Bai architectural culture, Bai Zhaobi culture

Screen walls mostly appeared in courtyard houses in the past. They were very popular in the Ming Dynasty. Almost every large household had to build a screen wall. And now it can be seen in some temples. In Feng Shui, building a screen wall can block evil spirits.

So, let’s take a look at Bai culture with me!

In Dali and Eryuan areas, the most common Bai farmhouses are three squares and one screen wall. The decorations on the screen wall occupy the most important and prominent central position in residential buildings. The screen wall is located directly in front of the main room, facing the main room, and has a symmetrical "convex" shape with a high center and low sides. The top of the wall is covered with green tiles, and the four corners are slightly raised. The entire screen wall is painted white with lime as the base color. Under the eaves and on the left and right sides of the wall, dark thin bricks are often used to frame rectangular, circular or fan-shaped picture frames, and the picture frames are alternately connected. In the frame, auspicious birds and beasts, flowers, birds, insects, fish, landscape figures, pines, bamboos, orchids and plums are painted in colored or light ink, and famous quotes from Tang poetry and Song lyrics are written. From a distance, it looks like a lace border on the screen wall. In the middle of the screen wall, there is either a round piece of colored flowers or black and white marble, or a big word "福" written on it, or some have four big black characters on it, which are clear and bright, and add color to the courtyard.

The content of the four big characters can be roughly divided into three categories:

The first category is to express wishes, such as "luck, longevity, health," "life and prosperity," etc.;

< p>The second category is to describe the scenery, highlighting the scenes around the houses, such as: "Yu'er silver green", "Colorful Yunnan appears", "Lianquan gives water" and "He Qinghaiyan", etc.;

Another category is quoting allusions, which is the most particular. The allusion should be related to the surname of the owner of the house, and the things in the allusion should be praised by people and be glorified by the people with that surname. For example, the person surnamed Li was inscribed "Purple Air Comes from the East", the person surnamed Ma was inscribed "Jiangzhang Family Sound", the Zhou family was inscribed "Lianxi Shidi", the Wang family was inscribed "Sanhuai Liufang", and the Zhang family was inscribed "Bainen Family Sound" ", the surname Zhao is inscribed with "priceless" or "the sound of the Qinhe family", some with the surname Yang are inscribed with "the first generation in Guanxi", and some are inscribed with "innocent family heirloom". The so-called "shidi" refers to the house where the ancestors have lived for generations, and the so-called "family reputation" refers to the prestige and reputation of the family name.

"Purple air comes from the east" refers to Laozi Li Er. Legend has it that at the end of the Zhou Dynasty, I rode a green ox west out of Hangu Pass. Yin Xi, the general guarding the pass, saw that I was surrounded by purple energy. He guessed that he was an extraordinary person, so he warmly received him. Because of Yin Xi's thoughtful service and respectful attitude, Lao Tzu thought that this son could be taught, so he taught him his five thousand words "Tao Te Ching".

The "Jiangzhang" in "Jiangzhang Family Sound" is the layout of the lecture venue of the great Confucian Ma Rong of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Ma Rong, courtesy name Ji Chang, was born in Maoling, Fufeng, Eastern Han Dynasty. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" said that he was "talented and knowledgeable, a well-known Confucian scholar in the world, and educated many living beings, often numbering thousands." Ma Rong is a person who "is self-willed and does not adhere to Confucian ethics. He often sits in a high hall, lays out a gauze curtain, teaches students in front of him, and performs female music in the back."

"Lianxi" in "Lianxi Shidi" " refers to Zhou Dunyi, a Neo-Confucian scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhou Dunyi, a native of Daozhou in the Northern Song Dynasty, lived above Lianxi River for a long time, so he named himself Lianxi and was known as "Mr. Lianxi" in the world. He was the founder of Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty and the world-famous "Ailian Theory" was written by Mr. Zhou.