Cultivation and management of Yantai big cherry
(1) Choose the land with deep, fertile and good permeability, and loam and sandy loam are the best.
(2) Choose neutral soil. The suitable PH value of big cherry is between 6.0 and 7.5, and too much acid and alkali will cause poor growth of big cherry.
(3) Big cherry is afraid of late frost and water accumulation. Therefore, to develop big cherry, we should choose a place with high terrain and good ventilation and drainage. Big cherry is a shallow-rooted tree species, which is easily blown down by strong winds in rainy season. When building a garden, it is necessary to avoid the wind outlet area.
(4) There should be good water sources and necessary irrigation facilities. Before germination, the whole tree should be sprayed with Pomei 5 degree stone sulfur mixture once.
Spraying preventive drugs began around June 10. It can be used as imported thiophanate methyl, 50% carbendazim produced in Shanghai, Sheng Da M-45, mancozeb, etc.
In late June and late July, the leaves are sprayed with Bordeaux solution 200 times as much as lime, and the Bordeaux solution is sprayed 2-3 times a year. Pests mainly prevent red spiders and white spiders. In addition, we should also pay attention to the green blind stinkbug, the small roller moth, the leaf miner, the thorn moth and so on. It can also be used to treat leaf-eating pests such as spiny moth.
Spraying Bomei 3-5 degree lime-sulfur mixed solution before and after plastic film mulching, and spraying 70 times solution of 70% mancozeb or 50% carbendazim 65438+700 times solution 0-2 times after fruit harvesting.
In July and August, spray 200 times of Bordeaux mixture, and spray 2-3 times with lime equivalent. Spraying pyrethroids in larval stage to control caterpillars and caterpillars. Artificial pollination or bee release in orchard (bee release per hectare 15 boxes) can be carried out in flowering period. A. Artificial pollination: collected new pollen or stored pollen can be used for point pollination. The simplest method is to brush different varieties with a feather duster and pollinate each other.
B, releasing bees: releasing bees or wallbees in flowering period. But the temperature in the shed is high, otherwise the activity ability of bees is low and the pollination efficiency is poor. Virus disease is an important disease that affects the yield, quality and longevity of big cherry. The main prevention and control methods are:
Cherry with strong antiviral ability (1) was selected as rootstock.
(2) Strictly check the nursery seedlings to prevent poisoning seedlings.
(3) Soaking seedling roots with (K84) biological pesticide to prevent root cancer.
(4) removing plants with mosaic and wrinkled leaves.
(5) Cultivate moldy seedlings.
(6) Selecting non-toxic and robust mother trees as scions. Cherry trees are most afraid of waterlogging and lodging, which is very harmful to cherry production, will weaken the tree potential and cause gummosis, and even die branches. There are many windy days in the rainy season in coastal areas, which can cause waterlogging and lodging at the same time, and the losses are more serious. Therefore, to cultivate cherry trees, we must do a good job in flood control and lodging prevention. Secondly, it should be used in medicine.
In traditional Chinese medicine, the medicinal value of cherry is widely recorded: "Cherry is sweet and astringent, which can regulate middle energizer. Eating more can beautify your face and make your face beautiful. " In addition, it also has the function of "treating human defects, invigorating the spirit and moistening the skin". There are many prescriptions for the treatment of cherries: in ancient times, cherries were put into jars, sealed from the air, buried underground, and taken out a year later to become juice. When measles is prevalent, give its juice to children to prevent infection. When suffering from tinea sweating, the cherry is mashed and the juice is applied to the affected area, and the effect is remarkable. Cherry juice has a unique effect on burns. Squeezing cherry juice, often applied to the burned area, can immediately relieve pain, prevent suppuration, avoid wound infection and relieve pain. The medicinal value of cherry stone should not be underestimated. For patients with goiter, grinding cherry stones and smearing them with vinegar can play a certain role in relieving treatment. Nuclear: Xin, Ping.
Ye: Gan, Ping.
Nuclear: clearing heat and penetrating rash. Used for measles.
Leaf: detoxify through rash. Used for measles; Topical medicine for treating poisonous snake bite. Nuclear 1 ~ 3 money; 0.5 ~ 1 2 of leaves, with appropriate amount for external use, mashed and applied to the affected area.