Carrying forward Shoushan Stone Culture in Jinan, Fuzhou and Building a Characteristic Industrial Base on the West Coast of the Taiwan Strait
Jinan District of Fuzhou is located in the northeast of Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian Province, with an area of 552 square kilometers and a population of 5 10000. It is the largest urban area in Fuzhou. Shoushan stone is the most precious colored stone in the world, which is only produced in Beifeng Mountain Area, Jinan District, Fuzhou City. Its texture is delicate and exquisite, and its color, shape, color, quality and grain are all good. It is worthy of the reputation as the candidate stone of "Eight Famous Stones", "Fujian Stone" and "China National Stone". In recent years, Shoushan stone handicrafts have been designated as licensed products for the 2008 Olympic Games, Shoushan stone producing areas have been named as the first batch of "national mine parks", Shoushan stone carving art has been included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists, and Jin 'an District has been awarded the title of "hometown of China folk art (Shoushan stone)" by the Ministry of Culture, which shows the magical charm of Shoushan stone culture and indicates the bright future of Shoushan stone industry.
1995 Comrade Hu Jintao enjoyed Shoushan stone carving in Fuzhou and had a cordial conversation with the artist.
First, unique characteristic resources and long-standing folk culture.
Shoushan stone is the product of late Jurassic volcanic movement1.300 million ~1.500 million years ago. Naturally occurring, it is known as a "God-given treasure". Because it is soft and easy to attack, it becomes the first-class carving material. After thousands of years' development and evolution, Shoushan stone has been deeply integrated with Chinese culture, forming a profound and long-standing Shoushan stone culture, which can be called a wonderful flower in China traditional culture garden and has a wide influence at home and abroad.
(A) outstanding features
Shoushan stone carving integrates traditional poetry, calligraphy and painting skills, conveys the ideological essence of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism, and contains broad historical and cultural connotations. From the Southern Dynasties 1500 years ago to the present, Shoushan stone carving has formed techniques such as round carving, fine carving, relief, high relief and hollow carving. He has created many masterpieces handed down from generation to generation and has always been a treasure that people collect and appreciate. Since the Song Dynasty, there have been more than 300 kinds of monographs and picture books about Shoushan stone culture, and there are countless poems, travel notes and literary theories.
Unique position
In ancient times, the seal made of Shoushan stone was a symbol of power, and the Ming and Qing emperors had a special liking for Shoushan stone. Emperor Kangxi, Emperor yongzheng emperor, Emperor Qianlong, Emperor Jiaqing and Emperor Xianfeng all collected many seals carved with Shoushan Stone, and the "Three-Chain Seal" of Emperor Qianlong's Tian Huangshi was even more valuable. After the founding of New China, Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao and other party and state leaders loved Shoushan Stone and its stone carving art very much and spoke highly of it.
(C) a wide range of effects
Shoushan stone, with its unique excellent quality, is deeply favored by Chinese and foreign people through the stone carving process, which is the carrier of "emperors will accompany, literati will accompany, and people will be close to the people". Famous painters Liu Haisu, Zhao Puchu, Hua, and others were all infected by Shoushan Stone, leaving many inscriptions and poems praising Shoushan Stone. Pan Zhulan, a famous lithograph engraver, lamented that Shoushan stone was "beyond words" when praising its bright color and excellent quality. The People's Daily, Economic Daily, Guangming Daily, Hong Kong Wen Wei Po, Taiwan Province Industrial and Commercial Times, Macau Daily, Singapore Star and other domestic and foreign news media often introduce Shoushan Stone and its carving art, especially the compatriots in Taiwan Province Province have a special preference for Shoushan Stone. It is understood that the Shoushan stone collected by the people on the island is worth several billion yuan. Now Shoushan stone culture has become an important bridge for cross-strait economic, trade and cultural exchanges.
Panorama of Shoushan Stone Mining Area
The second is the emerging gem economy, a characteristic industry with broad prospects.
From 65438 to 0996, after the establishment of Jinan District in Fuzhou City, under the guidance of the strategic idea of "building a new city and developing a big mountain area", the dual advantages of Shoushan stone's origin and Shoushan stone carving birthplace were fully exerted, and "promoting Shoushan stone's culture and developing Shoushan stone's economy" was incorporated into the national economic and social development plan of the whole district, forming a unique Shoushan stone industry development, construction, protection and cultural research system, thus becoming
(1) Gradually improve the tourism system dominated by Shoushan stone culture.
Beifeng, the hometown of Shoushan Stone, is a land with beautiful scenery and rich cultural relics. Because of the traffic jam, it has been "growing up in an inner room for many years, and no one knows her". In order to carry forward the stone culture and develop the stone economy, Jin 'an District has made great efforts to build a brand of Shoushan stone culture. Taking Shoushan stone cultural tourism as the breakthrough point, it has built a Shoushan stone grand view garden integrating nature, humanity, local customs and stone culture and art. It has successively built China Shoushan stone museum, Shoushan ancient street, Shoushan stone sightseeing cave, Tianhuang Baoxi, Shanbodong scenic spot, Shoushan waterfall valley, Shoushan river rafting and Shoushan stone original stone trading market. In 2003, Shoushan stone culture was identified as one of the six major cultural brands in Fujian Province by the provincial party committee and government, and Shoushan stone cultural tourism ranked among the four major tourism brands in Fuzhou. With the unique charm of Shoushan stone cultural brand, it has promoted the development of Beifeng tourism. Beifeng, the ancient origin of Shoushan Stone, has become a good place for tourists to spend their holidays. It receives more than 300,000 domestic and foreign tourists every year, and the total tourism income is more than 30 million yuan, which not only increases the income of farmers in mountainous areas, but also promotes the implementation of various policies and measures to build a harmonious society and build a new countryside. Government delegations, business delegations and tourists from the United States, Russia, Japan, Australia, South Africa, Argentina, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and many other countries and regions have left a deep and beautiful impression here. "Open your eyes, I'm glad you came" and "Shoushan returns without looking at the stone" have become the personal experiences of many tourists. Jin 'an District also held the first China (Fuzhou) Shoushan Stone Cultural Tourism Festival, held two China Shoushan Stone Cultural Expositions, selected the "Top Ten Rookie" of Shoushan Stone Sculpture Art, and held the "Meeting Du Shi" literary evening, which comprehensively promoted the cultural and artistic development of Shoushan Stone and made contributions to Shoushan Stone Cultural Tourism.
Lu Zhangong (fifth from the left in the second row), secretary of Fujian Provincial Party Committee, took a group photo with Shoushan stone carving master.
(B) to promote the formation of Shoushan stone industrial system
Shoushan stone is known as "one or two fields, three or two gold", and its huge economic potential has become increasingly prominent in recent years. With the massive exploitation of Shoushan stone and the maturity of carving technology, an industrial system of Shoushan stone integrating mining, processing, sales, collection and cultural research has gradually formed at home and abroad. As far as Jin 'an District itself is concerned, Zhang Lin Village in Gushan Town has been an important distribution center of colored stones in China since 1990s. In 2005, there were more than 3000 people engaged in stone carving in the village, nearly half of whom came from all over the country. A new "Zhang Lin Stone Carving City" with an area of more than 5,000 square meters was built in the village. At present, more than 70 stores in/kloc-0 have all opened. China Shoushan Stone Trading Center, invested by the government of Gushan Town100000 yuan, has a business area of 17500 square meters and 25 merchants/kloc-0. It is the largest Shoushan stone cultural and artistic activity center in Fuzhou, which integrates Shoushan stone academic research, carving skills training, fine exhibition, carving creation, commercial sales and rough stone trading. In addition, many farmers in Shoushan stone producing areas are engaged in Shoushan stone carving and sales. There are nearly 100 Shoushan stone original stone and handicraft shops in Shoushan Village Commercial Street, and a furong stone sales market has also formed in Huanxi Town, the origin of furong stone. The production, purchase and sale of Shoushan Stone are prosperous, which is rare in China traditional craft Baihua Garden. According to statistics, the number of people engaged in Shoushan stone carving industry in Jin 'an District alone has increased to 50,000, and the annual output value of the stone carving industry can reach several billion yuan. The characteristic industrial base of Shoushan stone in Jinan District of Fuzhou City has been fully formed, which has become another new growth point of economic development in Jinan District.
Chen Ji (first from left), deputy director of Fuzhou Municipal People's Congress and secretary of Jinan District Party Committee, and Wang Mingguang (first from right), the district head, studied the work of Shoushan Stone Characteristic Base.
(3) Improve the development and protection system of Shoushan stone resources.
In recent years, Shoushan Stone has been developed and protected at the same time, taking the road of sustainable development, actively rescuing and restoring the mining relics, and strengthening the supervision and protection of Shoushan Stone resources, so that this scarce non-renewable resource can be used permanently and leave a precious legacy for future generations. As one of the "Ten One" projects, the Shoushan Stone Sightseeing Cave was opened to the outside world, which opened a special "window" for tourists to "see through" the geological changes in Shoushan area over the past 100 million years, the formation process of Shoushan Stone and the comprehensive development and utilization of mineral resources by human beings. During the first China (Fuzhou) Shoushan Stone Cultural Tourism Festival in May 2002, the China Shoushan Stone Museum with a building area of 3,032 square meters and the Shoushan Stone Cultural Center Square covering an area of more than 40 acres were successfully completed, making Shoushan truly a pilgrimage site for Shoushan stone collectors at home and abroad. On March 1 2003, the Measures for the Protection and Management of Shoushan Stone Resources in Fuzhou, which was deliberated and adopted by the Standing Committee of Fuzhou Municipal People's Congress and approved by the Standing Committee of Fujian Provincial People's Congress, was formally implemented, and the protection, development and utilization of Shoushan Stone resources embarked on the legal track. According to the requirements of Lu Zhangong, secretary of Fujian Provincial Party Committee, "carrying forward the excellent culture of the motherland, revitalizing an industry, prospering one side's economy and creating an environment", Jin 'an District has formulated the construction plan of Shoushan Stone Culture Expo Hall and the overall plan of Shoushan National Mine Park in Fujian. The planned Shoushan Stone Culture Expo covers an area of 26 mu, with a total construction area of 654.38+0.3 million square meters. The proposed Shoushan National Mine Park consists of three parks and fourteen parks. According to the exploration results, the reserves of Shoushan Stone and its parent ore pyrophyllite in Shoushan Village, Fiona Fang are over 25 million tons. It can be seen that Shoushan stone production area has great resource potential and has a very broad prospect for developing Shoushan stone industry.
2003 Cross-Strait Jinan Shoushan Stone Cultural and Economic Seminar and the awarding ceremony of Shoushan Stone Cultural Research Institute and Shoushan Publishing House.
(D) the establishment of Shoushan stone culture research system
In 200 1 year, with the approval of the Fujian Provincial Department of Culture, the Strait Shoushan Stone Culture Research Institute was established in Jin 'an District, and more than 20 sculpture artists and theorists, including China arts and crafts masters Guo Gongsen, Feng Jiuhe and Lin Hengyun, were employed as researchers. From June 5 to 10, 2005, more than 20 people from Taiwan Province Yin Shi Art Collection Association and a cross-strait exchange delegation came to Jin 'an District to have academic exchanges with Shoushan Stone Culture Institute, Shoushan Publishing House and other Shoushan Stone cultural institutions. Strong atmosphere and fruitful results. Over the past few years, it has published Panorama of Shoushan Stone Culture in China, Collected Papers on Shoushan Stone, Collected Papers on Shoushan Stone in China, Shoushan Stone as a Chinese Treasure and Shoushan Stone Collection. Shoushan Stone's first theme song "Everyone Loves Shoushan Stone" is widely sung. The first six-episode documentary "China Shoushan Stone", which comprehensively introduced Shoushan Stone culture, was broadcast continuously on CCTV. All these beneficial explorations that make Shoushan Stone stand at home and go abroad make us proud today: where there are China people, there are Shoushan Stone, and where there are Shoushan Stone, there is Shoushan Stone Culture.
Third, plan scientific development ideas and implement feasible planning measures.
The construction of Shoushan stone characteristic base in Jinan District of Fuzhou has good social conditions and solid material foundation. Unique resource advantages, long history and culture, suitable social environment and abundant human resources are the key factors for its development and growth. In the past ten years, Jinan District of Fuzhou has been committed to the construction of Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base and continuously promoted the sustainable development of Shoushan stone industrial base. Nowadays, Jin 'an District has not only become the largest Shoushan stone industrial base in China, but also played an irreplaceable role in serving the economic construction on the west side of the Taiwan Strait, building a harmonious society and promoting the great cause of the reunification of the motherland, forming a unique "landscape" on the west side of the Taiwan Strait.
(A) the overall thinking of the development of Shoushan stone industrial base
Focusing on the strategic goal of "carrying forward Shoushan stone culture and building a characteristic industrial base on the west side of the Taiwan Strait", Scientific Outlook on Development will be used to build a comprehensive base to promote the sustainable development of Shoushan stone culture industry. The government actively supports Shoushan stone industry, providing policy guarantee and necessary guiding funds; Adhere to protective development and develop Shoushan stone industry by using unique resource advantages; Based on long-term development, lead Shoushan stone industry with scale economy effect model; Create an industrial chain, integrate production, supply and marketing, and promote Shoushan stone industry; Culture conserves economy, promotes Shoushan stone cultural industry with rich historical and cultural resources, realizes the integration of culture and economy, the interaction between market and products, and the integration of resources and benefits, constantly improves the construction of three demonstration parks of Shoushan stone mining, processing and sales, and realizes the leap-forward development of industrial base.
2005 Cross-Strait Cultural Exchange Seminar on Shoushan Stone
(two) Shoushan stone industrial base development planning and future work measures
1. Make short, medium and long-term development plans for Shoushan stone industry. It is necessary to plan the construction work of the base in different periods from the height of building Shoushan stone industry into the first characteristic industry in Jinan District of Fuzhou City. It is necessary to learn from the development experience of similar industrial bases in other places and combine the actual situation in Jin 'an District to seriously study and scientifically formulate development plans at different stages, so as to reduce the artificial subjectivity, randomness and blindness of Shoushan stone industry development and realize "planned market" and "planned market".
2. Broaden the capital channels of Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base. Strive for the attention of the provincial and municipal governments, so that the development plan of Shoushan stone industrial base can be incorporated into the economic development plan of the provincial and municipal governments, thus obtaining financial support from the provincial and municipal governments. Increase investment attraction, and attract merchants with certain economic strength and high artistic vision to develop Shoushan stone industry in Jinan with excellent service, excellent environment and preferential policies.
Shoushan stone works-birds singing and flowers fragrant
3. Excavate and integrate the historical and cultural connotation of Shoushan Stone. Shoushan stone culture has a long history and enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. Using the scientific research platform of Shoushan Stone Culture Research Institute in the Straits, experts and scholars in the fields of economy, culture and art are invited to conduct in-depth discussions, so as to make a clear orientation for Shoushan Stone culture and form a clear cultural main line. On this basis, through holding seminars, exhibitions and festivals, we will explore, integrate and popularize Shoushan stone culture. Use a variety of publicity media to show the charm of Shoushan Stone, a business card in Fuzhou, to improve its popularity, to further expand the groups who love, appreciate and play with stones, and to make Shoushan Stone a core symbol of local tourism and characteristic culture.
4. Protect and develop Shoushan stone resources. According to the reserves of Shoushan stone resources proved by the national geological exploration department, the protective development measures of Shoushan stone resources are formulated. The mining license system for Shoushan stone mining enterprises will be implemented, and the surrounding small mines will be owned by state-owned Shoushan stone enterprises through rational allocation of resources and effective integration of enterprises, thus fundamentally controlling the occurrence of indiscriminate mining and predatory mining. According to the current situation of resources and market development, make a scientific budget plan for resource development and implement limited mining every year. At the same time, improve the level of carving design and increase the added value of products. According to the characteristics and themes of different stone types, we should teach students in accordance with their aptitude, apply arts according to their topics, and diversify our operations to maximize the added value of products.
In 2006, Secretary Chen Ji and District Chief Wang Mingguang, the main leaders of Jinan District Party Committee and District Government, had a discussion with the "Top Ten Rookie" of the 2nd Shoushan Stone Carving Art.
5. Create Shoushan Stone Cultural Tourism Industry Chain. The outbound tour of Shoushan Stone with Fujian characteristics should make full use of the favorable opportunity that Jinan District of Fuzhou was awarded the title of "Hometown of Shoushan Stone Folk Art", "First List of National Intangible Cultural Heritage", "First National Jewelry and Jade Industry Base" and "National Mine Park" to strengthen the construction of tourism culture. Shoushan Stone Theme Park will be built around Shoushan National Stone Museum: Cliff stone carvings will be built beside Shoushan Creek and Sightseeing Cave, two and a half acres of "Tianhuangshi" scenic spot will be built, passenger service center of Shoushan Stone Mine Park will be built, and tourist facilities of Sightseeing Cave will be further improved. Combine Shoushan stone industry with tourism development, integrate with sightseeing, shopping and leisure, broaden the additional functions of tourism, and form Shoushan stone tourism industry chain.
6. Expand the cultural function of Shoushan Stone Festival. Let China Shoushan Stone Festival become the carrier of effective combination of Shoushan stone culture with tourism, investment promotion, shopping and other activities, improve local popularity and promote regional economic development. According to the development of the situation, the form and content of Shoushan Stone Festival will be continuously enriched, and Shoushan Stone Festival will be turned into a classic brand activity and a national and even international stone appreciation exhibition. By holding Shoushan Stone Festival, we will further build a platform for economic and trade exchanges at home and abroad, publicize Shoushan Stone brand, and promote the strategic process of Shoushan Stone brand.
7. Prepare for the establishment of China Southern Gem Market. Actively introduce famous jade from Yin Shi, such as Bahrain, Qingtian, Changhua, Hetian jade and xiuyan jade, and establish trading places in jin an district, so as to promote the exchange and integration of various stone cultures. Through market cultivation and infrastructure construction, we will strive to build a large-scale gem and stone market with high reputation in the whole country, so that Jinan District of Fuzhou will become a stone cultural center and industrial base on the west side of the Taiwan Strait and achieve a win-win situation in economic and social benefits.
8. Promote exchanges and cooperation between characteristic industrial bases. After ten years' construction, Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base has shown vigorous development vitality and has been recognized by the government, associations and enterprises. In order to make the construction of characteristic industrial bases keep up with the development trend of gem and jade industry at home and abroad, it is necessary to strengthen exchanges and cooperation between characteristic industrial bases at home and abroad. Jin 'an District Party Committee and District Government will regularly organize personnel to learn from advanced areas, learn from each other's strong points with the help of their management concepts and successful experiences, and solve major key problems, key problems and bottlenecks encountered in the construction and development of bases in this region. At the same time, strengthen the cooperation between Shoushan Stone Research Institute and art colleges on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and cultivate reserve talents for Shoushan Stone carving appraisal.
Fourth, the practical exploration of ten-year construction is worth learning.
In the ten years of the construction of Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base, we have made some achievements and accumulated many useful experiences, mainly including the following experiences and understandings.
Stimulate the vitality of scientific development
The construction of Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base is a very specific economic and social development work. In the past construction process, Jin 'an District played its due leading role, and incorporated the construction of characteristic industrial bases into the local national economic and social development plan. Adhere to the overall planning of urban and rural development, regional development, economic and social development, harmonious development between man and nature, domestic development and opening to the outside world, and ensure that the base construction is compatible and coordinated with social development, so that Shoushan Stone, a traditional folk culture with a long history, will glow with new vitality.
(B) under the guidance of the government to build a platform
Developing Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base is a comprehensive social construction project. In addition to the active promotion of Shoushan Stone industry, local party committees and governments at all levels should take the lead in organizing and mobilizing Shoushan Stone lovers from all walks of life, including Hongkong, Taiwan Province Province and Southeast Asia, to participate in this work. In the past ten years, the Party Committee and the government of Jin 'an District have spared no effort to do a lot of useful work in integrating government, industry and social resources, and formed a relatively perfect publicity platform, trading platform, communication platform and information platform, laying a solid foundation for the long-term development of base construction.
(C) to create an atmosphere of trade associations
Only by conforming to the development trend of the times, grasping the opportunity of reform and opening up, and constantly integrating local characteristic resources into the national and even world markets can we develop and build characteristic industrial bases. Jin 'an District has been fully supporting and participating in the "China National Stone" appraisal activities, vigorously promoting and giving full play to the advantages of the industry, and doing a good job in the overall packaging, promotion and publicity of all kinds of jade such as Shoushan Stone in China, laying a good development atmosphere and working foundation for the formation and development of Shoushan Stone's characteristic industrial base.
(D) Building brand in carrier construction
Giving full play to the cultural advantages of Shoushan Stone accumulated for thousands of years, expanding the influence of Shoushan Stone cultural brand and promoting the construction of characteristic industrial bases have always been the top priority of the work of "building a new city and developing a large mountainous area" in Jinan District. In recent ten years, Jin 'an District has injected a lot of money into promoting Shoushan stone culture and branding. We also actively sought the support of provinces and cities, mobilized social forces extensively, and built a large number of base facilities such as Shoushan Stone Museum in China, Shoushan Commercial Ancient Street, Shoushan Stone Trading Center in China, and Stone Carving Village in Zhang Lin, which provided an effective carrier and resource guarantee for the construction and development of characteristic bases.
(5) Enhance the stamina in strengthening protection.
Shoushan stone, a "Chinese treasure", is a very rare natural mineral resource, and the Shoushan stone culture triggered by it is also a resource. Natural resources and cultural resources are harmonious and complementary, which plays an important role in developing Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base. In recent ten years, all walks of life in Jin 'an District have attached great importance to the effective protection of Shoushan stone resources. Through CPPCC proposal, social propaganda and cultural activities, provincial and municipal people's congresses and governments have issued policies to protect Shoushan stone resources, and the supervision and protection of Shoushan stone mining area have been strengthened. At present, the number of caves for mining Shoushan stone in the whole region has been reduced to 10, which is less than one tenth of the total 1998, which not only effectively protects the resources, but also ensures their sustainable utilization.
At present, the construction of Shoushan stone characteristic industrial base has entered a new stage of development. The Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee pointed out that the construction of harmonious culture should be regarded as an important part of building a harmonious socialist society. We are determined and confident, under the leadership of the Ministry of Land and Resources, China Jewelry and Jade Jewelry Industry Association, and the party committees and governments of Fujian and Fuzhou, to seize the opportunity of "building the economic zone on the west side of the Taiwan Strait and making it bigger and stronger as the central city of the provincial capital", to fully promote the sustained, coordinated, orderly and effective development of Shoushan stone industrial base, and strive to create a harmonious culture with distinctive regional characteristics and make new contributions to building a harmonious socialist society.
China Shoushan Stone Museum is located on the mountain, with the back of the mountain facing the stream. The exterior of the building adopts the characteristics of Fuzhou folk houses. The exhibition hall is divided into three floors, the first floor is the Shoushan Stone Culture and History Exhibition Hall; The second floor is the exhibition hall of Shoushan Stone, which collects more than 100 varieties of Shoushan Stone, reflecting the mining history of Shoushan Stone 1000 years. On the third floor is the Shoushan Stone Carving Exhibition Hall, which displays masterpieces of celebrities in different historical periods.