Revise the exercises and answers of ill sentences
(1) China is now self-sufficient in cotton production. (The attributive and the head word are reversed and should be changed to "cotton production")
Many teachers talked enthusiastically with him in the lounge yesterday. (The multi-layer adverbial is out of order, and the object-object phrase is usually next to the head sentence, so it should be changed to "talk to him enthusiastically")
(3) The document has made detailed provisions and profound exposition on some issues in the economic field in theory and policy. The words are not arranged in the right order, so "profound explanation" should take care of "theory" and "detailed rules" should take care of "policy". )
2. Improper collocation
(1) Spring breeze blows in waves, branches sway, moonlight and shadows shake together, making a rustling sound. If the subject and predicate are not properly matched, "moonlight" will not make a sound. )
(2) After filming the film, she announced her formal retirement. ("Career" can't "quit" because of improper collocation of verbs and objects)
(3) This is a highly competitive exam, and it takes great efforts to beat other competitors. (The related words are not collocated properly, so "Fei" and "Cai" cannot be used together. )
3. Incomplete or redundant components
(1) Mr. Lu Xun created essays in the struggle and became a wonderful flower in literature and art (missing the subject, changing "creation" to "being created")
(2) Actively participate in the disposal of social catastrophic accidents, resolve risks and stabilize social life. (lack of predicate, add "bear" before "participate")
(3) As long as you are diligent and willing to endure hardships, nothing can beat you. (If there is no object, add "determination" after "willing to endure hardship")
(4) This is a worrying idea. (redundant, "thinking" means thinking, and "thinking" can be deleted)
4, the structure is chaotic
(1) Zhike expectorant tablets, the main components of which are made of polygala tenuifolia, platycodon grandiflorum, Fritillaria cirrhosa and ammonium chloride. (It should be "the main component is ..." or "it is composed of ...", two formats or one. )
(2) Do you know how many people have to work hard to publish a translation before they can meet the readers? ("strive to publish …" and "a translator … met" are mixed together, and only one sentence can be selected. )
5. The ideographic meaning is unclear
(1) bureau leaders such as the director and deputy director attended the commendation meeting. (It is not clear whether the leaders of other bureaus are leaders of this bureau or leaders of other bureaus)
(2) Palestinian guerrillas are preparing to attack Israel. (It is not clear whether "Palestinian guerrillas attack Israel" or "Israel attacks Palestinian guerrillas")
6, illogical
He is one of many surviving victims. Since it is "spared", it is not dead. How can you say "one" in "victim"?
Second, the basic methods of modifying sick sentences
1, understand several common types of ill sentences, especially the six types pointed out in the exam instructions; Improper word order, improper collocation, incomplete or redundant components, chaotic structure, unclear meaning and illogical. Familiar with the routine methods of correcting sick sentences.
2. The purpose of modifying ill sentences is to make the sentences accurate and clear. When you modify a sick sentence, you must keep the original intention and don't change it.
As soon as I entered the West Lake Park, I saw colorful flags flying and singing loudly in the park.
This sentence is guilty of improper collocation. You can see "colorful flags flying", but you can't see "singing loudly" When modifying this ill sentence, you can't delete "loud singing" because of improper collocation, because the whole sentence shows the excitement of the park from two aspects. Deleting "loud singing" will change the original meaning of the sentence. This sentence can be changed to "As soon as I entered the West Lake Park, I saw colorful flags flying and heard loud songs".
3. Grasping the main sentence from the perspective of grammar. Whether it is a single sentence or a complex sentence, grasping the trunk of the sentence will also grasp the basic meaning of the sentence, which is conducive to retaining the original intention when correcting the sick sentence. When grasping the trunk, pay attention to identify whether there is a problem with the trunk. If there are defects such as incomplete components, improper collocation of subject and predicate, improper collocation of verb and object, we must first correct them.
The dereliction of duty of the director of the grain depot caused 40 tons of wheat to rot. In order to strictly enforce the law and discipline, the superior leaders decided to give them administrative demerits and compensate some economic losses.
The backbone of this sentence is "the superior leader" ... decides ... and gives compensation ... "It is obviously contrary to the meaning of the whole sentence. The person who "compensates" should be the director of the grain depot who is dereliction of duty, not the superior leader. "Order him" should be added before "compensation".
4. From the lexical point of view, see whether the modifiers of the sentence are properly matched with the head language, and whether the content words and function words of the sentence are used properly.
After the Chinese class, Huang Xiaojing handed over the two compositions finished after class to the teacher.
The numerals in this sentence are not used properly, so the word "two" should be changed to "two". Say "two meters" and "two lights" instead of "two meters" and "two lights".
5. Let's talk about logic first. Although there are no chapters to introduce logical knowledge in middle school texts, some logical knowledge is often needed when modifying sick sentences. Usually, we should pay attention to mastering some basic logical knowledge. Some sentences are logically wrong, so we should consider them from a logical point of view when modifying them.
The car sped along the winding mountain road like an arrow.
The "arrow that leaves the string" goes straight ahead, and the "winding" twists and turns, and the metaphor in the sentence is unreasonable and illogical. It should be changed to "The car gallops like an arrow from the string on the expressway."
The conventional methods of modifying sick sentences are adding words, deleting words and changing words.
Example 1 The following sentence is complete: () A. From the day he went to school, he became interested in languages. B. Because American universities ignore the application of theory, the number of useful scientific and technological talents in the United States is decreasing year by year, resulting in a talent crisis. Deep in the dense forest of C Nature Reserve, waterfalls can be seen everywhere, and it has the title of "Hometown of Waterfalls". D. She described to me that on New Year's Eve, farmers kept jiaozi up late, and the whole family ate jiaozi and set off firecrackers in the early morning of the first day. C is correct, A and B lack subjects and D lacks objects. The subject of the sentence is hidden in the prepositional phrase, and "he" is placed before "cong", so the subject is exposed and the components are complete. Sentence B should be the subject word. The imperative verb is used before the sentence, which makes the sentence lack of subject and deletes "yes" Sentence D describes the lack of things and complements people's "situation". (You can also delete the "because" in sentence B, so there will be a subject. ) Example 2 Delete the redundant components of the following sentences by symbolic method. A. I've been thinking about this problem for a long time, and I haven't found a good solution. B once the switch is turned off, the current can be prevented from passing. No one can deny that the earth does not revolve around the sun. D. seeing the progress of students, the teacher is happy from the heart. Analysis A deletes "ideologically", B deletes "no longer", C deletes "no" after "earth" and D deletes "from the heart". One of the reasons why coaches create "redundant elements" is semantic repetition, which often leads to the repetition of attributes, adverbials and headwords. "Consideration" must be in the mind, so delete "in the mind". Another reason for "redundant ingredients" is the use of negative words, which leads to the opposite meaning. If B turns off the switch, it should prevent the current from passing. More use of "no longer" becomes a switch, and the current passes. The following sentences are properly matched: () A. Orchards are planted everywhere on both sides of the road. B. all kinds of reading sounds converge into beautiful songs. C. the snow-white walls are swaying, which makes people unable to open their eyes. At the party, the actors performed music, dance, qigong and other cultural programs. Analysis on the unreasonable collocation of planting and orchard. B, it is not properly matched with singing skills. D qigong is not a literary program. C, that's right. The collocation of nudge words is mainly analyzed from the perspective of grammar and logic. Usually, whether subject-predicate, verb-object, attribute and adverbial are collocated with head words, complements and head words is an illogical question, and the connotation of the concept of literary programs does not include qigong. Choose the correct word order () A. Wolves have nothing to say about the argument between wolves and children. B. The Palace Museum exhibited newly unearthed cultural relics more than 2,000 years ago. C. we resolutely implement the education law and study hard. We had an extensive exchange of views on improving teaching quality. D analysis is correct, and the word order of A, B and C is improper. Dial item A and put it before "None". Item B, "more than two thousand years ago" should be before the cultural relics were placed. Item C should be studied before implementation, which is logical. Example 5 () A. Wang Gang and Li Ming met on the road, and Li Ming told him that he bought a set of Review for Grade Three yesterday. B. intelligence is not born, but acquired through practice. C. two people negotiated for a long time, but there was still no result. D after listening to Zhang Haidi's report, I was very inspired and educated.