Five Poems by Akino
Weeds are sparse in the autumn, and the east wall of the cold river is Xu. The boat extends in all directions and is the village market of Buzhai Chu.
When the jujube is ripe, it will be beaten by people, and the sunflower will hoe it by itself. Long meals are divided into streams and fish.
It is easy to know the physiology of floating, but it is difficult to teach one thing to go against it. Fish in deep water are in bliss, and birds in the forest know where to go.
Poor and sick in his later years, sharing weal and woe. The autumn wind blows a few branches, and this mountain is never tired.
Rites and music attack us short, and mountains lead to prosperity. Bypass the gauze cap and reveal the bamboo book.
Pine nuts are harvested in the wind and honey houses are cut in the cold. Small red and green, fragrant near the hole.
The far shore is white in autumn, and the distant mountains are red in night. When diving scales lose waves, there will be wind when returning to the wing.
The anvil rings every family, and the sound of firewood is the same. Fei Shuang was appointed as a young woman and was given to leave the Nangong.
Painting Kirin, heron twilight. In autumn, the river is easy to flourish, and the empty gorge smells better at night.
Thousands of stones are hidden in the road, and a cloud is left in the sail. Children don't have to join the army to understand Manchu.
Eight autumn poems, the fifth one
Five of Du Fu's Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity
Penglai Palace Que faces Nanshan, with dewdrops between golden stems and Korean smiles.
Looking at Yaochi in the west and the Empress Dowager in the east, there are many kinds of customs.
Clouds move to Gongshan, and the sun goes around Longlin to know the holy face.
One lying on the bank of the Cangjiang River surprised me at the end of the year and went to Qingsuo for classes several times.
Translation and annotation
1, Penglai Palace Que: refers to Daming Palace. Penglai, the name of Han Palace. In the second year of Tang Gaozong Longshuo (662), Daming Palace was rebuilt and renamed Penglai Palace. Nanshan: That's Zhong Nanshan.
2. Exposed gold stem: refers to the copper column under the fairy dew plate. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty built a fairy dew tray on the Xiping platform of Zhang Jian Palace. There is no exposed dish in the Tang Dynasty, which is a Chinese metaphor for the Tang Dynasty. Han Xiao room: high into the sky, describing the dewy golden stems as extremely high.
3. Yaochi: The residence of the mythical goddess Queen Mother is in Kunlun Mountain. Surrender to the Queen Mother: The legend of Mu and other books recorded the legend of going to Kunlun Mountain to visit the Queen Mother of the West. According to the biography of Hanwu, the Queen Mother of the West flew down to the Han Palace on July 7th.
4. Purple gas from the east: using Laozi to enter Hanguguan from Luoyang. Legend of the Immortal records that Laozi went west to Hangu Pass, and Guanyin Xi saw a purple spirit in the East Pole when he climbed the stairs, and he knew that a saint had passed Hangu Pass. Later, as expected, he saw Lao Tzu passing by in a green ox cart. Hangu Pass: namely Hangu Pass. These two sentences use allusions to describe the magnificent weather of the capital Chang 'an Palace.
5. Cloud movement: refers to the cloud-like separation of Gongshan. Pheasant: refers to the pheasant-tailed fan, which is woven with pheasant tails and is a kind of imperial ceremonial. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty in the first century A.D., Xiao Song suggested that the emperor should bask in the sun in Zheng Xuandian every month when the new moon and the sun came out. Before he sat down, he blocked it with a feather fan and lifted it up and down to prevent everyone from seeing it. After he sat down, the feather fan was taken away Later, it was designated as a court document.
6, the sun around the dragon forest: describe the dragon embroidered on the emperor's robes dazzling, such as the sun around. Holy face: the appearance of the son of heaven. These two sentences mean that the palace is separated from the mountain by clouds. I have seen the emperor's face in the grand appearance ceremony.
7. one: one self, one self. Lying in Cangjiang: refers to being ill in Kuizhou. At the end of the year: at the end of the year, poetry and autumn words are cut, which hurts the elderly.
8. Several times: The speech was very short, only a few times. Qingsuo: The name of Weiyang Palace in Han Dynasty, decorated with cyan and engraved with chain patterns. Later, it also refers to the palace gate. Point-to-court class: When the imperial court went to court, the court officials called the court to appear before the emperor in shifts. These two sentences lamented that he was far away from the court in his later years, was ill in Kuizhou, and had the name of a court official (Yuan Wailang of the procuratorial department), but he did not participate in the court for a long time.
Make an appreciative comment
This song is about longing for the imperial palace in Chang 'an, Kyoto. By recalling the grand occasion of the previous dynasty, compared with today's Cangjiang River, it expresses a strong sense of the past and the present.
Reflections on five songs
Du Fu's Five Feelings
one
General Meng Enze, a soldier.
That's it, boss. You can report to God.
Bones are fighting a new battle, and Yuntai is expanding the old border.
If the news comes out, zhangqian is nowhere to be found.
Secondly,
There are still snakes in thistle, and Gankun is still a tiger and a wolf.
The princes don't pay tribute in the spring, and the messengers look at each other day by day.
Be careful not to swallow Qinghai.
The great king first stopped fighting and returned to Yang Shan, MCA.
third
When the boat goes down, the tribute from the sky will be forgotten.
The sun smells red and rotten, and the cold is waiting for Cui Huachun.
Don't make the universe new with golden soup.
But frugality is virtue, and thieves are king.
Fourth.
The wind and frost in Dangui are urgent, and the greenway withers day and night.
There is a strong origin and dry land, and there is no disrespect for the dynasty.
I was sent by a sage, and I was sent to the palace to make a letter.
Finally, according to ancient feudalism, you can't just listen to Xiao Shao.
Fifth.
Stealing and destroying people is still chaotic, and soldiers will doubt themselves.
The name of the altar is absolutely false, and it is too late to report it to the Lord.
The county is colorless, and all officials have words.
I would like to smell the funeral letter and ask for sorrow.
Make an appreciative comment
The Five Senses was written in the autumn of the first year of Dade (763). This is the third article, which is related to the suggestion that the court moved the capital to Luoyang at that time. After the Anshi Rebellion, the Guanzhong area where Chang 'an was located was destroyed, and a large amount of grain was transported from Jianghuai to Chang 'an every year. With the invasion of Tubo, Chang 'an was directly threatened, so there was discussion about moving the capital to North Korea. This poem is inspired by this.
When the boat goes down, the tribute from the sky will be forgotten. The first couplet starts from Luoyang's superior geographical position. According to legend, Zhou Chengwang sent Zhao Gong back to camp in Luoyi, saying: In this world, all roads are quiet. This is the second sentence. In other words, Luoyang is located in the center of the country, with convenient land and water transportation. Tribute taxes come from all directions, and the distance to here is roughly equal. What is said here is also the main reason held by those who advocate moving the capital to Luoyang. The poet reported in a positive tone, because from the geographical position alone, Luoyang does have the superior conditions to build its capital. Let's go first here, just to make the following discussion more powerful. This is a way of playing hard to get.
The sun smells red and rotten, and the cold is waiting for Cui Huachun. Zhuan Xu inherited ships and tributes tightly, and opened up new ideas. Red millet and the millet in Taicang in Hanshu Shihuoji are rotten, but Chen and Chen can't eat because of rot. Cui Hua is the flag of the son of heaven, which means the emperor here. Recently, I heard that Luoyang's national granary is full of rotten food, and the poor are waiting for the emperor to bring them spring-like warmth. Very tactful. In fact, Du Fu was opposed to moving the capital to Luoyang, only insinuating that God only provided convenience for extorting money. Ironically, people are waiting to see what people complain about. At that time, among those who held the idea of moving the capital, there must be a resigned person who hoped that the emperor would be happy in Luoyang, so the poet implicitly retorted: the people expected Cui Huachun, not a greater disaster!
Those who advocate moving the capital to Luoyang also take the land risk of Luoyang as the reason for moving the capital, so the poet expressed his own view on this argument: don't make the universe new with golden soup. Don't take it, which means don't just pay attention to it. Du Fu did not deny the role of Jin Tanggu, but believed that the fundamental basis for consolidating the feudal state power was to constantly innovate politics and make people live and work in peace and contentment. Two sentences, one against, one affirmation, one exhortation, one earnest hope, are especially sincere. At this point, poetry has been extended from the specific issue of moving the capital to the fundamental principle of governing the country, so the second part will further talk about how to make the universe look brand-new.
But frugality is virtue, and thieves are king. The answer is simple and common: it's just that the emperor practiced frugality, reduced expenses and reduced the burden on the people. You know, the so-called thieves are all subjects of the emperor. The abdomen is not taken, and the long sequence is repeated, which is extremely solemn. Choose the word "however" lightly at the end of the couplet. This dramatic turning point of holding high and putting down lightly makes understatement more striking and meaningful. In order to further emphasize the importance of thrift, the poet added a sentence, "A thief is king and a minister is a minister", which hit the nail on the head and revealed the fact that feudal social officials forced the people to rebel. Deep thoughts, deep feelings and sharp language have been harmoniously unified here.
This poem is full of political color and strong artistic appeal, and has Du Fu's unique personality. If it is a meaningful attempt for Du Fu to introduce arguments into the Five Laws, which are usually used to express feelings and write scenery, then it is Du Fu's successful artistic experience to talk about Taoism with emotion.
Seventeen poems by Qiu Pu
Li Bai's Seventeen Poems of Autumn.
one
Autumn is like autumn, and depression makes people worry.
The guests are too worried to go to the East Building.
Looking to the west of Chang 'an, you can see the river flowing below.
Send a message to this river and you will remember it.
Send a drop of tears from afar to reach Yangzhou for me.
Secondly,
Qiupu apes are sad at night, and Huangshan Mountain is as white as a bald head.
Qingxi is not a long stream, but a heartbroken stream.
You can't go if you want to.
When to return to Japan, rain and tears are lonely.
third
Autumn brocade ostrich is rare in the world.
Pheasants are too shy to wear sweaters.
Fourth.
Temple in autumn, once whispered, has declined.
Apes have white hair, both long and short.
Fifth.
There are many white apes in Qiupu, flying like snow.
Pull the bar and drink the moon in the water
Sixth.
Worried about being a guest in Qiupu, but watching Qiupu flowers.
Mountains and rivers are like counties and winds are like Changsha.
Seventh.
Drunk mountain stallion, cold song rather gas cattle.
Empty singing white stone rotten, tears full of mink hair.
Eighth.
Qiupu Qianling, Shuiche Ridge is the strangest.
The sky is falling and the water is brushing the parasitic branches.
Qijiu
Jiang Zu is a stone and the sky sweeps the screen.
Poetry remains forever, and green words are full of moss.
tenth
Qian Qian Heather, 10,000 Ligustrum lucidum.
Egrets in the mountains, white apes in the streams.
Don't go to Qiupu, the ape will break the guest's heart.
Eleventh session
Logically, people cross the bird path and Jiang Zu makes a fish beam.
The water is in a hurry, and the flowers are fragrant.
twelfth
Water is like a horse, and this place is flat.
Kang can take advantage of the bright moon to see flowers on the wine boat.
Thirteen
The water is clear and plain, and the egrets fly to the moon.
Lang listened to the girl picking ling and returned with a nocturne.
fourteenth
The fire was shining in the sky, and the red star in the purple smoke was in chaos.
On the night of the moon, copper smelters sang, and their songs resounded through the cold valley.
Fifteenth
White hair three thousands of feet, sorrow like a beard.
I don't know where to get autumn frost in the mirror.
One-sixteenth
In autumn, the whole world sheds flowers, collecting fish and leaving water.
His wife, Zhang Xi, got married, reflecting the deep bamboo forest.
qiqi
Step by step, Tao Bo heard this sentence.
The darkness bid farewell to the monk and bowed its head to the white clouds.
Translation and annotation
one
Qiupu water is as long as autumn, and the depression of the scenery makes me sad. The worries of the guests, such as autumn water, are immeasurable, and I am also happy to go to Dalou Mountain for fun. Standing on the top of the mountain and looking at Volta in the west, you can see the water of the Yangtze River rolling eastward. I asked Jiang Shui: Do you remember me, Li Bai? Please send my tears to my friends in Yangzhou!
Secondly,
Night apes wailed on Qiupu water, and even the nearby Little Huangshan Mountain turned white. Qingxi is not a dragon water. But it also makes a sad sound like dragon water. I want to leave here, but I can't for some reason; I originally planned to travel here temporarily, but I stayed here for a long time. When can I return to my hometown? I don't think I can cry on a lonely boat at this time.
third
Qiupu produces an ostrich with beautiful feathers, which is rare in the world. The pheasant, which is famous for its beauty, is too ashamed to go near the water to show its gorgeous feathers.
Fourth.
When I entered Qiupu, I was worried about my temple all morning. The plaintive ape voice turned my white hair into a tangled thread.
Fifth.
There are many white apes on the trees by the Qiu Yong River, and they leap like a mass of snow. They dragged their children on the branches and played the game of full moon in the water.
Sixth.
Worry about being a Qiupu guest and watching Qiupu flowers. The mountains and rivers in Qiupu are as beautiful as Shan County, but the scenery is like Xiaoxiang scenery in Changsha.
Seventh.
I rode home drunk like Shan Jian in the Jin Dynasty; Just like Ningqi in the Spring and Autumn Period, I unconsciously sang "Niu Ge" with a trumpet, so I had to cry and call Qin.
Eighth.
Among the dry and heavy mountains in Qiupu, only Shuicheling has the strangest scenery. The sky seems to have collapsed with the big stones, and the silk of the rabbit on the rocks fluttered with the water.
Qijiu
Jushi Jiangzu stands on the Qingxi River, just like a natural painting screen sweeping across the sky. The ancient poems above still exist for thousands of years, and the green characters are covered with beautiful moss.
tenth
On both banks of the Qiupu River, there are 10,000 Qian Qian heather trees and privet trees. Every hill is covered with white temples, and every mountain stream has white apes. I advise you never to go to Qiupu, because sad apes will break the hearts of guests as foreign wanderers.
Eleventh session
Only birds can fly over the height of the stone. Fishermen built a small dam for fishing on Jiangzushi. The rapids make the passenger ship run fast, the mountain flowers are next to people's faces, and there are bursts of fragrance.
twelfth
Water is like a quiet white horse, and the water here is balance. Why not take this boat to the sky, drink in the cabin, watch the bright moon and enjoy the flowers on both sides?
Thirteen
A clear moon is reflected in the transparent green water, and a row of egrets fly in the sun. Farmer Lang and Huo listened to the girl who picked Ling, sang folk songs together and walked back to the moon.
fourteenth
The fire shines on the heavens and the earth, and the red star flashes in the smoke. On a bright moonlit night, the smelters sang while working, and their songs resounded through the cold valley.
Fifteenth
White hair as long as three thousands of feet, it is because of sadness that it grows so long. Somewhere in the mirror, autumn frost falls on my head.
One-sixteenth
An old man from Qiupu, Tian She, sleeps on a fishing boat. His wife set a bird net deep in the bamboo forest to catch the silver pheasant in the forest.
qiqi
Tao Bo is only one step away from here, where people can hear clearly. I am here to bid farewell to the monk in the dark and bow to the white clouds in the distance.
1, Qiupu: Chizhou County in Tang Dynasty. So the address is in the west of Guichi County, Anhui Province.
2. Gong Shan: Shan Jian.
3. Ning Qi: a patriot in the Spring and Autumn Period.
4, white stone rotten: Ning Qi's "Cowherd Song" has Nanshan vein stone, white stone rotten, life does not conform to the sentence of Yao and Shun Zen.
5. Sable and fur: In The Warring States Policy and Qin Ce, Su Qin called Qin Wang, while ten in the book said nothing. Sable and fur were embarrassing.
6. Shuicheling: According to Guichi's records, there is Shuicheling more than 70 miles southwest of Guichi.
7. Parasitism: A plant whose roots are not rooted in the soil, but attached to branches such as pine trees and poplars, and survive by absorbing nutrients from these trees.
8. Jiang Zuyi Stone: According to the Unified Record, Jiangzu Mountain, 25 miles southwest of Guichi, is a stone that protrudes from the water and is several feet high.
9, Luo (Lu) people: today called Luo, is a boulder on the river. A fork.
10, Yu Liang: place name, near Luo people's collection.
1 1, ship: Line 1
12, Hirata: the name of the lake, the former site is at the foot of Qishan in the southwest of Guichi.
13, Yun (n n): It means blushing because of shyness. Here refers to the fire reflecting the red face.
14, A: So, so.
15, autumn cream: describe hair as white as autumn cream.
16. silver pheasant: a large bird, also called silver pheasant.
17, ě(jū): a net for catching rabbits, generally referring to a net for catching birds and animals.
18, Bo: Bad job.
Make an appreciative comment
Qiupu, in the west of Guichi County, Anhui Province, was one of the producing areas of silver and copper in the Tang Dynasty. In the 12th year of Tianbao (753), Li Bai wandered around here and wrote a set of poems "Song of Autumn Pu". This is the fourteenth of them. This is a poem that describes and praises smelting workers positively. It is rare among the vast classical poems in China, so it is precious.
Fire shines on heaven and earth, and red stars are full of purple smoke. When the poem begins one day, it presents a smelting scene with bright colors and warm atmosphere: flaming fire, red star splashing, purple smoke transpiration, and the vast world is illuminated by red flames. The poet used two seemingly ordinary words, Zhao and Luan, but once refined into poetry, the scenery was outstanding. Through this vivid scene, it is not difficult to feel the novelty, excitement and wonder of the poet.
Then, two words: on a moonlit night, this song moved to a cold river and turned to the portrayal of the image of smelters. With rough lines and a little outline, the poet's majestic and sturdy image of the smelter is vividly displayed on the paper. The word "Kuailang" is novel and intriguing. Rhyme originally refers to blushing because of shyness; Here refers to the fire reflecting the red face. From the word "Goulang", we can associate them with their strong physique and industrious, simple, warm and generous, optimistic and upward character. The ending song moved Hanchuan and closed the characterization of the previous sentence. Smelters sing while working, and the loud singing makes the cold river ripple. What songs did they sing? If the poet doesn't add a little, readers can make all kinds of supplements and associations; Did this song really stir Hanchuan? Of course not. This is the poet's unique feeling, an exaggerated stroke, but extremely vivid. If the sentence "Lang Lang" only depicts the faces of smelting workers under the bright moon and fire, then this sentence reveals their inner world, their rich emotions and beautiful sentiments, and the lines are full of poets' praise and admiration.
This is a magnificent autumn night smelting map. Under the poet's ingenious pen, light, heat, sound and color are intertwined, and bright and dark, cold and hot, dynamic and static are in harmony, vividly showing the fiery labor scene and vividly shaping the image of ancient smelting workers. It is indeed an artistic treasure that radiates extraordinary splendour in the treasure house of ancient poetry.
This is a poem expressing anger. With unrestrained passion and romantic artistic techniques, the poet shaped his self-image, vented his deep resentment and depression, and exerted a strong and touching artistic power.
White hair three thousands of feet, sorrow as long? Split the air, such as spring tide rushing, such as volcanic eruption, shocking. It is really incomprehensible to read the sentence "Three thousands of feet with White Hair". How can white hair have three thousands of feet? Read the next sentence, I suddenly understand that the original three thousands of feet white hair is born of sadness, because of sadness and long! Worry gives birth to white hair, but people are aware of it, but it is three times as long as thousands of feet. How many deep worries should there be? The fateful weight of ten words falls on a sad word. Writing sadness is incredible! Fantasy strange sentences can't help but make people marvel at the poet's boldness of vision and pen power.
There are many sad examples in classical poetry. Luo Songda Jing "He Lin Yu Lu" said: The poet has a mountain to express his worries, and Du Shaoling said: Worry comes like a mountain (press: it is the end of Qi), and the hole cannot be broken; Some people use water as a metaphor for sadness. Li Qiyun: Please measure the water in the East China Sea to see the depth of sadness. Li Bai found another way to describe the depth of sadness with the length of three thousands of feet's white hair, which is particularly novel, interesting and meaningful (ibid.). People will not be offended by the poet's irrationality. On the contrary, they will sincerely appreciate this unnatural and popular strange sentence and find the poet's sigh really sympathetic.
People see the white hair on their heads and its length because they look in the mirror. The first two sentences are hidden in the mirror, and three or four sentences will understand:
I don't know where to get autumn frost in the mirror!
Autumn frost is white, which means white hair. Seemingly repetitive and not repetitive, there is a sad and haggard emotional color, which is beyond the reach of the vernacular that white-haired people send black-haired people. I don't know the last sentence. It's not true. I don't know, not because I don't know where to ask. These two sentences are not questions, but angry words and bitter words. Poetic eyes fixed on a word in the next sentence. Where did you get such deep sorrow? The word "de" goes straight to the exclusion and oppression suffered by the poet for half his life; I don't know why I'm worried about my white hair and autumn frost on my temples. I feel it personally! Li Bai has the ambition to devote himself, and he is willing to help him. He also has the ideal of enlarging the Atlas area and clarifying Hai Xian County (see "A Document on the Transfer of Shoushan by Meng Shaofu"). Despite repeated setbacks, his ambition never died out. When he wrote this poem, he was already in his fifties, and his ambition was unfulfilled. How could he not be doubly miserable when he was old! Therefore, the self-reflection in the mirror is shocking. There are three lonely songs of thousands of feet with white hair, which make future generations know their grief and indignation. It can be said that they are good at complaining.
The quatrains of ancient poetry are so classic, concise and full of infinite feelings. Want to see more quatrains and ancient poems? Please enjoy the five-character poems in autumn.