China Naming Network - Solar terms knowledge - What is the planting method of Pogostemon cablin? What are the precautions for the cultivation of Pogostemon cablin?

What is the planting method of Pogostemon cablin? What are the precautions for the cultivation of Pogostemon cablin?

What is the planting method of Pogostemon cablin? What are the precautions for planting Pogostemon cablin? First of all, Pogostemon cablin is propagated by seeds. It can be propagated with leafy and high-quality Pogostemon cablin or perennial roots. After collecting seeds, let the old roots of Pogostemon cablin overwinter in the same place. After the new seedlings were unearthed in the second spring, the old Pogostemon cablin and the new seedlings were moved to the field to grow new whole grass.

Second, the planting method:

1, seed planting:

Spring sowing in the north is carried out in the middle and late April, and the sowing method is sowing or drilling. Before sowing, 2.5 ~ 3 kilograms of decomposed human and animal manure should be applied to every square meter of seedbed, and the bed surface should be wetted as base fertilizer, and carefully leveled and raked before sowing.

Sowing: mix the seeds with fine sand or plant ash, spread them evenly on the border, and gently pat the border with a thin plate to make the seeds in close contact with the border, with the covering thickness of 1cm.

Drill: Dig shallow furrows along the furrow according to the row spacing of 25~30cm, and the depth of the furrow is 1 ~ 1.5cm. Through irrigation in the furrow, evenly mix the seeds with fine sand, cover 1cm, and slightly suppress.

Seeding amount of seedlings: 2~4g/m2, 500~800g per 667m2. Finally, cover the frame with a film to keep warm and moist.

Planting: seedling height 12~ 15cm, when there are 4~6 true leaves, the spacing between plants is 25cm and the row spacing is 40 m. Choose cloudy days for planting, and plant 6~7 thousand plants per 667m2. After planting, thoroughly water the root.

2. Perennial propagation

Transplanted ratoons are very easy to survive. Perennial roots appeared in the second year. In winter, cut off the dead stems on the ground with scissors, and then water the thin manure once to promote the growth of new seedlings. When the seedling height is 9~ 15cm, the seedling can be dug up and transplanted into the field with soil. It should be dug and planted in rainy or cloudy days, with high survival rate. The row spacing of transplanted plants is 30cm×35cm, and 6000 plants are planted every 667m2. Immediately after planting, apply 1 times of thin fertilizer to promote survival. When the ratoon seedlings are as high as 70 ~ 90 cm, the height of Pogostemon cablin seedlings planted in the spring of that year is15 ~ 36 cm. Perennial roots begin to bloom from the end of June to the beginning of July after transplanting, and bloom in mid-July when sowing in spring that year.

Third, the daily management:

1, temperature management

When the air temperature is kept at 20~25℃, the emergence time is 10~ 15 days. Uncover the film when the emergence rate reaches 70%, and the suitable growth temperature is 18~25℃. When the spring-sown Pogostemon cablin seedlings were 65438±02cm high and the main stem had five pairs of leaves, the axils of the basal leaves began to branch.

2. Water and fertilizer management

All the stems and leaves of Pogostemon cablin are used as medicine, and the best fertilization is "full fertilizer" (including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), such as human and animal feces and oil cakes. After loosening the soil at the height of 3cm for the first topdressing, apply decomposed thin human and animal manure 1.5~2kg per square meter, then apply decomposed thin human and animal manure10 kg per square meter after intertillage weeding at the heights of 7 ~/kloc-0, 15~20cm and 25~30cm, and then apply decomposed thin human and animal manure 1500kg per square meter. Water in time in dry season, protect seedlings against drought, and drain ditches in rainy season to prevent plants from rotting roots caused by accumulated water.

3, intertillage weeding and thinning seedlings

When the height of seedlings is 3cm, and the seedling closing time has passed, the vegetative area of seedlings is 4cm2, or seedlings are divided, and the spacing between seedlings is 6~8cm. Leave 3-4 plants in each hole to plant Pogostemon cablin, and the seedlings can be planted in two rows according to the spacing of 10~ 12cm. Lack of seedlings should be replanted on cloudy days, and 1 times diluted human and animal manure should be poured after planting to facilitate survival. Before the first harvest, weeding was carried out in intertillage for 2~3 times, and the seedling height was 3cm, 12~ 15cm and 2 1~24cm respectively. When the seedling height is 25~30cm, after the second harvest, cultivate 6cm to protect the root system.

Four, in addition to pay attention to the prevention of pests and diseases:

1, blight

The disease occurred from mid-June to early July. At first, the leaves and tips of the diseased plant drooped and withered, and finally the roots rotted and the whole plant died. Prevention and control methods: after the Pogostemon cablin is harvested, the diseased plants are removed, and centralized incineration is carried out to eliminate the overwintering bacteria. Drain ditches in time after rain to reduce the humidity in the field; Combined with chemical spraying, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves to improve the disease resistance of plants; At the early stage of the disease, the diseased plants were pulled out and watered with 500 times solution of 50% carbendazim, 800 times solution of 50% thiophanate-methyl or 500 times solution of 40% carbendazim gum suspension to prevent the spread of the disease.

2. Corner point

It mainly harms leaves, mostly in rainy season. At first, it was a water-soaked lesion, and later it gradually expanded into a polygonal brown lesion. In severe cases, the leaves dry up and fall off, resulting in reduced production. Prevention and control methods: At the initial stage of the disease, use 1:1.5:1.20 times Bordeaux solution, or 72% agricultural streptomycin 1.000 times solution, or 77% kocide 500 times solution for prevention and control, and spray1times solution for 7 times.

3. Brown spot disease

Fungal diseases mainly harm leaves. From May to June, a nearly circular lesion was formed on the leaves, with light brown in the middle and dark brown at the edge, producing light black mold, which was serious in wet rainy season. Control method: remove diseased leaves and burn them, and spray them with1:1:20 times Bordeaux solution, or 500 times of 64% antiviral alum wettable powder, or 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc solution.

4. Leaf blight

The lesions on both sides of the leaves are polygonal, with an initial diameter of 1~3mm, and the leaves are dark brown and yellow. In severe cases, the diseased spots converge and the leaves die. Prevention and treatment methods: spray 50% riffraff 1000 times at the initial stage of onset, spray 1 times every 7 days, and spray continuously for 2~3 times.

Adults and nymphs cluster on the buds and leaves, which makes the plants grow badly and can't grow new buds and leaves normally. Control methods: 10% imidacloprid WP 1000 times, 50% pirimicarb WP 2000 times, or 40% dimethoate EC 1500 times. Stop taking drugs half a month before collection to avoid residual poison.

5. Starscream

In the high temperature and low humidity season from June to August, the insect mainly eats plant nutrition, which is orange or yellow, and sucks leaf back juice. Yellow-white spots began to appear in the affected area, gradually turned into yellow-brown focal spots, and finally the whole leaf turned yellow and fell off.

Control method: spray 1500 times mirex, or 3000 times 40% chlordecone or 1.8% avermectin.

6. Silver leaf moth

The larvae of leaf moths eat holes or gaps in leaves. Larvae lurk on the back of leaves during the day and feed on leaves at night and cloudy days. Control method: spray 90% crystal trichlorfon or 300~350 times 25% chlordimeform aqueous solution 1000 times.

7. leaf roller moth

Leaf rollers spin silk, roll leaves on buds and leaves with their larvae, and hide inside to feed on leaves.

Control method: spraying trichlorfon solution 300~400 times on the leaves.

8, soil tiger, mole cricket

Pests bite off the roots of seedlings, resulting in lack of seedlings and affecting yield. Prevention and control methods: use 90% crystal trichlorfon as bait to trap and kill, or use 50% phoxim 1000 times liquid to mix toxic soil strips and apply them into ditches.

How to plant agastache rugosa? The volatile aromatic substances in leaves will not change. These two plants belong to Labiatae, and plants of the same family can get to know each other and live in harmony. But the key is that the habits of these two plants are different. Peppermint does not like Pogostemon cablin, Pogostemon cablin is not resistant to moisture, and mint likes moisture. When nutrients or space are insufficient, it depends on who has stronger vitality.

The cultivation of Pogostemon cablin is purchased from Pogostemon cablin, alias: Pogostemon cablin.

Pogostemon of Labiatae.

Cultivation techniques:

First, land selection.

Should choose sunny, low mountains, hills, flat dams, well-drained, deep and fertile sand or loam.

Second, soil preparation

During the period from Qingming to Grain Rain, 2,500 kilograms of manure was applied to the land to be selected, with 30-45 cm deep ploughing and fine harrowing, and the land was prepared for border cultivation. The southern boundary should be high, about 12- 18cm high, and the northern boundary should be low. The length of the boundary depends on the terrain, so

Third, the method of raising seedlings

There are two ways of propagation: seed propagation (new Pogostemon cablin) and perennial root transplantation (old Pogostemon cablin). The new Pogostemon cablin is propagated by seeds, and the whole grass can be harvested in July of that year. Old Pogostemon cablin means that the old roots of new Pogostemon cablin are allowed to overwinter in the same place after the seeds are harvested, and the new seedlings are unearthed in the next spring and moved to the field to obtain the whole grass. It is generally believed that Pogostemon cablin has more leaves and better slice quality. There are many stems in Pogostemon cablin, and the quality of film cutting is poor. Therefore, seed propagation is mostly used in production, and seed propagation is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing.

(1)9-65438+ 10. Sow in the south autumn, and open holes in the whole border with a row spacing of 3cm and a depth of 3-6 cm, with a large hole and a flat bottom. After applying human and animal manure, use 0.5 kg of seeds per mu, mix them with plant ash, and scatter them evenly in the holes. If it doesn't rain for a long time, water it in time. In autumn sowing, seedlings emerge in the same year, with long growth period and high yield.

(2) Spring sowing in the north in March and April. Open the furrow along the 1- 1.3cm depth according to the row spacing of 25-33cm, evenly spread the seeds into the furrow, cover it with 6- 1Ocm, and step on it with your feet. If there is too much soil, water it. The yield of spring sowing is low, and the seed consumption per mu is 0.5-0.8 kg.

(3) transplanting perennial roots (Pogostemon cablin). Perennial roots appeared after the rain in the second year (mid-February). When they are frightened (early March), use scissors to cut off the dead stems on the ground in winter, and then water them with dilute manure to promote the growth of new seedlings. Before and after Grain Rain (April 20th), when the height of the seedlings is 9- 15cm, the seedlings can be dug. The row spacing is 3cm×24cm, and 6000 plants are planted per mu. Immediately after planting, apply 1 times of thin fertilizer to promote survival.

Fourth, on-site management

(1) Plant spacing, replanting, intertillage, weeding, sowing and propagation. When the air temperature is 65,438+03℃-18℃ and the soil has enough temperature, the seedlings will emerge in about 65,438+00 days, and the seedling height will be 6-65,430 regardless of hole sowing or row sowing. Seedlings shall be reserved in the row spacing of 10-l5cm for drill sowing, and 3-4 seedlings shall be reserved in each hole for hole sowing. If the seedlings are short, they should be supplemented at any time. Pay attention to loosening soil and weeding while thinning and replanting seedlings. Before the first harvest in the first year, three times of intertillage weeding should be carried out. The first time was about 3cm, the second time was 12- 15cm, and the third time was 2 1-24cm. Intertillage combined with weeding and topdressing. Pay attention to cultivating the soil before closing the ridge to prevent the plants from lodging.

(2) Fertilization can be combined with intertillage weeding. Because the stems and leaves of Pogostemon cablin are used as medicine, it is best to apply "full fertilizer" (including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), such as human and animal feces and oil cakes. Apply diluted human and animal manure 1000kg per mu, or apply ammonium sulfate 10-L3kg per mu, and water after fertilization.

(3) Under normal irrigation and drainage conditions, Pogostemon cablin does not need irrigation. If the terrain is high, it needs to be watered in time when there is no rain or little rain. On the contrary, pay attention to drainage in low position and rainy season to prevent root rot. At the same time, before closing the ridge, the ditch must be cleaned.

(4) Post-harvest management: Pogostemon fragrans is a perennial perennial plant, and its old roots are not easy to die. Therefore, after the first harvest in June-July, it should be cultivated and fertilized immediately; After half a month, the taproot sprouted. When the seedling height is 265,438+0-24 cm, it is cultivated and fertilized for 65,438+0 times and harvested again for 65,438+00 months (but the yield is not high and most of them are not easy to bloom). Immediately after the second harvest, intertillage and apply winter fertilizer, with human and animal manure per mu 1500-2000kg. After fertilization, the soil should be cultivated to a thickness of about 6-9 cm to protect the main roots from overwintering, and 2-5 buds will grow from the roots in the second year. One-year joint management method: intertillage weeding and fertilization. If it is well managed, its output can be much higher than that in the first year. Pogostemon cablin can only be harvested for two consecutive years. In the third year, most of the old roots of plants died, and all of them were plowed and planted with other crops.

Five, pests and diseases and their prevention and control

(1) disease control

1. Brown spot damages leaves. The front of the leaf forms a round or nearly round lesion, with a light brown center and a dark brown edge, resulting in light black mold. Generally, it begins in May and June, and the rainy season is heavier. Prevention and treatment methods: timely remove diseased leaves and burn them; Implement crop rotation; Spray 1: 1: 100 bordeaux mixture before and at the beginning of the disease.

2. Fusarium solani. )app。 etwollenw。 And Fusarium semi-naked ... isolated from rotting roots. It often occurs in the rainy season from mid-June to early July. The leaves and tips of damaged plants droop and wither, and the roots rot. Low-lying areas prone to water accumulation or shallow ditches with poor drainage are prone to diseases. Prevention and control methods: ditch drainage in time after rain to reduce field humidity; At the early stage of the disease, the diseased plants were pulled out and watered with 70% Dixon powder with 1000 times solution or 40% carbendazim gel suspension with 500 times solution to prevent the spread.

3. The diseased spots on both sides of the leaf of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were polygonal, with an initial diameter of 1-3mm and dark brown and yellow leaves. In severe cases, the diseased spots converge and the leaves die. It takes place from June to September. Prevention and control methods: clear the garden in winter, burn dead leaves intensively, and spray 50% Ruifu 1000 times solution every 7 days for 2-3 times in a row. No more spraying within two weeks before harvest.

(2) Pest control

1. Tetranychus Linne is Pogostemon.

What is the planting method of tulips? Selection of soil: it is required to be deep sandy loam or clay loam, with groundwater level of 55 ~ 70 cm, pH value of 6.5 ~ 7.0 and cultivated layer of 20 ~ 25 cm. Before planting, the soil must be deeply ploughed.

Fertilization method: In the process of tulip growth and bulb expansion, sufficient fertilizer is needed, and loose and fertile manure, decomposed garbage fertilizer, various cake fertilizers and bone meal are commonly used in the Yangtze River Delta. In early spring, topdressing should be done 2 ~ 3 times from stem and leaf to bud, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied to cultivate potted tulips in greenhouse. Watering method: adjust the soil moisture before planting to keep it dry and moist. Generally, there is no need to water during the growing period, just keep the soil moist. Water for 1 ~ 2 times in dry weather, and the wetting depth can reach 15cm.

Conventional cultivation is a general cultivation method of tulip bulbs without supercooling.

One. Before planting tulips, it is necessary to make a complete production plan, including selecting and arranging planting sites, how to obtain tulip bulbs, and preparing potted pots and containers.

Tulip bulbs should be planted in deep and fertile sandy soil, and root growth should avoid water accumulation, so the selected terrain must be well drained. For planting beds, the width of the bed is generally 30 cm, and the furrow should be deeper in flat areas. If the soil planted in the first year is sticky, two cubic meters of peat and five kilograms of compound fertilizer can be used as the base fertilizer for soil improvement per 100 square meter. Tulips are not suitable for continuous cropping. It is best not to plant tulips in the land planted a year or two ago. One month before planting tulips, the land should be deeply ploughed and exposed to the sun to eliminate germs and spores and weeds. Then choose sunny weather, irrigate the soil with 40% formalin 100 times solution (the depth is greater than 10 cm), and then cover it with film for about a week. After uncovering the film, carefully cultivate the soil and prepare for planting.

2. When the soil temperature is generally lower than 12℃, it can be considered to be planted in sandy loam with sufficient sunshine and good drainage. After deep ploughing, it is advisable to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers such as decomposed cow dung (7 ~ 10g potassium oxide per square meter). The burial depth is about 2 times of bulb height, and the row spacing is 2~3 times of bulb transverse diameter. Don't water after covering the soil, but cover the straw to improve the soil moisture and prevent the soil from hardening. Apply 1 diluted nitrogen fertilizer just before sprouting; After budding, increase the fertilizer concentration (10% fertilizer and 90% water). Generally, you don't water during the growing period, as long as you keep the soil moist. If the weather is dry, water 1~2 times (the wetting depth is about 15 cm). As a cut flower, it should be cut when the bud is completely discolored, and the ornamental period of vase insertion is about 10 days.

Seed bulbs should be disinfected before planting. They can be soaked in potassium permanganate solution or formalin solution for 30 minutes, dried and planted. The productive planting density can be controlled at 12× 12 cm or 13× 12 cm, which varies slightly according to different varieties. Generally, varieties with vertical Ye Qiang and short plants can be densely planted.

If it is an exhibition planting, it can be placed in 20~25 cm, and the planting depth is 4~5 cm from the top of the seed ball to the soil surface. Water once after cultivation to prevent drying and dehydration. Tulips are mostly potted plants, ground cover plants and medicinal plants.

What are the taking methods and precautions of Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill? Yang Wenshui Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill 5.50 Some friends often have symptoms such as headache, fever, chest tightness, bloating, vomiting and diarrhea. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the evil of summer heat is the external cause of heatstroke, and the lack of healthy qi is the internal cause of the invasion of external evil. Taking Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill can effectively relieve symptoms, so how to take Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill and what precautions should be taken when taking it? Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill can relieve exterior syndrome, regulate qi and middle energizer, strengthen body resistance and eliminate pathogenic factors. It can be used for treating common cold, vomiting, diarrhea, cholera, and dampness resistance. Its basic indications are: aversion to cold and fever, severe head and body pain, chest fullness and hospital fullness, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea, white and greasy tongue coating and slow pulse. The common causes of colds are fatigue and lack of rest. Coupled with blowing or catching cold, wind-cold colds are usually more likely to occur in autumn and winter. Wind-cold cold is caused by the invasion of wind-cold pathogens and lung qi failure. Note that this product is taken orally, 6 grams at a time, twice a day. Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill has obvious inhibitory effect on isolated rabbit duodenum and can resist intestinal spasm caused by cholinergic drugs. It has obvious inhibitory effect on intestinal spasm caused by cholinergic drugs in dogs and rabbits, and can resist intestinal spasm caused by physostigmine salicylate, which is similar to atropine. It can inhibit the spontaneous activity of isolated intestinal smooth muscle and resist intestinal spasm caused by barium chloride, so it has a direct inhibitory effect on intestinal smooth muscle. Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill has a good antispasmodic effect on the automatic contraction of duodenum in isolated guinea pigs and rabbits and on the contraction of ileum caused by histamine, acetylcholine and barium chloride. It can also resist the uterine contraction of mice caused by pituitrin. The low concentration of Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill can regulate the movement of isolated rabbit small intestine in two directions, and the high concentration can completely inhibit and antagonize acetylcholine. Pay attention to these matters when taking it: (1) Patients with serious chronic diseases such as hypertension, arrhythmia, heart disease, liver disease and kidney disease, pregnant women or patients receiving other treatments should take it under the guidance of a doctor. (2) It should be taken in strict accordance with the usage and dosage, and infants and elderly patients with weak constitution should be taken under the guidance of a doctor. (3) After taking the medicine for three days, if the symptoms are not relieved or there are other serious symptoms, the patient should stop taking the medicine and go to the hospital. (4) continuous use should consult a doctor. (5) Do not exceed the recommended dosage unless under the guidance of a doctor. (6) Drugs should be kept out of the reach of children. (7) People with allergies should use it with caution. (8) It is not advisable to take nourishing Chinese patent medicines at the same time, and the diet should be light. Kang 'aiduo Pharmacy is committed to helping people improve their medication level and reduce their medication costs. For patients and friends to provide direct supply from manufacturers, absolutely authentic high-quality drugs, low prices, friends in need can rest assured to buy.

What should I pay attention to when planting Huoxiang Zhengqi grass? How to plant Pogostemon Fragrant Healthy Grass, alias: Pogostemon Fragrant?

Pogostemon of Labiatae.

Cultivation techniques:

First, land selection.

Should choose sunny, low mountains, hills, flat dams, well-drained, deep and fertile sand or loam.

Second, soil preparation

During the period from Qingming to Grain Rain, 2,500 kilograms of manure was applied to the land to be selected, with 30-45 cm deep ploughing and fine harrowing, and the land was prepared for border cultivation. The southern boundary should be high, about 12- 18cm high, and the northern boundary should be low. The length of the boundary depends on the terrain, so

Third, the method of raising seedlings

There are two ways of propagation: seed propagation (new Pogostemon cablin) and perennial root transplantation (old Pogostemon cablin). The new Pogostemon cablin is propagated by seeds, and the whole grass can be harvested in July of that year. Old Pogostemon cablin means that the old roots of new Pogostemon cablin are allowed to overwinter in the same place after the seeds are harvested, and the new seedlings are unearthed in the next spring and moved to the field to obtain the whole grass. It is generally believed that Pogostemon cablin has more leaves and better slice quality. There are many stems in Pogostemon cablin, and the quality of film cutting is poor. Therefore, seed propagation is mostly used in production, and seed propagation is divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing.

(1)9-65438+ 10. Sow in the south autumn, and open holes in the whole border with a row spacing of 3cm and a depth of 3-6 cm, with a large hole and a flat bottom. After applying human and animal manure, use 0.5 kg of seeds per mu, mix them with plant ash, and scatter them evenly in the holes. If it doesn't rain for a long time, water it in time. In autumn sowing, seedlings emerge in the same year, with long growth period and high yield.

(2) Spring sowing in the north in March and April. Open the furrow along the 1- 1.3cm depth according to the row spacing of 25-33cm, evenly spread the seeds into the furrow, cover it with 6- 1Ocm, and step on it with your feet. If there is too much soil, water it. The yield of spring sowing is low, and the seed consumption per mu is 0.5-0.8 kg.

(3) transplanting perennial roots (Pogostemon cablin). Perennial roots appeared after the rain in the second year (mid-February). When they are frightened (early March), use scissors to cut off the dead stems on the ground in winter, and then water them with dilute manure to promote the growth of new seedlings. Before and after Grain Rain (April 20th), when the height of the seedlings is 9- 15cm, the seedlings can be dug. The row spacing is 3cm×24cm, and 6000 plants are planted per mu. Immediately after planting, apply 1 times of thin fertilizer to promote survival.

Fourth, on-site management

(1) Plant spacing, replanting, intertillage, weeding, sowing and propagation. When the air temperature is 65,438+03℃-18℃ and the soil has enough temperature, the seedlings will emerge in about 65,438+00 days, and the seedling height will be 6-65,430 regardless of hole sowing or row sowing. Seedlings shall be reserved in the row spacing of 10-l5cm for drill sowing, and 3-4 seedlings shall be reserved in each hole for hole sowing. If the seedlings are short, they should be supplemented at any time. Pay attention to loosening soil and weeding while thinning and replanting seedlings. Before the first harvest in the first year, three times of intertillage weeding should be carried out. The first time was about 3cm, the second time was 12- 15cm, and the third time was 2 1-24cm. Intertillage combined with weeding and topdressing. Pay attention to cultivating the soil before closing the ridge to prevent the plants from lodging.

(2) Fertilization can be combined with intertillage weeding. Because the stems and leaves of Pogostemon cablin are used as medicine, it is best to apply "full fertilizer" (including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), such as human and animal feces and oil cakes. Apply diluted human and animal manure 1000kg per mu, or apply ammonium sulfate 10-L3kg per mu, and water after fertilization.

(3) Under normal irrigation and drainage conditions, Pogostemon cablin does not need irrigation. If the terrain is high, it needs to be watered in time when there is no rain or little rain. On the contrary, pay attention to drainage in low position and rainy season to prevent root rot. At the same time, before closing the ridge, the ditch must be cleaned.

(4) Post-harvest management: Pogostemon fragrans is a perennial perennial plant, and its old roots are not easy to die. Therefore, after the first harvest in June-July, it should be cultivated and fertilized immediately; After half a month, the taproot sprouted. When the seedling height is 265,438+0-24 cm, it is cultivated and fertilized for 65,438+0 times and harvested again for 65,438+00 months (but the yield is not high and most of them are not easy to bloom). Immediately after the second harvest, intertillage and apply winter fertilizer, with human and animal manure per mu 1500-2000kg. After fertilization, the soil should be cultivated to a thickness of about 6-9 cm to protect the main roots from overwintering, and 2-5 buds will grow from the roots in the second year. One-year joint management method: intertillage weeding and fertilization. If it is well managed, its output can be much higher than that in the first year. Pogostemon cablin can only be harvested for two consecutive years. In the third year, most of the old roots of plants died, and all of them were plowed and planted with other crops.

Five, pests and diseases and their prevention and control

(1) disease control

1. Brown spot damages leaves. The front of the leaf forms a round or nearly round lesion, with a light brown center and a dark brown edge, resulting in light black mold. Generally, it begins in May and June, and the rainy season is heavier. Prevention and treatment methods: timely remove diseased leaves and burn them; Implement crop rotation; Spray 1: 1: 100 bordeaux mixture before and at the beginning of the disease.

2. Fusarium solani. )app。 etwollenw。 And Fusarium semi-naked ... isolated from rotting roots. It often occurs in the rainy season from mid-June to early July. The leaves and tips of damaged plants droop and wither, and the roots rot. Low-lying areas prone to water accumulation or shallow ditches with poor drainage are prone to diseases. Prevention and control methods: ditch drainage in time after rain to reduce field humidity; At the early stage of the disease, the diseased plants were pulled out and watered with 70% Dixon powder with 1000 times solution or 40% carbendazim gel suspension with 500 times solution to prevent the spread.

3. The diseased spots on both sides of the leaf of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were polygonal, with an initial diameter of 1-3mm and dark brown and yellow leaves. In severe cases, the diseased spots converge and the leaves die. It takes place from June to September. Prevention and control methods: clear the garden in winter, burn dead leaves intensively, and spray 50% Ruifu 1000 times solution every 7 days for 2-3 times in a row. No more spraying within two weeks before harvest.

(2) Pest control

1. Linne spider mite is a common pest on Pogostemon cablin and Perilla frutescens. The weather is dry from June to August, and it is most abundant when it is hot and humid. Adults are small, usually orange or yellow. Often gather in backstab to suck juice. Small yellow-white spots began to appear, and later larger yellow-brown focal spots were seen on the leaves. After the kit is unfolded, the whole leaves turn yellow and green, and the leaves fall off. Prevention and control methods: collect fallen leaves in the field during harvesting and burn them centrally; Weeds in ridges, ditches and roadsides should be removed in early spring; Spraying 40% dimethoate EC with 2000 times solution as soon as possible during the occurrence period. Stop spraying drugs within half a month before harvesting to ensure that there is no pesticide residue in the medicinal materials.

2. The larvae of Spodoptera exigua feed on leaves and bite holes or gaps in the leaves. In severe cases, the leaves are eaten up, leaving only veins. Larvae may be-10 months. Mature larvae are 3 mm long; The head and abdomen are thick, the head is yellow-green, the body is green, and there are several thin white longitudinal stripes on the back; The first pair and the second pair of ventral feet degenerate and their backs arch when walking. Larvae lurks on the back of leaves during the day, and mostly feeds on leaves at night and cloudy days. Control method: spray 90% crystal trichlorfon 1000 times solution or 25% 223 emulsion 250 times solution or 25% chlordimeform water solution 300-350 times solution.

3. The leaves of cinnabar are covered with tetranychus cinnabarinus (Bois Duval), which occurs in June and August when the weather is dry, high temperature and low humidity. Backstab gathered in the leaves to suck juice, and small spots appeared at first. Later, larger yellow-brown scorched spots could be seen on the leaf surface. After the kit is unfolded, the whole leaf turns yellow, loses its green color and falls off. Prevention and control methods: collect fallen leaves in the field during harvesting and burn them centrally; Weeds in ridges, ditches and roadsides should be removed in early spring; Spray 40% omethoate emulsion for 2000-2500 times during the occurrence period, but stop spraying half a month before harvesting. In addition, there are bean moths, yellow-bellied moths, leaf beetles, crickets, cutworms, etc., which can be controlled by 90% crystal trichlorfon or 223 emulsion. Earth tigers can be killed manually.

Pogostemoncablin (scientific name Pogostemoncablin) is a plant of Labiatae, a perennial erect herb with fragrance. Native to the Philippines, it is widely cultivated in Southeast Asia and southern China. The whole plant contains volatile oil, which can be used as strong medicine and aromatic material, and is a common component of perfume. Among them, Pogostemon cablin, also known as Echinacea cablin and Pogostemon cablin, is the stem and vine of Pogostemon cablin.