the floppy disk in the prepared seedbed, with the bottom of the pot close to the bed, and then spread the prepared nutrient soil into the holes of the floppy disk (fill three-quarters of the disk hole), sow 2 full seeds in each hole, and use Fill the hole of the tray with nutrient soil, fill the gaps around the seedling tray and between the seedling trays with fine soil, pour enough water, and finally lay a layer of wet straw or build a sunshade mesh. The moisture content of the seedbed shall be determined if the soil is not dry and white. After the seedlings emerge, remove the covering in time to promote growth. When the seedlings grow to two to three leaves, they will be transplanted to the field.
4. Straw covering. Rice straw mulching is promoted during autumn sowing in rice fields to resist drought and protect seedlings. If there is severe drought after emergence to heading and flowering, use clear manure water to resist drought and protect the seedlings.
5. Formulated fertilization. Corn is a fertilizer-tolerant crop, and sufficient fertilizer and water is important for establishing a high-yield shelf and obtaining high yields. The general fertilization principle for autumn vegetables and corn is: apply sufficient base fertilizer, lightly apply seedling fertilizer, appropriate joint fertilizer, and heavy application of bract fertilizer. The base fertilizer is 2,000 kilograms of soil residue fertilizer + 15 kilograms of urea per mu or 30 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate + 30-35 kilograms of superphosphate or 40 kilograms of 35% corn special fertilizer per mu and is applied into the sowing furrow. After emergence, use 5 kg of urea per mu and 2,000 kg of clear manure water to lift the seedlings. After entering the jointing stage, use 10 kg of urea or 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per mu mixed with 2,000 kg of clear manure water for top dressing. Corn enters the big bell mouth stage, that is, 40-50 days after sowing, fertilization is applied again. Use 30 kilograms of urea or 80 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate per mu plus 5 kilograms of potassium fertilizer and 2,000 kilograms of clear manure water.
6. Prevent and control pests and diseases. Corn borer prevention and control should be focused on based on the pest and disease forecasts of the plant protection department, and the appropriate period for prevention and control is during the trumpet stage. You can use Bacillus thuringiensis wettable powder, 1% emamectin benzoate emulsifiable concentrate mixed with fine sand, or use insecticidal double granules and mix them evenly and spread them into the heart leaves. Pay attention to stop using pesticides 7 to 10 days before harvesting to avoid excessive pesticide residues.
7. Artificial assisted pollination. During the autumn vegetable and corn pollination period, the temperature is unstable, and the males and females are often uncoordinated. In addition, there are more autumn rains, so natural pollination is not ideal, so artificial pollination should be strengthened. Reduce bald tips and achieve high yields. After most of the plant filaments have been ejected, mixed pollen is collected and artificially pollinated twice. Improve the fruiting rate. At the same time, remove the male flowers that have dispersed from time to time to enhance light and permeability and reduce pests and diseases.
8. Harvest at the right time. Generally, the harvesting period of autumn corn is 30 to 35 days after pollination. If harvested too early, there will be insufficient grain filling, insufficient waxiness, and low yield. If harvested too late, it will lack fresh flavor.