Characteristics of beginning of spring
Beginning of spring is characterized by 20 words. Do you know any features? There are 24 solar terms in China, which play an important guiding role in the development of China's agriculture. Beginning of spring is the last festival in spring in China, and there will be many beginning of spring customs in due course. Let's look at the characteristics of beginning of spring.
Beginning of spring characteristics 1 1. beginning of spring characteristics
1, beginning of spring, also known as Spring Festival, the first month, New Year's Day, New Year's Day and so on. Standing means "start"; Spring represents warmth and growth. Beginning of spring is the beginning of a year, which means that a new cycle has begun, which means that everything is the beginning and everything is rebirth.
2. As one of the "twenty-four solar terms", beginning of spring, like Changchun, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter, reflects the changes of the four seasons. Beginning of spring means that the winter when everything is closed has passed, and it has begun to enter the spring when everything is warm and sunny.
3. "beginning of spring" is a solar term, which means that it has entered the spring and represents warmth and growth. "Li Si" marks the rotation of four seasons, and reflects the changing laws of phenology and climate such as spring, long summer, autumn harvest and winter storage, as well as the changing laws of sunshine, rainfall and temperature.
4. After beginning of spring, the spirit of the sun began to rise, the sunshine increased, and the days became longer, which meant that the winter when everything was hidden ended and it began to enter the growing season. Everything gradually recovered and the weather began to improve. But beginning of spring, more can only be said to be a prelude to spring, did not enter the spring.
5. China has a vast territory, complicated geographical conditions and great climate differences. The specific climatic significance of "Li" does not apply to all parts of the country. "Li" is just a reference in many areas.
Second, the historical origin
Beginning of spring was interpreted as: "The foundation has also been established. Spring began and was established. " The poem "beginning of spring" says: "The east wind brings rain to drive the west wind, and the earth is sunny and warm. Twenty-four solar terms: "beginning of spring, solar terms in the first month; Stand still, build the beginning; The five elements of qi continue here; And the qi of Chunmu begins, so it stands; Long summer, autumn and winter are the same. "
Beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms, so the ancient folks celebrated the festival on "beginning of spring", which is equivalent to the modern "Spring Festival", and the first day of the first lunar month is called New Year's Day. 19 13 (in the second year of the Republic of China), Yuan Shikai proposed that the first day of the lunar new year should be the Spring Festival, which would be implemented the following year (19 14). Since then, the beginning of the summer calendar has been called the Spring Festival, which has continued to this day. Therefore, the zodiac should be calculated from beginning of spring, and the zodiac should be determined based on beginning of spring, not the first day of the first month. 20 10 beginning of spring is before the Spring Festival, so the Year of the Tiger is called "a year without spring". ? Spring is the dividing point between the two genera.
Characteristics of beginning of spring 2 Customs of beginning of spring
winter jasmine
Spring Festival is an important activity that begins in spring, and it must be prepared and rehearsed in advance, commonly known as spring performance. Then we can officially celebrate the Spring Festival in beginning of spring. The Spring Festival was held the day before beginning of spring, with the aim of bringing back spring and Ju Mang. In the Spring Festival, there is a spring official, a beggar or a prostitute, who announces the arrival of beginning of spring. In the past, there were pictures of Mang God and Spring Cattle in the imperial calendar every year. In Dianshizhai Pictorial in the late Qing Dynasty, "The tortoise reported spring" and "The bronze drum drove away the epidemic" were both important activities that began in the Spring Festival at that time.
Ju Mang is the god of spring, that is, the god of plants and life. Ju Mang's image is a bird with a face. He abides by the rules and is in charge of spring affairs. During the Zhou Dynasty, the East Hall was set up to welcome the Spring Festival, which shows that there is a long history of offering sacrifices to Ju Mang.
The day before beginning of spring, Zhejiang Province had a Spring Festival. Beginning of spring carried Ju Mang to the mountain outside the city the day before, and at the same time offered sacrifices to Tai Sui. Tai sui is an old god, who sits for one year and is in charge of the rest of the year, so the people also offer more sacrifices. There are many activities when welcoming God, such as preaching in large classes, raising pavilions, local operas, yangko and shooting cows. After being carried from the countryside to the city, people gather in the streets to compete for food, which is called watching the Spring Festival.
During the Spring Festival in Ju Mang, Shandong Province, according to Ju Mang's clothing, the climate of that year was predicted: wearing a hat represents warm spring, balding represents cold spring, wearing shoes represents more spring rain, and barefoot represents less spring rain. In other areas, New Year pictures such as "Spring Breeze" are posted. Around Guangzhou and beginning of spring, people used drums to drive away the plague and pray for peace.
Hu Chunniu
The custom of sticking spring cattle began before the beginning of spring. According to the traditional practice, the county government (county government) hired experts and craftsmen in paper binding to get together in the county town before the spring, and carefully made images of spring cattle. Generally, bamboo sticks are tied into the skeleton of a cow, spring wood is used as legs, paper is pasted and paint is applied, and the image of a cow is successfully made. As the saying goes, there is a lot of red and yellow paper on it, and then there is a "bumper harvest". Paste on black paper, the harvest was not good that year. So the magistrate arranged to win people's hearts with red and yellow paper. After the spring cattle were pasted, a ceremony was held to make the finishing point, that is, an incense table was set up and a bow was made to worship.
Beat spring cattle
There is a kind of spring cattle made of Sang Mu as the skeleton, which is a "cow" specially used for the custom of "beating spring cattle". On the morning after the winter solstice, people use clay to synthesize clay blank and carve it into the shape of a cow. Draw a pattern at 4: 08 and 360 days 12 hours. The day before the start of spring, officials and people offered sacrifices on the agreed agricultural altar. Later, the county deacon (county magistrate) personally whipped the "spring cow" to show the beginning of spring ploughing. Then, the masses began to plow the fields. Playing "Spring Cattle" while plowing, shouting: a dozen "good weather"; Two dozen copies of National Peace and Security; There are three dozen auspicious words, such as "the grain is abundant". In order to welcome the spring, we first choose a piece of land with good feng shui in the suburbs of the county and set up a "spring shed" to prepare for the Spring Festival. Spring sheds are generally set on major traffic routes to facilitate the gathering of people. Put colorful flags around.
Beating spring cattle, also known as whipping spring cattle and whipping local cattle, originated earlier and has been preserved to this day. However, it changed to spring in the Tang and Song Dynasties and prevailed, especially after Song Renzong promulgated the Classic of Local Cattle, which made the custom of whipping local cattle spread more widely and became an important part of folk culture. The significance of whipping spring cattle is not limited to sending air conditioning and promoting spring ploughing, but also has certain witchcraft significance. Shandong folks want to break the local cattle, and people compete for the spring cattle, which is called grabbing the spring and taking the cow's head as the luck. In addition, there are tea-picking activities to worship spring cattle and turtle activities to announce the arrival of spring in Hubei. In addition to the pictures of spring cattle on the royal calendar, they are also widely engraved in New Year pictures all over the country as auspicious pictures during the Spring Festival.
Spring cattle in Zhejiang province have their own characteristics. When welcoming the spring cows, kowtow to the spring cows in turn. After the worship, everyone swarmed, smashed the spring cattle, snatched the soil from them and scattered it in the cowshed. It can be seen that whipping spring cattle is still a kind of breeding witchcraft, that is, spring cattle soil after the Spring Festival can promote cattle reproduction by being scattered in the cowshed.