What are the customs on that day in beginning of spring?
Beginning of spring is also called beginning of spring, Chaojie, New Year's Day and New Year's Day, mainly when the sun reaches 3 15, mostly on February 3, 4 and 5 of the Gregorian calendar.
The meaning of standing and starting; Spring represents warmth and growth. Beginning of spring means that the cold winter has passed, the weather is getting warmer and warmer, and the flowers are about to bloom in this season.
The beginning of spring customs
Beginning of spring custom 1: spring.
Beginning of spring is also called "Da Chun", "beginning of spring" and "beginning of spring". This festival, like many festivals, has many folk customs, such as celebrations and activities to welcome spring, "shooting cows" in spring, and eating spring cakes, spring vegetables and radishes.
China has been an agricultural country since ancient times, and the key is spring. There is a saying in the folk proverb that "a year's plan lies in spring". The ancient custom in beginning of spring is not only an ancient solar term, but also an important festival. At the beginning of spring, the son of heaven will personally lead the prince and the doctor to welcome the spring in the eastern suburbs and issue a kind order. Shuo Wen Jie Zi records: "Duke Zhou began to make beginning of spring native cattle, and unearthed them to show the time of farming." Feudal rulers of later generations held a whipping ceremony on this day to encourage farming and develop production.
A popular folk song "Spring" in Shanxi: "Spring breeze moves in spring, and spring water flows along the river. Spring people drink spring wine and spring officials whip spring cattle. " It's about the grand occasion of shooting spring cattle.
Beginning of spring Custom 2: Early spring.
On the day before the old custom that began in spring, there were two artists wearing crowns and ribbons. One was called Chun Guan, and the other was called Chun Guan. Shouting along the street: "Spring is coming", commonly known as "Spring". Scholars, farmers, workers and businessmen all bow down when they see Chun Guan. When a person meets a vendor's shop, he can take goods and food at will, and the owner is greeted with a smile. On this day, every state and county will hold a grand "Spring Festival" activity. The front is the drum music honor guard as a guide; In the middle are the family members led by the governors of various States and counties, all wearing official uniforms; Behind them are peasant teams, all carrying farm tools. Come to the eastern suburb of the city to meet the mang God and the spring cow. Before you go to see the Mang God, you should kneel and kowtow. The deacon raised his glass and poured wine for the officer. After receiving the wine, the officer knelt down twice and kowtowed six times. Then bow in front of the spring cow. After the ceremony, it was as lively as when it came, welcoming the busy god and the spring cow back to the city.
On the second day in beginning of spring, the local governor still led his family and farmers to whip Spring. Yin and Yang officials must first hold certain traditional ceremonies. Local officials presided over the Spring Festival ceremony, offering titles at the beginning and titles at the end. Then he whipped the spring bull for three turns with color and returned to the Ministry after the ceremony. The farmers slaughtered the spring cattle.
Now, spring whipping activities are no longer held in cities, but some rural areas still have the custom of beating spring cattle. Before the beginning of spring, a cow was made of clay, which was called a spring cow. Women take their children around the spring cow three times. The old saying that they can't get sick has now become entertainment. At the beginning of spring, an old man was selected from the village to symbolically whip the cattle in spring three times, which means the beginning of a year's agriculture. Then the villagers smashed the mud cows, returned the soil to the fields and scattered it in their respective farmland. It is popular in Luliang area to write the word "Yichun" on the door with spring cattle soil. Southeast Shanxi is used to coating horns with spring cattle soil. It is said that rinderpest can be avoided. In the south of Shanxi, people pay attention to coating stoves with spring cattle soil, which is said to drive away ephemera.
During the Spring Festival, folk artists make many small mud cows, which are called "spring cows". Give it to all families, this is called "send it to spring". The owner should pay the person who sends the spring water. More essentially, it is a holiday sales activity, but everyone is happy. In some places, there is a yellow paper with a picture of a spring cow on the wall. Yellow stands for land, and spring cattle stands for farming, commonly known as "Spring Cattle Map".
During the Spring Festival, girls cut the ribbon for swallows and called them "Spring Chicken". Stick feathers on butterflies and call them "spring moths"; Wrapped in velvet as a staff is called "Spring Staff". Wear it on your head, Bimei. Girls in southeastern Shanxi like to exchange these headdresses. It is said that sericulture is thriving. Xiangning and other places are used to making small dolls out of silk, called "spring babies", which are worn on children. The northern part of Shanxi pays attention to sewing small cloth bags, which are filled with beans, grains and other miscellaneous grains and hung on the horns of cattle, which means that six animals are prosperous, and the crops are abundant, and they are safe and auspicious all year round.
Beginning of spring Custom 3: Bite the Spring.
During the Spring Festival, people are used to eating carrots, ginger, onions and bread, which is called "biting spring". Newly married women in Yuncheng are called "Spring Festival" when their parents want to take them back. Linfen area is used to inviting son-in-law to eat spring cakes.
Biting spring refers to the custom of eating spring plates, spring cakes, spring rolls and radishes every day in the early spring, and the word "biting" reveals many seasonal eating customs.
Spring cake is a dish filled with vegetables, fruits and cake bait to feed relatives and friends or eat, which is called spring cake. Du Fu's poem "beginning of spring" said: "Fine lettuce is dressed in spring, and I suddenly remember when Beijing plum blossoms bloom." Zhou Mi's "Legend of Wulin" contains: "Hou Yuan organized a spring dish for the entrance ceremony and gave it to your house, that is, the minister Juzan, HongLing, Jinji and Yuyan, which were beautifully made and each dish was worth 10,000 yuan."
The Spring Festival already existed in the Jin Dynasty, and it was called "Five Pan Xin" at that time. Five spices in a broad sense refer to five kinds of spicy dishes made of vegetables (onion, garlic, pepper, ginger and mustard). Taking five spices can sterilize and drive away cold. At that time, spring cakes and vegetables were put on the same plate. Spring cakes were popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The emperor gave spring wine and spring cakes to the officials' trusted ministers. In Song Dynasty, Chen wrote in "Records of Years Old": "The day before beginning of spring, Ouchi made cakes, and recent ministers drank alcohol." At that time, the Spring Festival was extremely particular and particular. In the Qing Dynasty, the emperor also rewarded Chen Dan with spring cakes and spring vegetables, and the recipients were in tears.
This custom of eating spring cakes spread to the people, and it is more fun to eat cakes and cook and give gifts to each other. The Qing Dynasty's "Beiping Customs Signing Year" recorded that in beginning of spring, the rich people ate spring cakes, prepared sauce for smoking, cooked all kinds of meat in the stove, and fried all kinds of vegetables, such as spinach, leeks, bean sprouts, dry powder and eggs. Bake pancakes with flour. This is a festival custom for old Beijingers to eat spring cakes in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Beijing still inherits this dietary custom, and there is a saying that "spring cakes are eaten in spring".
Speaking of spring cakes, everyone who used to pay attention to them went to the pancake shop to buy them. According to the old people, in the early years of the Republic of China, there was a steamer shop called Baoyuanzhai in Baozi Street, Xidan, Beijing. The spring cakes there were authentic materials and exquisite workmanship, which was second to none in Beijing. When you buy it home, you can heat it a little, put shredded green onion, spread sweet noodle sauce on Liubiju, put "zygote" on it, and eat it with a bowl of millet porridge. That's seasonal food.
Now eat spring cakes, which can be cooked at home at any time, baked or steamed with warm water and scalded noodles. The shape can be as big as a round fan and as small as a plate. One kilogram of flour can be branded into sixteen sheets, and two sheets are one. When turning, put some sesame oil on one side of each cake, which is easy to uncover when eating. Dishes are commonly known as "harmony dishes" (called spring dishes in ancient times). In addition to the shredded onion sweet noodle sauce, other dishes can be more or less according to the family's hobbies, raw and cooked, and the meat and vegetables are complete. Among the hot dishes, there must be fried bean sprouts, yellow vegetables (eggs) and fried leeks, and dried beans are the best. To eat spring cakes, the most important thing in old Beijing is to roll them into a tube and eat them from beginning to end. As the saying goes, "there is a head and a tail." At the beginning of spring, it is very interesting for a family to eat around the table.
Beginning of spring custom 4: Fried spring rolls.
Fried spring rolls are also a traditional seasonal food in ancient spring dishes. "At the age of Guangji" says: "A wealthy family in the capital made flour silkworms with meat or vegetarian stuffing ... which is the so-called official silkworm. It is also called exploring spring silkworm, because it is carried out at the beginning of spring. Later, the homonym of silkworm characters was transformed into scrolls and became the "spring rolls" that people often eat today. Toona sinensis buds were often used as stuffing in ancient times, and mutton was used as stuffing in Yuan Dynasty. Nowadays, pork, bean sprouts, leeks and leeks are often used as stuffing, which is a good spring food.
Beginning of spring Custom 5: Radish.
Radish is called reed in ancient times, and Su Dongpo has a poem: "Reed roots are still full of dew, Qiu Lai frost and snow fill the East Garden, and reed gives birth to mustard grandchildren." In the old pharmacopoeia, the roots and leaves of radish can be eaten raw or cooked as vegetables, which has great medicinal value. Eating radishes regularly can not only relieve spring sleepiness, but also help to soften blood vessels, reduce blood fat and stabilize blood pressure, relieve alcoholism and regulate qi. , has the functions of nutrition, fitness and disease elimination. This is also the original intention of the ancients to encourage people to chew radish when they were in beginning of spring. Northerners love to eat raw radishes, especially heartthrobs and carrots. In old Beijing, the radish of Dahongmen in Nanyuan is the most popular, and there is a saying that "the radish of Dahongmen is called Jingmen".
In old Beijing, radish vendors and farmers often carry burdens or push carts to sell in hutongs: "Water radish, crisp and sweet!" " "After the housewives left the hospital and picked carrots, the vendor knocked on the' beauty in the heart' with a knife, then quickly unscrewed the radish skin and cut the carrot core into squares without cutting it off.
The whole radish was cut into square strips by several knives, which looked like a blooming peony flower. Very beautiful. When you take it home, the whole family breaks the gab and nibbles at it bit by bit. It's really crisp, sweet and a little spicy. It's a good spring food.